@article{GschossmannSchedelSuessetal., author = {Gschoßmann, Lukas and Schedel, Valentin and S{\"u}ß, Franz and Weber, Markus and Pfingsten, Andrea and Dendorfer, Sebastian}, title = {Comparing kinematic and kinetic demands on the knee joint during selected physiotherapy exercises and activities of daily living}, series = {Technology and health care ; Special issue: BIOMDLORE}, journal = {Technology and health care ; Special issue: BIOMDLORE}, publisher = {Sage}, doi = {10.1177/09287329251413413}, pages = {14}, abstract = {Background: The knee is one of the most common areas to suffer injuries or be affected by surgery. Physiotherapy rehabilitation was shown to support recovery, but evidence guiding optimal rehabilitation practices is limited. To recommend appropriate exercises, it is essential to understand the musculoskeletal requirements involved in both physiotherapy and activities of daily living (ADLs).ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate and compare the knee joint kinematics, joint forces and muscle activity in knee flexors and extensors during selected rehabilitation exercises and ADLs.MethodsKinematic and kinetic data from 30 healthy participants were collected during 20 different tasks. Full-body musculoskeletal simulations were performed to estimate peak knee joint angles, angular velocities, joint reaction forces, and muscle activity of the knee flexors and extensors.ResultsComparatively high requirements were observed for lunges, squats, stair walking and gait. Medium requirements were observed for sitting down and rising from a chair. Low requirements were observed for balance shifts and variations of the single leg stand.ConclusionOverall, ADLs like gait and stair walking show surprisingly high requirements compared to many exercises employed in physiotherapy. These findings are a step towards biomechanically informed exercise selection and the development of personalized rehabilitation programs.}, language = {en} } @article{GeldofKopačinStrausetal., author = {Geldof, Arne and Kopačin, Jan and Straus, Izidor and Kriegl, Raphael and Kravanja, Gaia and Hribar, Luka and Jezeršek, Matija and Shamonin, Mikhail and Kokot, Gašper and Drevenšek-Olenik, Irena}, title = {Transfer of Energy and Momentum Between Magnetoactive Surface Microstructure and a Solid Object}, series = {Advanced Engineering Materials}, volume = {28}, journal = {Advanced Engineering Materials}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.1002/adem.202502369}, pages = {9}, abstract = {Transport systems utilizing magnetic materials are very promising for applications that require contactless operation and compatibility with biological processes. A critical parameter in these systems is the efficiency of energy and momentum transfer between the transporting platform and the objects being transported. We investigate the physical mechanisms driving directional transport of solid objects by microlamellar structures laser-inscribed on the surface of a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE). When subjected to a rotating magnetic field with a magnitude of 175 mT and a time period of 0.4 s, the lamellas reorient within a few milliseconds, reaching angular velocities up to 1100 rad s-1. This rapid motion is crucial for efficient momentum and energy transfer to objects in contact with the lamellas. The analysis of collisions of a single lamella with a lead ball with a 2.2 mm diameter shows that the lamella can transfer around 50 nJ of energy, propelling the ball to a speed of around 35 mm s-1. We show how this value sets the upper limit for the ball's transport speed on microlamellar structures. We also explain the background of three distinct transport regimes (kicking, pushing, and bouncing modes) observed on these magnetically driven "conveyor belts".}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RiemannKlugChristetal., author = {Riemann, Janine and Klug, Katharina and Christ, Luisa and Stadler, Sebastian}, title = {Impact of Social Features on User Experience in Sport Tracking Applications}, series = {2025 11th International HCI and UX Conference in Indonesia (CHIuXiD), 05-06. December 2025, Bali, Indonesia}, booktitle = {2025 11th International HCI and UX Conference in Indonesia (CHIuXiD), 05-06. December 2025, Bali, Indonesia}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {979-8-3315-5572-6}, doi = {10.1109/CHIuXiD68326.2025.11323615}, pages = {25 -- 30}, abstract = {Sport-tracking applications can enhance physical activity but may also induce stress through social comparison. This study examines how social comparison features influence user experience (UX), focusing on motivation, stress, and mental well-being. A survey of 101 German