@article{HuIturraldeLinneretal., author = {Hu, Rongbo and Iturralde, Kepa and Linner, Thomas and Zhao, Charlie and Pan, Wen and Pracucci, Alessandro and Bock, Thomas}, title = {A Simple Framework for the Cost-Benefit Analysis of Single-Task Construction Robots Based on a Case Study of a Cable-Driven Facade Installation Robot}, series = {Buildings, Architecture: Integration of Art and Engineering}, volume = {11}, journal = {Buildings, Architecture: Integration of Art and Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/buildings11010008}, pages = {1 -- 8}, abstract = {Single-task construction robots (STCRs) have become a popular research topic for decades. However, there is still a gap in the ubiquitous application of STCRs for onsite construction due to various reasons, such as cost concerns. Therefore, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can be used to measure the net economic benefit of the STCRs, compared to traditional construction methods, in order to boost the implementation of STCRs. This paper presents a simple and practical framework for the economic evaluation of STCRs and conducts a case study of a cable-driven facade installation robot to verify the method. The results show that the cable-driven robot for facade installation is worth investing in in the UK, as well as in the majority of G20 countries. Furthermore, other socioenvironmental implications of STCRs and the limitations of the study are also discussed. In conclusion, the proposed method is highly adaptable and reproducible. Therefore, researchers, engineers, investors, and policy makers can easily follow and customize this method to assess the economic advantages of any STCR systems, compared to traditional construction technologies.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HuLinnerWangetal., author = {Hu, Rongbo and Linner, Thomas and Wang, Suting and Cheng, Wenting and Liu, Xiaolong and G{\"u}ttler, J{\"o}rg and Zhao, Charlie and Lu, Yuan and Bock, Thomas}, title = {Towards a Distributed Intelligent Home Based on Smart Furniture for China's Aging Population}, series = {Proceedings of the 38th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC): 02.11.2021 - 04.11.2021, Dubai, United Arab Emirates}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC): 02.11.2021 - 04.11.2021, Dubai, United Arab Emirates}, editor = {Feng, Chen and Linner, Thomas and Brilakis, Ioannis}, publisher = {International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC)}, isbn = {978-952-69524-1-3}, doi = {10.22260/ISARC2021/0008}, pages = {41 -- 48}, abstract = {Population aging is one of the major challenges facing the world. In particular, the advent of China's aging society caused by various factors will be a major threat to its future development. Therefore, serious measures need to be taken to achieve its demographic sustainability. Smart furniture can be considered as a novel subcategory of gerontechnology. One of the main outcomes of the EU-funded REACH project was a variety of smart furniture named Personalized Intelligent Interior Units (PI2Us) which served as the key component of a distributed intelligent home to promote the health and activity level of older adults. This outcome can potentially be a solution to mitigate the consequences caused by population aging. In order to understand the attitudes and opinions of Chinese older adults towards the relevant technologies, the authors conducted an opinion survey using the PI2Us as an example, which sampled more than 380 older adults in 26 out of 34 provincial-level administrative divisions of China. The survey showed that Chinese older adults in general have a highly positive attitude towards smart furniture and smart home technologies. Several other insights also can be revealed from the survey. Based on further analyses, the paper summarized why the elderly-oriented smart furniture and distributed intelligent home has the potential to thrive in China's market soon. Finally, a three-year project action plan for implementing localized solutions in cooperation with a large Chinese furniture manufacturer was presented.}, language = {en} } @article{CheahBockCaoetal., author = {Cheah, Chien Chern and Bock, Thomas and Cao, Jianfu and Linner, Thomas and Liu, Yun-Hui and Yamashita, Atsushi and Yang, Liman}, title = {Guest Editorial Introduction to the Focused Section on Mechatronics and Automation for Constructions}, series = {IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics}, volume = {26}, journal = {IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics}, number = {6}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/TMECH.2021.3127237}, pages = {2819 -- 2825}, abstract = {Rapid advances in modern technologies have completely revolutionized many industries in recent years. It is anticipated that mechatronic and automation technologies would play an important role in transforming the construction industry to embrace for the fourth industrial revolution. However, construction automation problems bring up new research challenges that diverge from traditional