@inproceedings{BuettnerBohigasBoladerasGottschalketal., author = {B{\"u}ttner, Johannes and Bohigas Boladeras, Pere and Gottschalk, Philipp and Kucera, Markus and Waas, Thomas}, title = {Performance Isolation of Co-located Workload in a Container-based Architecture for Automobile}, series = {9th International Conference on Ambient Computing, Applications, Services and Technologies 2019, 22-26.09.2019, Porto, Portugal}, booktitle = {9th International Conference on Ambient Computing, Applications, Services and Technologies 2019, 22-26.09.2019, Porto, Portugal}, isbn = {978-1-61208-739-9}, pages = {31 -- 37}, abstract = {As the development in the automotive sector is facing upcoming challenges, the demand for in-vehicle computing power capacity increases and the need for flexible hardware and software structures arises, allowing dynamic managament of resources. In this new scenario, software components are to be added, removed, updated and migrated between computing units. To isolate the software components from each other and allow its orchestration, a container-based virtualization approach is being tested throughout this research. The analysis focuses on the question if this virtualization technology could be an option to ensure an interference-free operation. Four different sample applications from the automotive environment are tested for their susceptibility to resource contention. The research on the one hand shows that CPU and memory used by an application can be largely isolated with this technology, but on the other hand, it becomes apparent that support for I/O-heavy usage is currently not implemented sufficiently for container engines.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BuettnerKuceraWaas, author = {B{\"u}ttner, Johannes and Kucera, Markus and Waas, Thomas}, title = {Opening up New Fail-Safe Layers in Distributed Vehicle Computer Systems}, series = {Proceedings of the 8th International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Embedded Computing (PECCS 2018) 2018, Porto, Portugal}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Embedded Computing (PECCS 2018) 2018, Porto, Portugal}, abstract = {The automotive industry currently faces several challenges, including a growing complexity in system architecture. At the same time, the task load as well as the needs for performance increase. To address this problem, the A3Fa research project evaluates scalable distributed concepts for future vehicle system architectures. These can be seen as comparable to cluster-computing systems, which are applied in high-performance or high-availability use-cases. Methods used in such scenarios will also be important features in future vehicle architectures such as horizontal application scalability, application load balancing and reallocation, as well as functionality upgrades triggered by the user. This paper focuses on concepts and methods for the reliability of applications and hardware in future in-vehicle distributed system architectures. It is argued that future automotive computing systems will evolve towards enterprise IT systems similar to today's data centers. Furthermore, it is stated these vehicle systems can benefit greatly from IT systems. In particular, the safety against failure of functions and hardware in such systems is discussed. For this purpose, various of such mechanisms used in information technology are investigated. A layer-based classification is proposed, representing the different fail-safe levels.}, subject = {Kraftfahrzeug}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ButtnerAlonsoVillaBohigasBoladerasetal., author = {Buttner, Johannes and Alonso-Villa, Cristina and Bohigas Boladeras, Pere and Kucera, Markus and Waas, Thomas}, title = {The Need for New Software Architectures for Next-generation Vehicle}, series = {Proceedings of the 5th International E-Conference on Advances in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICETM 2021)}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International E-Conference on Advances in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICETM 2021)}, isbn = {978-1-63248-192-4}, pages = {58 -- 61}, abstract = {Assuming that future connected cars with automated driving functions will require even more computing power and communication bandwidth, the current network infrastructure as well as the existing individualized control units are not a profitable option for such vehicles. In addition, changing user expectations demand flexible architectural patterns and upgradeability of software components without the need to visit the workshop. However, the current statically developed and configured ECU architecture does not offer any practicable possibilities for this. For these reasons, the research for a new dynamic and flexible architecture is necessary. This new type of system architecture is expected to meet future requirements in terms of space, cost, performance, energy efficiency and number of required computing units in the vehicle, which will arise as a result of the implementation/inclusion of new automated driving functionalities, and due to the changes in user expectations. Solutions to this issue can be found in the field of enterprise IT (cluster computing), in which technologies such as Ethernet, container-based virtualization and flexible software architectures have proven themselves to be very efficient for years. Relevant infrastructures, for example from cloud computing providers, have commonly been used in high-performance or high-availability applications. Thus, in the research project A 3F has been investigated which of these concepts and methods can be applied to modern vehicle system architectures. One of the main goals is to assess the synergy potential of the two sectors, information technology and automotive industry, which to date have very different orientations. However, this synergy is expected to grow strongly in the course of the developments mentioned above. In the following pages, the necessary changes related to hardware and software will be discussed briefly und will be compared to concepts and possible solutions from the IT world.}, language = {en} }