sport-tracking app users assessed intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, perceived stress, self-efficacy, enjoyment, social comparison orientation, and UX. Results reveal that higher social comparison consistently lowers intrinsic motivation, raises extrinsic motivation, and increases stress levels, while positive UX boosts intrinsic motivation and enjoyment and indirectly buffers stress. In particular, users who frequently evaluate their performance against others reported greater pressure to perform, heightened frustration, and a stronger focus on external validation. integrating adaptive feedback, and offering customizable social elements. Overall, the study contributes to understanding how UX and motivational dynamics interact in digital health tools and provides guidance for developing psychologically informed, health-oriented app environments. Conversely, app designs prioritizing mastery and personal progress over competitive ran kings foster autonomy, competence, and relatedness, supporting mental health and long-term adherence. These findings highlight the ambivalent effects of social features and underscore the need for sport-tracking apps to minimize harmful comparisons and promote self-determined motivation through supportive, user-friendly features. Practical implications include designing for sustainable engagement and well-being rather than exclusive competition.}, language = {en} } @article{HaugCurrleWeber, author = {Haug, Sonja and Currle, Edda and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Acceptance of Medical History-Taking Supported by Artificial Intelligence and Chatbots: A Population-Based Survey in Germany}, series = {Healthcare}, volume = {14}, journal = {Healthcare}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/healthcare14070905}, pages = {21}, abstract = {Background/Objectives: Digital anamnesis tools, including chatbots, are increasingly being developed and evaluated, yet their implementation in German medical practices remains limited. This study examines the acceptance of medical history-taking assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) among the German population. The objective is to derive implications for integrating such systems into digitalization strategies of medical practices. Methods: This study is based on an online survey of the German population, aged between 18 and 74 years, conducted in two independent cross-sectional waves (trend design) in 2024 and 2025 with n = 1000 respondents in each year. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), three hypotheses regarding the use of AI in medical history-taking were developed and tested using linear regression models. Results: Both waves reveal a high acceptance level of AI-supported anamnesis systems for people aged between 18 and 74, regardless of whether a chatbot is used in medical practice (Scenario 1) or at home (Scenario 2). The latter received slightly less approval for the intention to use (mean intention scores: 3.50 and 3.45, range from 1.0 to 5.0) than Scenario 1 (3.59, 3.56). The indices of Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), and perceived Social Influence (SI) determine the intention to use a chatbot with the strongest correlation of the PE index (Scenario 1: ß =0.466, Scenario 2: ß = 0.475). Most respondents (73\% and 75\%) expressed a favorable opinion for digitally storing medical history data within their electronic health record (EHR). Conclusions: The findings suggest that gender- and age- specific differentiation—aside from considering the needs of older adults—may be less relevant for designing digitalization strategies than previously assumed. Instead, the focus of medical practices should lie on the practicability of the tool used. Despite currently low EHR utilization rates in Germany, medical practices may expect broad patient approval regarding the digital storage of medical history data.}, language = {en} } @book{StadlerMohrTeves, author = {Stadler, Anselm and Mohr, Christa and Teves, Stephanie}, title = {Educational Concept - Using VR applications in nursing education}, series = {VReduMED Handbook. for VR integration in care education, presenting the project toolkit, an educational concept and recommendations for its sustainable transfer}, journal = {VReduMED Handbook. for VR integration in care education, presenting the project toolkit, an educational concept and recommendations for its sustainable transfer}, publisher = {Interreg CENTRAL EUROPE}, pages = {68 -- 77}, abstract = {The following chapter provides teachers with clear guidance on key aspects to consider when introducing XR. It is structured into three main sections. First, the technical prerequisites and conditions are outlined, focusing on aspects that should be taken into account prior to procurement as well as during integration into everyday teaching practice. Building on this, organizational factors that are essential for successful implementation are examined. Finally, the didactic integration of XR is addressed, highlighting the aspects that are critical for effective educational use. The findings from the VReduMED project are complemented by insights from international studies on this topic.