methods. Unlike the factory environment, which is typically structured and predictable, construction sites are dynamic places where the working environment is unstructured and always changing. Due to lack of skilled labor, time and cost overruns, quality deficiencies, and the recent pandemics, mechatronic and automation technologies offer solutions for future safe, rapid, performative, prize worthy, and digitally protocolled construction projects. The coexistence of human workers, heavy vehicles, varying environmental conditions, and automated mechatronic systems also make safe human-machine interaction an important issue. Beyond expertise in a specific discipline, construction automation also requires multidisciplinary expertise to integrate with various fields, such as Internet of Things (IOT), robotics and its construction oriented subsystems, adaptive/robust control, machine vision, sensing technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), and building/construction/process information modeling (BIM/CIM/PIM) for automated construction process management and design. The main aims of this focused section in the IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics (TMECH) are to document the current state of the art in mechatronics and automation for constructions, and to present new results in several emerging research areas.}, language = {en} } @article{PitFiskFreihautetal., author = {Pit, Sabrina and Fisk, Malcolm and Freihaut, Winona and Akintunde, Fashola and Aloko, Bamidele and Berge, Britta and Burmeister, Anne and Ciac{\^a}ru, Adriana and Deller, J{\"u}rgen and Dulmage, Rae and Han, Tae Hwa and Hao, Qiang and Honeyman, Peter and Huber, Peter C. and Linner, Thomas and Lundberg, Stefan and Nwamara, Mofoluwaso and Punpuing, Kamolpun and Schramm, Jennifer and Yamada, Hajime and Yap, Jason C. H.}, title = {COVID-19 and the ageing workforce: global perspectives on needs and solutions across 15 countries}, series = {International Journal for Equity in Health volume}, volume = {20}, journal = {International Journal for Equity in Health volume}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1186/s12939-021-01552-w}, pages = {1 -- 22}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has a direct impact on the employment of older people. This adds to the challenge of ageism. The World Health Organization has started a worldwide campaign to combat ageism and has called for more research and evidence-based strategies that have the potential to be scaled up. This study specifically aims to identify solutions to combat the adverse effects of COVID-19 on the global ageing workforce. METHODS: We present 15 case studies from different countries and report on what those countries are doing or not doing to address the impact of COVID-19 on ageing workers. RESULTS: We provide examples of how COVID-19 influences older people's ability to work and stay healthy, and offer case studies of what governments, organizations or individuals can do to help ensure older people can obtain, maintain and, potentially, expand their current work. Case studies come from Australia, Austria, Canada, China, Germany, Israel, Japan, Nigeria, Romania, Singapore, Sweden, South Korea, Thailand, United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US). Across the countries, the impact of COVID-19 on older workers is shown as widening inequalities. A particular challenge has arisen because of a large proportion of older people, often with limited education and working in the informal sector within rural areas, e.g. in Nigeria, Thailand and China. Remedies to the particular disadvantage experienced by older workers in the context of COVID are presented. These range from funding support to encouraging business continuity, innovative product and service developments, community action, new business models and localized, national and international actions. The case studies can be seen as frequently fitting within strategies that have been proven to work in reducing ageism within the workplace. They include policy and laws that have increased benefits to workers during lockdowns (most countries); educational activities such as coaching seniorpreneurship (e,g, Australia); intergenerational contact interventions such as younger Thai people who moved back to rural areas and sharing their digital knowledge with older people and where older people reciprocate by teaching the younger people farming knowledge. CONCLUSION: Global sharing of this knowledge among international, national and local governments and organizations, businesses, policy makers and health and human resources experts will further understanding of the issues that are faced by older workers. This will facilitate the replication or scalability of solutions as called for in the WHO call to combat ageism in 2021. We suggest that policy makers, business owners, researchers and international organisations build on the case studies by investing in evidence-based strategies to create inclusive workplaces. Such action will thus help to challenge ageism, reduce inequity, improve business continuity and add to the quality of life of older workers.