@article{ReijersWrightBreyetal., author = {Reijers, Wessel and Wright, David and Brey, Philip and Weber, Karsten and Rodrigues, Rowena and O'Sullivan, Declan and Gordijn, Bert}, title = {Methods for Practising Ethics in Research and Innovation}, series = {Science and Engineering Ethics}, volume = {24}, journal = {Science and Engineering Ethics}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1007/s11948-017-9961-8}, pages = {1437 -- 1481}, abstract = {This paper provides a systematic literature review, analysis and discussion of methods that are proposed to practise ethics in research and innovation (R\&I). Ethical considerations concerning the impacts of R\&I are increasingly important, due to the quickening pace of technological innovation and the ubiquitous use of the outcomes of R\&I processes in society. For this reason, several methods for practising ethics have been developed in different fields of R\&I. The paper first of all presents a systematic search of academic sources that present and discuss such methods. Secondly, it provides a categorisation of these methods according to three main kinds: (1) ex ante methods, dealing with emerging technologies, (2) intra methods, dealing with technology design, and (3) ex post methods, dealing with ethical analysis of existing technologies. Thirdly, it discusses the methods by considering problems in the way they deal with the uncertainty of technological change, ethical technology design, the identification, analysis and resolving of ethical impacts of technologies and stakeholder participation. The results and discussion of our literature review are valuable for gaining an overview of the state of the art and serve as an outline of a future research agenda of methods for practising ethics in R\&I.}, language = {en} } @incollection{ChristenGordijnWeberetal., author = {Christen, Markus and Gordijn, Bert and Weber, Karsten and van de Poel, Ibo and Yaghmaei, Emad}, title = {A review of value-conflicts in cybersecurity}, series = {Bezpieczeństwo informacyjne w wymiarze systemowym}, booktitle = {Bezpieczeństwo informacyjne w wymiarze systemowym}, editor = {Oleksiewicz, Izabela}, publisher = {Rambler Press}, address = {Warszawa}, pages = {67 -- 92}, abstract = {The growing complexity of the digital ecosystem in combination with increasing global risks has created the following dilemma. Overemphasizing cybersecurity may violate fundamental values like equality, fairness, freedom, or privacy but neglecting cybersecurity could undermine citizens' trust and confidence in the digital infrastructure as well as in policy makers and state authorities. In order to increase our understanding of this dilemma, this contribution aims to provide an overview on value conflicts in cybersecurity based on a systematic review on the ethical, legal and technological literature on cybersecurity. It shall be emphasized that a focus on the opposition of cybersecurity vs. privacy is insufficient for understanding the ethical complexity of cybersecurity.}, subject = {Computersicherheit}, language = {en} }