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmiedtBalakrishnanCramer, author = {Schmiedt, Anja B. and Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy and Cramer, Erhard}, title = {Generalized chi-squared based goodness-of-fit tests under progressive Type-II censoring for exponential and Weibull distributions}, series = {Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation}, journal = {Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, doi = {10.1080/03610918.2026.2625230}, pages = {29}, abstract = {We propose new goodness-of-fit tests for exponentiality based on progressively Type-II censored data. These tests utilize scale-invariant statistics obtained from the Mahalanobis norm of normalized order statistics, leading to three test statistics, corresponding to 𝐿2-, 𝐿1-, and 𝐿∞-norms of centered uniform spacings. Exact and asymptotic distributions of these statistics are presented. A power study evaluates the proposed tests against existing benchmarks across various alternative distributions and censoring plans, demonstrating superior performance in cases with small and moderate sample sizes. Furthermore, we extend the methodology to approximate goodness-of-fit tests for Weibull distributions via power transformation, ensuring robustness w.r.t. the approximated significance level under unknown shape parameters. An illustrative data example confirms the practical applicability of our tests. Our findings highlight the potential for further extending goodness-of-fit tests under progressive Type-II censoring to other null distributions.}, language = {en} } @article{ApelFellnerKempfetal., author = {Apel, Thomas and Fellner, Klemens and Kempf, Volker and Salcedo-Lagunero, Reymart and Zilk, Philipp}, title = {Lipolysis on Lipid Droplets: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Discretisations}, series = {Results in Mathematics}, volume = {81}, journal = {Results in Mathematics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1007/s00025-026-02639-y}, pages = {44}, abstract = {Lipolysis is a life-essential metabolic process, which supplies fatty acids stored in lipid droplets to the body in order to match the demands of building new cells and providing cellular energy. In this paper, we present a first mathematical modelling approach for lipolysis, which takes into account that the involved enzymes act on the surface of lipid droplets. We postulate an active region near the surface where the substrates are within reach of the surface-bound enzymes and formulate a system of reaction-diffusion PDEs, which connect the active region to the inner core of lipid droplets via interface conditions. We establish two numerical discretisations based on finite element method and isogeometric analysis, and validate them to perform reliably. Since numerical tests are best performed on non-zero explicit stationary state solutions, we introduce and analyse a model, which describes besides lipolysis also a reverse process (yet in a physiologically much oversimplified way). The system is not coercive such that establishing well-posedness is a non-standard task. We prove the unique existence of global and equilibrium solutions. We establish exponential convergence to the equilibrium solutions using the entropy method. We then study the stationary state model and compute explicitly for radially symmetric solutions. Concerning the finite element methods, we show numerically the linear and quadratic convergence of the errors with respect to the - and -norms, respectively. Finally, we present numerical simulations of a prototypical PDE model of lipolysis and illustrate that enzyme clustering on lipid droplets can significantly slow down lipolysis.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HoffmannDietrichMelzeretal., author = {Hoffmann, Tim and Dietrich, Florian and Melzer, Matthias and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan}, title = {A Code Generation Framework for Indoor Robot Applications Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM)}, series = {Automation, Robotics \& Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0: Proceedings of the 6th Winter IFSA Conference on Automation, Robotics \& Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0/6.0 (ARCI' 2026) 25-27 February 2026 Salzburg, Austria}, booktitle = {Automation, Robotics \& Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0: Proceedings of the 6th Winter IFSA Conference on Automation, Robotics \& Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0/6.0 (ARCI' 2026) 25-27 February 2026 Salzburg, Austria}, editor = {Yurish, Sergey Y.