}, language = {en} } @incollection{ZilchNiedermeierFinckh, author = {Zilch, Konrad and Niedermeier, Roland and Finckh, Wolfgang}, title = {Geklebte Verst{\"a}rkung mit CFK-Lamellen und Stahllaschen}, series = {Beton-Kalender 2021}, booktitle = {Beton-Kalender 2021}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-433-03301-2}, doi = {10.1002/9783433610206.ch12}, pages = {1008 -- 1105}, subject = {Lamelle}, language = {de} } @incollection{FinckhQuantz, author = {Finckh, Wolfgang and Quantz, Hilmar}, title = {Ver{\"a}nderung der Tragstrukturen von historischen Mauerwerksgew{\"o}lben am Beispiel der Erschließung Wilhelmsburg in Ulm}, series = {Mauerwerk-Kalender}, booktitle = {Mauerwerk-Kalender}, publisher = {Ernst\&Sohn, a Wiley brand}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-433-03293-0}, doi = {10.1002/9783433610732.ch5}, pages = {163 -- 195}, abstract = {Im Rahmen der horizontalen und vertikalen Erschließung der denkmalgesch{\"u}tzten Wilhelmsburg als Teil der Ulmer Bundesfestung waren erhebliche Eingriffe in die historische Gew{\"o}lbetragstruktur erforderlich. Hierbei mussten die Kr{\"a}fte aus den in sich kurzgeschlossenen Gew{\"o}lbereihen aus gebrochenem Kalksteinmauerwerk umgelagert bzw. umgeleitet werden. In dem Beitrag werden Vorgehensweise, Planung, Berechnungsmethodik und Ausf{\"u}hrung sowie die Besonderheiten bez{\"u}glich der Gestaltungsanforderungen unter Denkmalschutz erl{\"a}utert. Insbesondere wird auf die Berechnungen und Ausf{\"u}hrungen der hier relevanten Bauzust{\"a}nde eingegangen. Auch die spezielleren Anforderungen an die Gr{\"u}ndung der neuen eingebauten Bauteile mit hohen Lasten werden vertieft.}, subject = {Gew{\"o}lbe}, language = {de} } @article{TeranGilmoreRoeslinTapiaHernandezetal., author = {Ter{\´a}n-Gilmore, Amador and Roeslin, Samuel and Tapia-Hern{\´a}ndez, Edgar and Cuadros-Hip{\´o}lito, Edgar}, title = {Displacement-based design of tall earthquake-resistant diagrid systems}, series = {Journal of Building Engineering}, volume = {35}, journal = {Journal of Building Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102022}, abstract = {In recent years, the system known as diagrid (diagonal grid) has been used in several tall buildings around the world. Despite the large advantages that the innovative structural system represents in terms of sustainability, its use has not been sufficiently studied for high seismicity zones. This paper develops a displacement-based methodology for the conception and preliminary performance-based seismic design of perimeter diagrid systems. The methodology applies to tall buildings, whose dynamic response is significantly influenced by global flexural drift deformations. The methodology is exemplified by the preliminary design of a 24-story building located in the soft soil condition of Mexico City. The paper provides some detailed background behind the performance-based design and highlights the benefit of simple, reasonable, and safe structural estimations in terms of the monetary and environmental cost. It is concluded first, that the proposed methodology yields diagonal grid systems that adequately satisfy predefined deterministic performance levels; and second, that a perimeter diagonal grid system is an attractive structural option for tall buildings located in high seismicity zones.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Schermer, author = {Schermer, Detleff}, title = {Bemessung von Mauerwerk}, series = {Handbuch f{\"u}r Bauingenieure}, volume = {6}, booktitle = {Handbuch f{\"u}r Bauingenieure}, editor = {Zilch, Konrad and Diederichs, Claus J{\"u}rgen and Beckmann, Klaus J. and Gertz, Carsten and Malkwitz, Alexander and Moormann, Christian and Urban, Wilhelm and Valentin, Franz}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-21749-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-21749-5_66-1}, pages = {1 -- 31}, abstract = {Die Bemessung von Mauerwerk deckt neben der Tragf{\"a}higkeit auch den Nachweis der Gebrauchstauglichkeit ab. Im Beitrag werden die Grundanforderungen und Hintergr{\"u}nde der Bemessung von Mauerwerk dargelegt und die L{\"o}sungen nach den aktuellen Vorschriften von Eurocode 6 und dem Nationalen Anhang erl{\"a}utert.}, language = {de} } @incollection{LlanoTorreSernaCavalaroetal., author = {Llano-Torre, Aitor and Serna, Pedro and Cavalaro, Sergio H. P. and Buratti, Nicola and Bernard, E. Stefan and Boshoff, William P. and Zerbino, Ra{\´u}l L. and Pauwels, Hans and Kusterle, Wolfgang and Garcia-Taengua, Emilio and Vrijdaghs, Rutger and del Prete, Clementina and dos Santos, Karyne F. and Parmentier, Beno{\^i}t and Mazzotti, Claudio}, title = {Statements and Conclusions}, series = {Round-Robin Test on Creep Behaviour in Cracked Sections of FRC: Experimental Program, Results and Database Analysis}, booktitle = {Round-Robin Test on Creep Behaviour in Cracked Sections of FRC: Experimental Program, Results and Database Analysis}, editor = {Llano-Torre, Aitor and