}, publisher = {IFSA}, isbn = {978-84-09-82030-6}, pages = {40 -- 44}, abstract = {We present BIM2Robot, a framework connecting the digital planning world (Building Information Modeling) with real-world robotics. The aim of the tools we developed is to convert building data from IFC building plans (Industry Foundation Classes) such that autonomous robots can use them for navigation and task planning. Conventional robotics systems rely on hard-coded maps or proprietary data. In the BIM2Robot framework, we generate a robot-compatible building model automatically from existing BIM data. This model describes rooms, walls, doors, and connections allowing robots to understand their environment, move around in it, and carry out useful missions. Besides the data transformation tools, our software framework comprises a graphical user interface which allows for interactive planning, path visualization and remote process control. The generated building model can be used directly by ROS-compliant robots or in robot simulation environments, forming a basis for navigation, perception, and interaction. The manual post-processing of the generated robot motion plans is supported at GUI- and also at code-level.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BachirWeikl, author = {Bachir, Hussein and Weikl, Simone}, title = {Identifying Cyclist Riding Styles Using Drone-Based Trajectory Data and Volatility Clustering in Free-Flow Traffic Conditions}, series = {2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 18-21. November 2025, Gold Coast, Australia}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 18-21. November 2025, Gold Coast, Australia}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {979-8-3315-2418-0}, doi = {10.1109/ITSC60802.2025.11423140}, pages = {233 -- 240}, abstract = {Cycling is increasingly promoted as a sustainable and healthy urban transportation mode. However, understanding cyclists' behavior remains underdeveloped compared to car drivers' behavior research. This paper proposes a two-level unsupervised clustering framework to identify cyclist riding styles in free flow conditions from drone-recorded trajectory data. The first level classifies local riding behavior at the timestamp level using riding volatility measures. The second level identifies overall cyclist behavior through clustering entropy measures, mean rotation fluctuation and surrounding traffic density at the trajectory level. The method was applied to a dataset of 284 trajectories and 100,000 data points from a 500-meter urban road segment in Munich, Germany and revealed two riding patterns on both levels: stable and volatile. The findings highlight the influence of road design clarity and behavioral variability and provide a foundation for cyclist-focused behavior and infrastructure analysis.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NorbisrathRossiJubehetal., author = {Norbisrath, Ulrich and Rossi, Bruno and Jubeh, Ruben and Heydarov, Araz}, title = {Multi-Stage Testing for Open Source IoT Frameworks}, series = {2025 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 5-8. October 2025, Vienna}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 5-8. October 2025, Vienna}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {979-8-3315-3358-8}, doi = {10.1109/SMC58881.2025.11343478}, pages = {4685 -- 4690}, abstract = {The Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly evolved, integrating networked intelligence into a web of things, servers, and cloudlets. Although there are various tools and approaches for software testing, the broader field of IoT testing presents unique challenges due to the heterogeneity of devices, large-scale deployments, dynamic environments, and real-time needs. This paper presents our approach to developing a multi-stage testing framework for the IoTempower framework, addressing the challenges of testing a versatile and evolving open-source Internet-of-Things framework used extensively in educational settings and beyond. The framework incorporates compilation testing, integration testing, and system testing with a focus on regression testing. This multi-stage testing approach allows us to validate the framework's functionality at various granularities, from the correct compilation of individual drivers to the seamless interaction of deployed hardware. This approach aims to proactively identify and prevent regressions, facilitating the integration of new features and enhancements without losing our scope of providing a real hands-on IoT experience in the classroom.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BarikRawatMannaetal., author = {Barik, Ranjan Kumar and Rawat, Vikram Singh and Manna, Subhrajit and Bandyopadhyay, Ayan Kumar and Hausladen, Matthias and Asgharzade, Ali and Schreiner, Rupert}, title = {On Chip Electron Gun Design Using Silicon Tip Field Emitter Array}, series = {2025 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON), 14-18. Dezember 2025, Kochi, India}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON), 14-18. Dezember 2025, Kochi, India}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {979-8-3315-3722-7}, doi = {10.1109/MAPCON65020.2025.11426578}, pages = {4}, abstract = {Silicon based silicon tip array emitter has developed at OTH Regensburg, Germany. This array emitter is the basis for development of a novel electron gun. This field emitter electron sources were fabricated using laser-micromachining technique followed by MEMS technology. In this work, the design and development of electron gun using complete silicon structure is reported. The goal of this work is to develop electron gun using less effort, easy and hassle free technique.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MichelKrenkel, author = {Michel, Johanna and Krenkel, Lars}, title = {Towards Experimental Validation of Models of Shear-Induced Aerosol Generation in the Human Respiratory System}, series = {New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics XV : Contributions to the 24th STAB/DGLR Symposium, Regensburg, Germany, 2024}, booktitle = {New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics XV : Contributions to the 24th STAB/DGLR Symposium, Regensburg, Germany, 2024}, editor = {Dillmann, Andreas and Heller, Gerd and Kr{\"a}mer, Ewald and Breitsamter, Christian and Wagner, Claus and Krenkel, Lars}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-032-11114-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-032-11115-9_13}, pages = {135 -- 144}, abstract = {Numerical modeling is a valuable tool to research shear-induced aerosol generation inside the human respiratory system. While the volume of fluid method and Eulerian wall film models have been used to predict the stripping of particles from the mucus film, sufficient validation data is lacking. Here, we present an experimental method to create such validation data. A film of mucus mimetic hydrogel with an initial thickness of 1 mm covering the floor of a rectangular channel (75.5 mm 25.5 mm 3 mm) was exposed to an airflow with a flow rate of 9.5 and 21.6 L/min. The number of created particles and the emergence of waves on the mucus surface were measured. Shear-induced aerosol generation was triggered successfully and caused an increase of mean particle flow. Different wave profiles were observed at varying film depths.}, language = {en} } @article{PointnerKranzWagneretal., author = {Pointner, Daniel and Kranz, Michael and Wagner, Maria Stella and Haus, Moritz and Lehle, Karla and Krenkel, Lars}, title = {Automated deep learning based detection of cellular deposits on clinically used ECMO membrane lungs}, series = {Frontiers in Bioinformatics}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioinformatics}, publisher = {Frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/fbinf.2026.1771574}, pages = {18}, abstract = {Introduction: Despite the promising application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the treatment of critically ill patients, coagulation-associated technical complications, primarily clot formation and critical bleeding, remain a major challenge during ECMO therapy. The deposition of nucleated cells on the surface has been shown, yet the role of these cells towards complication development is still matter of ongoing research. In particular, the membrane lung (MemL) is prone to clot formation. Therefore, the investigation of nuclear deposits on its hollow-fibers may provide insights for a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of ECMO complications. Methods: To support current research, this study aimed to develop a deep learning-based tool for the automated detection and quantitative analysis of nuclear depositions on MemL hollow-fiber mats. A customized fluorescence microscopy workflow, combined with a semi-automated iterative labeling strategy, was used to generate a high-quality dataset for model training. Results: Six configurations of instance segmentation models were evaluated, with a Mask R-CNN with ResNet 101 backbone using dilated convolution providing the