Serna, Pedro}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-72735-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-72736-9_9}, pages = {209 -- 220}, abstract = {A round-robin test (RRT) on creep behaviour in cracked section of fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) was realised with the participation of 19 international laboratories from 22 institutions. The same concrete matrix was used to design two different FRC mixes with steel (SFRC) and macro-synthetic (SyFRC) fibres and to produce 451 FRC specimens. The use of 124 specimens for creep tests for one year following four main methodologies provided a huge database with more than 15,000 data. The main statements and conclusions derived from the RRT database analysis are summarised in this section. Note that the conclusions derived from this RRT are limited to the ranges of parameters, procedures and variables considered here and should not be extrapolated to other cases.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LlanoTorreSernaCavalaroetal., author = {Llano-Torre, Aitor and Serna, Pedro and Cavalaro, Sergio H. P. and Buratti, Nicola and Stefan Bernard, E. and Boshoff, William P. and Zerbino, Ra{\´u}l L. and Pauwels, Hans and Kusterle, Wolfgang and Garcia-Taengua, Emilio and Vrijdaghs, Rutger and del Prete, Clementina and dos Santos, Karyne F. and Parmentier, Beno{\^i}t and Mazzotti, Claudio}, title = {Introduction and Background}, series = {Round-Robin Test on Creep Behaviour in Cracked Sections of FRC: Experimental Program, Results and Database Analysis}, booktitle = {Round-Robin Test on Creep Behaviour in Cracked Sections of FRC: Experimental Program, Results and Database Analysis}, editor = {Llano-Torre, Aitor and Serna, Pedro}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-72735-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-72736-9_1}, pages = {1 -- 10}, abstract = {The absence of a standardised methodology to evaluate creep in the cracked state of fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) hindered general comparisons and conclusions that could lead to significant advances in this topic. A coordinated effort was required to improve the knowledge on long-term behaviour of cracked FRC sections and assess the different testing methodologies available. The RILEM Technical Committee 261-CCF launched in 2015 the round-robin test (RRT) on creep behaviour in cracked sections of FRC program. This chapter includes the introduction and background to understand the realisation of this RRT. The main objectives as well as the limitations of the scope of the RRT are explained. The structure of the book is presented to provide a first overview of the book content. Finally, information about institutions involved as well as geographic distribution of RRT participants and number of specimens tested in the RRT is provided.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LlanoTorreSernaGarciaTaenguaetal., author = {Llano-Torre, Aitor and Serna, Pedro and Garcia-Taengua, Emilio and Vrijdaghs, Rutger and Pauwels, Hans and del Prete, Clementina and Buratti, Nicola and Zerbino, Ra{\´u}l L. and Kusterle, Wolfgang and Stefan Bernard, E.}, title = {Analysis of the RRT Results}, series = {Round-Robin Test on Creep Behaviour in Cracked Sections of FRC: Experimental Program, Results and Database Analysis}, volume = {34}, booktitle = {Round-Robin Test on Creep Behaviour in Cracked Sections of FRC: Experimental Program, Results and Database Analysis}, editor = {Llano-Torre, Aitor and Serna, Pedro}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-72735-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-72736-9_8}, pages = {147 -- 207}, abstract = {The analysis of the results of the round-robin test (RRT) comprised many steps. The variation of the main variables such as the number of samples tested, environmental conditions, pre-crack level or creep index and mechanical performance were analysed among all the RRT participants. In addition, the main methodologies were independently analysed to search significances between the participant procedures. Analysis of the described procedures, test setups and equipment provided relevant information about such existent differences between participants in terms such as load configuration, boundary conditions or frames construction. The creep coefficient and crack opening rate (COR) parameters were defined and analysed. The complementary data number of fibres in the cross section was analysed to assess the influence in the long-term residual performance. Finally, the correlation between different fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) specimens as well as the influence of ageing of concrete matrix were analysed.}, language = {en} } @article{SchermerNaglerSchwabe, author = {Schermer, Detleff and Nagler, Florian and Schwabe, Almut}, title = {Arch{\"a}ologisches Haus am Petriplatz - massive Außenwandkonstruktion}, series = {Mauerwerk}, volume = {25}, journal = {Mauerwerk}, number = {4}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn, a Wiley Brand}, issn = {1437-1022}, doi = {10.1002/dama.202100010}, pages = {151 -- 155}, abstract = {Petriplatz in Berlin is one of the earliest settlement sites in Berlin dating back to the 12th century. The Archaeological House is currently being built in this area on behalf of the Berlin Senate, which will integrate the finds associated with the site and make them directly accessible to visitors. The above-ground floors will serve as archaeological workshops and collection rooms and will feature a lecture hall. The chosen construction of the seven-storey building adapts to the local boundary conditions: Thus, the foundation is made on piles to minimize the intervention in the site and at the same time to create elements for geothermal energy. The static function as well as the fire protection requirements and the protection against external noise made it necessary to design the supporting structure-solidly in reinforced concrete. As a quasi-monolithic exterior wall structure in the standard area, a new system was developed by means of a load-bearing reinforced concrete inner shell and non-load-bearing infill of highly heat-insulating plane clay brick masonry. In addition to load transfer, particular -attention had to be paid to the issues of crack resistance, -execution and the interaction of concrete and masonry.}, language = {de} } @article{SakoparnigGalanSteindletal., author = {Sakoparnig, Marlene and Galan, Isabel and Steindl, Florian Roman and Kusterle, Wolfgang and Juhart, Joachim and Grengg, Cyrill and Briendl, Lukas G. and Saxer, Andreas and Thumann, Maria and Mittermayr, Florian}, title = {Durability of clinker reduced shotcrete: Ca2+ leaching, sintering, carbonation and chloride penetration}, series = {Materials and structures}, volume = {54}, journal = {Materials and structures}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1617/s11527-021-01644-7}, pages = {1 -- 23}, abstract = {The reduction of clinker use is mandatory to lower the negative environmental impact of concrete. In shotcrete mixes, similarly to the case of conventional concrete, the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and proper mix design allow for the substitution of clinker without compromising the mechanical properties. However, the impact of the substitution on the durability of shotcrete needs to be further assessed and understood. The results from the present study, obtained from real-scale sprayed concrete applications, show a reduction of the Ca2+ leaching and sintering potential of clinker-reduced shotcrete mixes due to the presence of SCMs. This positive effect, crucial for low maintenance costs of tunnels, is mainly related to a reduced portlandite content, which on the other hand negatively affects the carbonation resistance of shotcrete. Additionally, the hydration of SCMs positively influences the chloride penetration resistance presumably due to a combination of microstructural changes and changes in the chloride binding capacity. Differences found in the pore size distribution of the various mixes have low impact on the determined durability parameters, in particular compared to the effect of inhomogeneities produced during shotcrete application.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OrcesiBastidasArteagaMarkogiannakietal., author = {Orcesi, Andre and Bastidas-Arteaga, Emilio and Markogiannaki, Olga and Li, Yue and Schoefs, Franck and Ballester, Jorge and O'Connor, Alan and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Imam, Boulent and Pregnolato, Maria and Stewart, Mark and Ryan, Paraic and Diamantidis, Dimitris and Wu, Teng and Schmidt, Franziska and Kreislov{\´a}, Kateřina and Salman, Abdullahi M.}, title = {Investigating the effects of climate change on structural resistance and actions}, series = {IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021, Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs: 22.02.2021 - 24.02.2021, Ghent, Belgium}, booktitle = {IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021, Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs: 22.02.2021 - 24.02.2021, Ghent, Belgium}, publisher = {International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE)}, address = {Z{\"u}rich}, doi = {10.2749/ghent.2021.0974}, pages = {974 -- 985}, abstract = {One major issue when considering the effects of climate change is to understand, qualify and quantify how natural hazards and the changing climate will likely impact infrastructure assets and services as it strongly depends on current and future climate variability, location, asset design life, function and condition. So far, there is no well-defined and agreed performance indicator that isolates the effects of climate change for structures. Rather, one can mention some key considerations on how climate change may produce changes of vulnerability due to physical and chemical actions affecting structural durability or changes of the exposure in terms of intensity/frequency of extreme events. This paper considers these two aspects and associated challenges, considering some recent activities of members of the IABSE TG6.1.