most balanced performance in both nuclei count and area accuracy. Compared with U-Net-based approaches such as Cellpose or StarDist, the proposed model demonstrated superior segmentation of overlapping and low-intensity nuclei, maintaining accuracy even in densely packed cellular regions. Discussion: We present an automated image analysis tool for clinically used MemLs, which exhibit complex three-dimensional hollow-fiber architectures and irregular cellular deposits that challenge conventional tools. A dedicated graphical user interface enables streamlined detection, morphometric analysis, and spatial clustering of nuclei, establishing a reproducible workflow for high-throughput analysis of fluorescence microscopy images. This approach eliminates labor-intensive manual counting and facilitates large-scale studies on cell-fiber interactions and disease-related correlations.}, language = {en} } @misc{Poehlmann, author = {P{\"o}hlmann, Kendra}, title = {Bildung f{\"u}r Nachhaltige Entwicklung - Achtsamkeit als Future Skill}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-9016}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-90168}, pages = {1}, abstract = {Das Poster beleuchtet die Rolle von Achtsamkeit als zentrale Zukunftskompetenz im Kontext von Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE). Ausgangspunkt ist die Annahme, dass nachhaltige Transformation nicht allein durch Wissen {\"u}ber die Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) gelingt, sondern maßgeblich innere Kompetenzen erfordert, wie sie in den Inner Development Goals (IDGs) beschrieben werden. Achtsamkeit wird dabei als grundlegender Baustein von Selbst- und Reflexionskompetenz verstanden und bildet die Voraussetzung f{\"u}r F{\"a}higkeiten wie Perspektivenwechsel, Ambiguit{\"a}tstoleranz und verantwortungsvolles Handeln. Das Poster integriert verschiedene Kompetenzrahmen (Future Skills, IDGs, Rounder Sense of Purpose) und zeigt deren konzeptionelle Schnittmengen auf. Es argumentiert, dass Achtsamkeit nicht nur individuelle Entwicklung unterst{\"u}tzt, sondern als Hebel f{\"u}r kollektive Transformationsprozesse wirkt. F{\"u}r die Hochschullehre ergibt sich daraus die Implikation, Achtsamkeit systematisch in fachliche Kontexte zu integrieren, um Studierende zur aktiven Mitgestaltung nachhaltiger Entwicklung zu bef{\"a}higen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Poehlmann, author = {P{\"o}hlmann, Kendra}, title = {Diversity: Important, Fair, and Sustainable - But Often Overlooked in AI Applications}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-9015}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-90156}, pages = {1}, abstract = {In the era of digital transformation, the intersection of sustainability and AI has emerged as a critical area of research. My poster delves into the intricate relationship between these two domains, highlighting their potential to shape a more equitable and sustainable future. One significant facet of this is diversity. But diversity, as a vital component of the social dimension of sustainability, is frequently sidelined in the discourse surrounding digitalization and AI, despite its potential to synergize with these technologies in forging a fairer and more sustainable world. Digital solutions frequently lack inclusivity and emancipation, exacerbating disparities in access and opportunity. AI tools, likewise, often perpetuate bias and inequality by being trained on homogeneous datasets, overlooking factors such as gender, ability, and ethnicity. To address this oversight, it is imperative to incorporate diversity and sustainability education into the training of future IT specialists and AI engineers. Developing ethical awareness and the ability to critically reflect on biases within AI systems is essential to avoid reproducing biases and stereotypical thinking. This is why it is imperative to emphasizes the urgency of recognizing diversity as a key enabler of fairness and sustainability within the digital transformation landscape.