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{CroceDiamantidisSykora, author = {Croce, Valeria and Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Planning post earthquake surveys: assessments and reconstruction of small historical centres}, series = {1st IABSE Online Symposium 2020, Synergy of culture and civil engineering - history and challenges: Wrocław, Poland, 7-9 October 2020, Proceedings}, booktitle = {1st IABSE Online Symposium 2020, Synergy of culture and civil engineering - history and challenges: Wrocław, Poland, 7-9 October 2020, Proceedings}, editor = {Bien, Jan}, publisher = {Curran Associates Inc}, address = {Red Hook, NY}, isbn = {978-1-7138-2387-2}, pages = {332 -- 339}, abstract = {The contribution presents a methodological procedure for the management and planning of interventions after earthquake events in small historic centres. Reference is made to the case study of Castelluccio di Norcia, a village in the Apennine Mountains affected by the seismic sequence that hit Central Italy in 2016. The earthquake risk of the area and the damaging events of 2016 are critically reviewed. The implementation of cognitive analysis and the application of advanced survey techniques involving the use of nmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the purposes of emergency management and monitoring of damaged areas are analysed. The outcomes, combined with the direct involvement of the local population, represent a complete and integrated approach allowing the definition of a) possible intervention strategies, b) related decision criteria and c) practical recommendations for the reconstruction and regeneration of Castelluccio, and, in general, of small historic centres damaged by catastrophic events.}, language = {en} } @techreport{NeidhartLerchWiesingeretal., author = {Neidhart, Thomas and Lerch, Maximilian and Wiesinger, Doris and Zrenner, Louis}, title = {Kompakte {\"U}bertragungsleitungen f{\"u}r hohe Gleichspannungen: Langzeituntersuchungen an einer erdverlegten Versuchsanlage}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-2173}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-21730}, pages = {62, 58}, abstract = {Durch den Ausstieg aus der Verstromung fossiler Energietr{\"a}ger und der daraus resultierenden dezentralen Stromerzeugung ist ein Aus- bzw. Umbau des deutschen {\"U}bertragungsnetzes erforderlich. Weil aus der dezentralen Energieerzeugung große Trassenl{\"a}ngen resultieren, welche bei Wechselstrom zu Blindleistungsproblematiken f{\"u}hren, wird dort vermehrt auf Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-{\"U}bertragung zur{\"u}ckgegriffen. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts DC CTL DBI (direct current compact transmission line - directly buried investigastions) wurde ein gasisolierte HG{\"U}-Leiter (GIL) erdverlegt und bei st{\"a}ndigem Monitoring {\"u}ber umfangreiche Sensorik einem Langzeitversuch unterzogen. Anstelle einer klassischen Sandbettung kam ein zeitweise fließf{\"a}higer, selbstverdichtender Verf{\"u}llbaustoff (ZFSV) zum Einsatz. Somit k{\"o}nnen Sch{\"a}den an der {\"U}bertragungsleitung infolge Verdichtungsaufwand vermieden und gleichzeitig bessere Bodeneigenschaften hinsichtlich der W{\"a}rme- und Wassertransportprozesse erreicht werden.}, language = {de} } @article{GoemmelNeidhart, author = {G{\"o}mmel, Roland and Neidhart, Thomas}, title = {Nachweis gegen Grundbruch bei Fundamenten auf Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen}, series = {Konstruktiver Ingenieurbau}, journal = {Konstruktiver Ingenieurbau}, number = {3}, publisher = {Reguvis Fachmedien}, issn = {2509-2847}, pages = {5 -- 11}, abstract = {Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen sind hydraulisch abgebundene und unbewehrte, schlanke, pfahlartige Tragglieder, welche in der Praxis zunehmend als {\"o}konomische Alternative zu Tieferf{\"u}hrungen, Pfahlgr{\"u}ndungen oder Bodenaustauschmaßnahmen eingesetzt werden. Bei der Anwendung von Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen sind grunds{\"a}tzlich zwei wesentliche Einsatzzwecke zu unterscheiden: Ableitung oberfl{\"a}chlicher Lasten in tieferliegende tragf{\"a}higere Schichten (Setzungsreduktion) vs. Erh{\"o}hung der Gesamtstandsicherheit (B{\"o}schungsbruch, Grundbruch). In beiden F{\"a}llen ist jedoch eine eingehende Ber{\"u}cksichtigung des Lastabtragungsverhaltens und der Interaktion zwischen Boden und Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen erforderlich. Aufgrund der im Vergleich zu konventionellen Pf{\"a}hlen geringeren Durchmesser sowie der fehlenden Bewehrung versagen die Tragglieder bereits bei geringen Querbeanspruchungen. Die beim Verlust der Gesamtstandsicherheit auftretenden Versagensmechanismen der Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen werden nicht durch die in den bestehenden Normen getroffenen Annahmen abgedeckt, wodurch in der Praxis verbreitete Ans{\"a}tze, wie z. B. die Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen {\"u}ber „verschmierte Bodenparameter" den Beitrag der Tragglieder zumeist deutlich {\"u}bersch{\"a}tzen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Wirkungsweise von Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen bei axialer und lateraler Beanspruchung erl{\"a}utert und anschließend ein praxisnaher Ansatz aufgezeigt, wie Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen beim Nachweis gegen Grundbruch eines Streifenfundaments ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{GoemmelNeidhartRackwitz, author = {G{\"o}mmel, Roland and Neidhart, Thomas and Rackwitz, Frank}, title = {Ein Ansatz zur Ber{\"u}cksichtigung pfahlartiger Tragglieder beim Nachweis der Gesamtstandsicherheit}, series = {geotechnik}, volume = {44}, journal = {geotechnik}, number = {4}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn, a Wiley Brand}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2190-6653}, doi = {10.1002/gete.202100001}, pages = {234 -- 247}, abstract = {Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen (StS) sind hydraulisch gebundene, pfahlartige Tragglieder und werden zur Reduzierung von Setzungen bzw. zur Erh{\"o}hung der Gesamtstandsicherheit angewandt. Aufgrund der fehlenden Bewehrung in Verbindung mit h{\"a}ufig geringen Durchmessern sind StS nicht zum planm{\"a}ßigen Abtrag von Einwirkungen quer zur Traggliedachse geeignet. Der Beitrag erl{\"a}utert das laterale Tragverhalten unbewehrter pfahlartiger Tragglieder. In einem {\"U}berblick werden typische Ans{\"a}tze zur Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von StS beim Nachweis der Gesamtstandsicherheit vorgestellt und es wird herausgearbeitet, dass die bestehenden Ans{\"a}tze den Beitrag der Tragglieder meist unzutreffend ber{\"u}cksichtigen und h{\"a}ufig erheblich {\"u}bersch{\"a}tzen. Es wird ein numerisches Strukturmodell vorgestellt, mit welchem das laterale Tragverhalten unbewehrter, hydraulisch gebundener, pfahlartiger Tragglieder untersucht wurde. Anhand systematischer Untersuchungen wird dargelegt, wie StS bei lateralen Gleitk{\"o}rperbewegungen versagen und welche Versagensmechanismen zu erwarten sind. Die Aktivierung des Traggliedquerwiderstands wird f{\"u}r undrainierte Bedingungen anhand eines einfachen mechanischen Modells erl{\"a}utert und es werden daraus grunds{\"a}tzliche Hinweise zu Entwurf und Bemessung geotechnischer Konstruktionen mit StS abgeleitet. Schließlich werden zwei Ans{\"a}tze zur Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von StS beim Nachweis der Gesamtstandsicherheit im Gleitkreisverfahren nach Bishop vorgestellt und deren Anwendung anhand eines Schadensfalls aufgezeigt.}, language = {de} } @misc{Zrenner, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Zrenner, Louis}, title = {Modellierung des gekoppelten thermischen und hydraulischen Verhaltens von ZFSV-Bettungen bei erdverlegten H{\"o}chstspannungsleitungen}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-1790}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-17905}, school = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {IX, 122}, abstract = {Durch die dezentrale Energiegewinnung, welche aus dem Fokus auf regenerative Stromerzeugung resultiert, ist ein Ausbau des {\"U}bertragungsnetzes alternativlos - auch mit Hinblick auf den steigenden Strombedarf in den kommenden Jahrzehnten. Der Ausbau ist bereits beschlossene Sache, schreitet aber schleppend voran. Die Gr{\"u}nde hierf{\"u}r sind jedoch nicht etwa Verz{\"o}gerungen in der Bauausf{\"u}hrung, sondern vor allem die Ablehnung innerhalb der Bev{\"o}lkerung gegen{\"u}ber dem Neubau von Stromtrassen. Jahrelange Planungs- und Genehmigungsphasen sowie regelm{\"a}ßige {\"A}nderungen der Trassenverl{\"a}ufe sind die Folge. Die B{\"u}rgerbewegungen gegen den Netzausbau sind meist mit auf dem Einfluss auf das Landschaftsbild, der Strahlungsbelastung oder L{\"a}rmbel{\"a}stigung begr{\"u}ndet. Eine Erdverlegung w{\"u}rde hinsichtlich dieser Probleme (trotz kurzfristiger Mehrbelastung w{\"a}hrend der Bauphase) eine Alternative darstellen, weist jedoch baubedingte Problematiken wie den Abtransport der Verlustw{\"a}rme auf. Bei einer klassischen Sandbettung h{\"a}ngt die W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeit maßgeblich vom Wassergehalt des Sandes ab, welcher je nach Witterungslage und geologischen Gegebenheiten sehr stark schwankt. Als Folge muss die Trasse f{\"u}r den ung{\"u}nstigsten Fall und damit unwirtschaftlich bemessen werden. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts „DC-CTL DBI" wurde eine gasisolierte HG{\"U}-Leitung (GIL) erdverlegt und einem Langzeitversuch unterzogen. Anstelle einer Sandbettung wurde jedoch ein zeitweise fließf{\"a}higer, selbstverdichtender Verf{\"u}llbaustoff (ZFSV) verwendet. F{\"u}r den Einsatz als thermische Bettung bietet ein ZFSV mehrere Eigenschaften, welche eine klassische Sandbettung nicht bietet. So ist mit Hinblick auf die verschweißte Aluminium-H{\"u}lle der GIL kein Verdichtungsaufwand n{\"o}tig, welcher bei aktueller Bauform zweifelsfrei in Sch{\"a}den resultieren w{\"u}rde. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus weisen Fl{\"u}ssigb{\"o}den durch den Bentonit-Gehalt eine h{\"o}here adsorbierende Oberfl{\"a}che auf, wodurch der Anteil des Haftwassers im Boden zunimmt und die W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeit der Bettung in ihrer Konstanz positiv beeinflusst wird. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit wurden die thermischen und hydraulischen Transportprozesse um die GIL mittels FEM in Plaxis2D untersucht und transient {\"u}ber den gesamten Messzeitraum (18 Monate) berechnet. Hierf{\"u}r wurden die Materialparameter durch labortechnische Versuche ermittelt und die Messergebnisse einer verbauten Wetterstation als Randbedingungen (Niederschlag, Temperatur, Evapotranspiration) aufgebracht. Die Ergebnisse aus Plaxis2D wurden abschließend mit der im Feldversuch verbauten Sensorik verglichen. Es zeigte sich, dass sowohl die Boden- als auch die Leitertemperaturen nur um wenige Grad von den Messwerten der Sensorik abweichen. Anders als bei den etablierten analytischen Bemessungsrechnungen, welche stets auf Vereinfachungen basieren, k{\"o}nnen auch Effekte wie konvektiver W{\"a}rmetransport oder Austrocknung bei gleichzeitig h{\"o}herer Genauigkeit der Ergebnisse untersucht werden. Um den Rechenaufwand gering zu halten, wurden lediglich die thermischen und hydraulischen Entwicklungen und Einfl{\"u}sse des Bodens ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Es ist aber durchaus m{\"o}glich, Verformungen und Kr{\"a}fte in die Berechnung zu integrieren und so ein ganzheitliches Berechnungsmodell zu erstellen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Spirkl, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Spirkl, Florian}, title = {Vergleichende rechnerische Untersuchungen zur Lastaufteilung und Setzungen von Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen mit Lasttransferschichten}, address = {Regensburg}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-1571}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-15713}, school = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {121}, abstract = {Die Erschließung von Neubaufl{\"a}chen, steigende Bauwerkslasten und strengere Anforderungen an Setzungen und Setzungsdifferenzen f{\"u}hren zu einem steigenden Bedarf an Tiefgr{\"u}ndungsmaßnahmen. Eine relativ junge Entwicklung auf diesem Gebiet ist die Anwendung von Stabilisierungss{\"a}ulen (StS) und pfahl{\"a}hnlichen Tragelementen als Alternative zur konventionellen Pfahlgr{\"u}ndung. Auf Grund der im Vergleich zum Pfahl geringeren Tragf{\"a}higkeit der StS werden diese zumeist als „S{\"a}ulenwald" angeordnet und die abzutragende Last {\"u}ber eine Lasttransferschicht (LTS) auf die einzelnen StS abgeleitet. Zus{\"a}tzlich wird h{\"a}ufig eine oder mehrere Geogitterlagen eingebracht, was zur Erh{\"o}hung des Lastanteils der StS f{\"u}hrt. Ein g{\"a}ngies Anwendungsbeispiel hierf{\"u}r ist z.B. die Gr{\"u}ndung eines Damms. {\"U}ber die Lastaufteilung zwischen StS und anstehender Weichschicht wurden im Laufe der Jahre verschiedenste Theorien und Berechnungsans{\"a}tze ver{\"o}ffentlicht. Zun{\"a}chst wird eine Auswahl verschiedener geschlossener Berechnungsans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r den 3-dimensionalen Fall vorgestellt und miteinander verglichen. Diesen ist gemein, dass f{\"u}r die Lastaufteilung lediglich die bodenmechanischen Eigenschaften der LTS und die geometrischen Parameter ben{\"o}tigt werden. Eine Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der anstehenden Weichschicht ist z.B. bei der iterativen Berechnung mittels Lasttransfermethode oder bei FE-Berechnungen m{\"o}glich. Diese Ans{\"a}tze werden, da durch die Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Eigenschaften der Weichschicht weitere Freiheitsgrade entstehen, gesondert miteinander verglichen. Abschließend wird an Hand zweier Beispiele die Komplexit{\"a}t der Problemstellung „Ermittlung der Laustaufteilung zwischen StS und WS" aufgezeigt.}, language = {de} } @misc{Wiedemann, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Wiedemann, Matthias}, title = {Datenmodelle in der Abwasserableitung}, address = {Regensburg}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-815}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-8157}, school = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {87}, abstract = {Das Bauwesen erf{\"a}hrt zurzeit eine zunehmende Digitalisierung von Planungs- und Bauprozessen. Ein Begriff, der dabei zwingend fallen muss, ist Building Information Modeling (BIM). Es handelt sich dabei um eine kooperative Arbeitsmethode mit dem Ziel einer h{\"o}heren Planungs-, Kosten- und Terminsicherheit. Wesentlicher Bestandteil von BIM ist das digitale Modell des Bauwerks, das {\"u}ber dessen gesamten Lebenszyklus von der Planung {\"u}ber die Ausf{\"u}hrung bis zum Unterhalt und R{\"u}ckbau mit Informationen erg{\"a}nzt wird. Der gew{\"u}nschte Effekt ist dabei eine gr{\"o}ßere Informationsdichte, auf welche die Projektbeteiligten {\"u}ber die Projektphasen hinweg zugreifen und somit einem Informationsverlust vorbeugen k{\"o}nnen.}, subject = {Abwasserableitung}, language = {de} }