}, language = {en} } @misc{Poehlmann, author = {P{\"o}hlmann, Kendra}, title = {Diversity: Important, fair, and sustainable - but often overlooked in AI applications}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-9017}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-90170}, pages = {18}, abstract = {In the era of digital transformation, the intersection of sustainability and AI has emerged as a critical area of research. My research delves into the intricate relationship between these two domains, highlighting their potential to shape a more equitable and sustainable future. One significant facet of this is diversity. But diversity, as a vital component of the social dimension of sustainability, is frequently sidelined in the discourse surrounding digitalization and AI, despite its potential to synergize with these technologies in forging a fairer and more sustainable world. Digital solutions frequently lack inclusivity and emancipation, exacerbating disparities in access and opportunity. AI tools, likewise, often perpetuate bias and inequality by being trained on homogeneous datasets, overlooking factors such as gender, ability, and ethnicity. To address this oversight, it is imperative to incorporate diversity and sustainability education into the training of future IT specialists and AI engineers. Developing ethical awareness and the ability to critically reflect on biases within AI systems is essential to avoid reproducing biases and stereotypical thinking. This is why my research emphasizes the urgency of recognizing diversity as a key enabler of fairness and sustainability within the digital transformation landscape.}, language = {en} } @misc{Poehlmann, author = {P{\"o}hlmann, Kendra}, title = {Research Based Spin-Offs: Understanding the specifics of Best Performers}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-9018}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-90181}, pages = {29}, abstract = {This presentation investigates the success factors of research-based spin-offs, with a particular focus on the differences between best and worst performers. Based on an empirical study of German spin-offs originating from public research institutions, key influencing factors such as team size, degree of innovation, market conditions, and the role of the parent organization are analyzed. The findings indicate that spin-off success is shaped by a combination of entrepreneurial, technological, and contextual factors, and varies depending on the applied performance measure (e.g., growth, financial performance, or technological output). The study provides nuanced insights into the mechanisms of successful knowledge and technology transfer and derives implications for both research institutions and founders.}, language = {en} } @misc{Poehlmann, author = {P{\"o}hlmann, Kendra}, title = {Similarities and Differences of Research-based and Corporate Spin-offs: Theoretical Thoughts, Research Design and Expected Implications}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-9019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-90198}, pages = {26}, abstract = {This presentation explores the similarities and differences between research-based spin-offs and corporate spin-offs, addressing a key gap in the entrepreneurship and innovation literature. While both types of ventures aim at commercializing knowledge and generating economic value, they emerge from distinct institutional contexts and may therefore rely on different success factors. Building on existing research on research-based spin-offs, the study develops a comparative conceptual framework that integrates perspectives from the resource-based view and industrial economics. It examines dimensions such as founder characteristics, motivation structures, knowledge bases, and relationships with parent organizations. The proposed research design aims to systematically contrast both spin-off types and assess the transferability of established success factors. The paper contributes to a more differentiated understanding of spin-off heterogeneity and derives implications for improving commercialization processes in both academic and corporate contexts.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Bachl, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Bachl, Hannes}, title = {Initial 5G synchronisation using a time-domain correlator}, address = {Regensburg}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-8904}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-89048}, school = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {x, 63, XXI}, abstract = {The following Bachelor's thesis explores the implementation of a fre- quency correlator in the time-domain as required for the initial synchro- nisation in 5G mobile networks. Exact time domain synchronisation is required for modern mobile networks to allow reconstruction of the em- ployed physical modulations schemes without producing excessive amounts of interference. This is the first step in the discovery process of mobile radio cells. Initial the theoretical foundations of time synchronisation mechanisms as used in 5G networks are explored, including the physical modulation schemes employed. The different implementations of the synchronisa- tion algorithms are considered and a single algorithm is chosen for im- plementation. The chosen algorithm is then implemented and the implementation and findings are discussed. The hardware basis for the implementation is a Xilinx RFSoC, a high speed FPGA with associated analog-to-digital con- verts designed for RF signal processing. Finally there will be a discussion of possible optimisations and problems encountered during implementation.}, language = {en} } @article{StengleinAppelt, author = {Stenglein, Anna and Appelt, Andreas}, title = {Einsatz der Thermographie als Steuerungsinstrument im Asphaltbau - Erkenntnisse aus Erprobungsstrecken mit temperaturabgesenktem Asphalt}, series = {Straße und Autobahn}, volume = {77}, journal = {Straße und Autobahn}, number = {3}, publisher = {Kirschbaum Verlag GmbH}, doi = {10.53184/STA3-2026-3}, pages = {182 -- 191}, abstract = {Die Sicherstellung homogener Einbautemperaturen ist eine zentrale Voraussetzung f{\"u}r eine dauerhafte Asphaltbefestigung. Dieser Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse aus der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung zweier Erprobungsstrecken zum Einsatz von temperaturabgesenktem Walzasphalt vor. Mithilfe von Thermoscannern wurden die Oberfl{\"a}chentemperaturen des eingebauten Mischguts fl{\"a}chendeckend erfasst und georeferenziert ausgewertet. Die Analyse zeigt, dass insbesondere Lkw-Wechselstellen, Fertigerstillst{\"a}nde und komplexe Einbausituationen zu ausgepr{\"a}gten Temperaturgradienten f{\"u}hren. Bei temperaturabgesenkten Asphalten wirkt sich dies aufgrund des eingeschr{\"a}nkten Verdichtungszeitfensters besonders kritisch aus. Die Untersuchungen verdeutlichen, dass Thermoscans {\"u}ber ihre dokumentierende Funktion hinaus als wirksames Instrument der bauprozessintegrierten Qualit{\"a}tskontrolle eingesetzt werden k{\"o}nnen. Sie unterst{\"u}tzen die Ausf{\"u}hrung, indem thermisch bedingte Schwachstellen fr{\"u}hzeitig erkannt und gezielte Anpassungen im Bauprozess erm{\"o}glicht werden. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden die Abschiebetechnik und ihre Eignung als Alternative zur Kipptechnik mit Beschicker hinsichtlich Temperaturhomogenit{\"a}t und logistischer Randbedingungen bewertet.}, language = {de} } @unpublished{GaubeJussupowKokjeetal., author = {Gaube, Susanne and Jussupow, Ekaterina and Kokje, Eesha and Khan, Jowaria and Bondi-Kelly, Elizabeth and Schicho, Andreas and Kitamura, Felipe Campos and Koch, Timo Kevin and Ezer, Timur and Mottok, J{\"u}rgen and Lermer, Eva and Ghassemi, Marzyeh and Colak, Errol}, title = {Examining Reliance Patterns on AI Advice in Medical Imaging: a Mixed-Methods Randomized Crossover Experiment}, doi = {10.31219/osf.io/4wv8j_v3}, pages = {20}, abstract = {Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant potential to support diagnostic decision-making; however, evidence regarding its clinical utility remains mixed. Often, the collaboration between clinicians and AI systems does not surpass the individual performance of unaided humans or standalone AI. Yet, currently, the mechanisms that limit human-AI synergy are poorly understood. This study examined the impact of AI advice on diagnostic decision-making among experts and novices, focusing on reliance patterns. Methods: We used a mixed-methods crossover experimental design with a think-aloud and an eye-tracking study arm. Participants were 50 task experts (radiologists) and 75 novices (non-radiologist physicians and medical trainees) from 10 countries. They reviewed 50 head CT scans and every case was examined in three time-separate sessions in randomized order. In each session, participants were exposed to different experimental conditions: (a) control, no AI prediction; (b) basic advice, AI prediction without annotations; and (c) XAI advice, AI prediction with scan annotations. For each case, participants had to determine if the patients had an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The main outcomes were diagnostic performance, confidence in the diagnosis, case reading time, and AI advice usefulness ratings. Findings: Both overreliance on incorrect advice and underreliance on correct advice occurred. Underreliance was associated with high uncertainty and, in absolute terms, had a more detrimental impact on diagnostic performance than overreliance. Correct XAI advice reduced underreliance, improved performance (OR=1·84, p<0·0001), and confidence (b=0·15, p<0·0001), particularly when reviewing more difficult cases with ICH. Surprisingly, correct XAI did not reduce reading time (b=1·81, p=0·0713). XAI was perceived as more useful than basic AI advice (b=0·12, p=0·0029), especially among novices. Interpretation: The occurrence of both under- and overreliance highlights the need for efficient counterstrategies beyond classic XAI methods to foster appropriate reliance and synergy.}, language = {en} }