Soziale & ökonomische Transformation
Refine
Document Type
- Article (24)
- Part of a Book (7)
- Report (2)
Reviewed
- Begutachtet/Reviewed (23)
Keywords
- CALIDENA, quality issues, quality improvement, national quality infrastructure, NQI, wheat value chain, WVC (1)
- Computerunterstützte Kommunikation; Psychosoziale Beratung; Onlineberatung; Migrationsberatung (1)
- Energetische Sanierung (1)
- External costs True cost accounting Sustainable agriculture Life cycle assessment Organic farming Price policy (1)
- Grenzhaushalte (1)
- Grundsicherung (1)
- Interaktionsanalyse · Impression Management · Hilfe und Kontrolle · Sozialpolitik · Jobcenter (1)
- Leistungsbezieher Haushalte (1)
- Onlineberatung; Onlinekommunikation; digitale Kommunikation; Digitale Kompetenz; Digitale Spaltung; Digitale Teilhabe von Menschen mit Zuwanderungsgeschichte (1)
- Street-Level Bureaucrats; Entscheidungsspielräume; Nachhaltige Arbeitsvermittlung; New Public Management; Controlling (1)
With the growing global interdependence of companies, their scope of responsibility for the environmental, social, and human rights impacts associated with their activities is also growing. In this context, companies are increasingly held accountable for social and ecological issues that lie within the sphere of action of their suppliers and sub-suppliers. They are thus faced with the challenge of meeting these demands for transparency, traceability, and compliance with standards in their Supply Chains (SCs). Based on the theoretical framework of Sustainable Supply Chain Transparency (SSCT) in Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM), this conceptual article aims at initiating the discussion on digitalization in SSCM. Therefore, a heuristical research framework, based on relevant fields in the management of sustainability oriented transparency (governance, cooperation and partner selection, traceability/tracking, and strategic and operational risk assessment) is developed. In relation to these fields, consequently, data-driven digital approaches are identified to which potentials for SSCT and control can be attributed. This initial analysis of existing digital approaches already shows that the market is developing dynamically, but is driven more by individual initiatives. In many cases, the approaches used so far are still in the trial phase or offer only limited solutions. Therefore, this paper contributes by giving an overview of the current application of the digitalization approaches in SSCM pinning our discussion on SSCT dimensions.
Ziel des Projektes ist es, die tatsächliche Wohnsituation von einkommensschwachen Haushalten in der Stadt Nürnberg empirisch zu erfassen. Als einkommensschwache Haushalte werden Haushalte in die Untersuchung aufgenommen, die Mindestsicherungsleistungen (MSL) beziehen sowie sogenannte Grenzhaushalte mit geringen Einkommen. Diese Haushalte werden im Rahmen der Studie hinsichtlich der aktuellen Wohnsituation untersucht, insbesondere in Hinblick auf den baulich-energetischen Sanierungszustand der Wohnung. Ferner sollte untersucht werden, ob hier mögliche Unterschiede zwischen MSL-Haushalten und „Grenzhaushalten“ existieren, um mögliche sozialpolitische Erkenntnisse ableiten zu können. Schließlich untersucht die Studie auch, inwieweit sich mögliche Sanierungsmaßnahmen auf die Wohnkosten und damit die finanzielle Gesamtbelastung der Haushalte auswirken. Methodisch wird ein Mixed-Methods-Ansatz gewählt, der drei unterschiedliche Forschungsansätze kombiniert:
(1) die Durchführung von Fokusgruppen mit relevanten Akteuren aus Sozialverwaltung, Wohlfahrtspflege, Wohnungs- und Energiewirtschaft, (2) eine standardisierte Befragung von Haushalten mit Bezug von Mindestsicherungsleistungen bzw. Wohngeld und (3) eine Analyse von Erhebungsdaten aus dem kommunalen Projekt „EnergieSparProjekt (ESP)“.
Die Ergebnisse der Studie liefern eine wichtige und differenzierte empirisch basierte Übersicht zu den Wohnverhältnissen einkommensschwacher Haushalte in Nürnberg, die bisher in dieser Form noch nicht vorlag.
The objective of this study was to investigate the current research practices and existing progress research published on supply chain management and supply chain integration in an attempt to provide a research agenda for future investigations. Mainly the secondary data analysis and methods employed for the investigations. Particularly a systematic literature review analysis from 115 papers published from 16 important journals in the supply chain, logistics, Industrial management & data systems, supply chain management: an international journal and operations management during the period 1997 to 2018 was employed. This paper has identified relevant supply chain integration research studies that have contributed to the development and growth of manufacturing industries performance and competitiveness to the SCI and SCM fields. The analysis of the relevant articles gaps and miss-concepts in the previous literature provides to reduce universality and insufficient ordinary view, confusion of supply chain integrations were investigated. The gaps and investigations were done based on their methodological porches, objectives, analysis and research finding. Mainly the gaps, miss concepts and challenges concepts in the previous literature were identified and grouped in five issues. Moreover, the gaps and recommendations for future research are consolidated into a research agenda that provides practitioners to evaluate existing SCI & SCM issues and seek ways to develop a conceptual farm work on SCI of manufacturing industries to global supply chains.
Influencing Factors for Sustainable Dietary Transformation—A Case Study of German Food Consumption
(2022)
In a case study of Germany, we examine current food consumption along the three pillars of sustainability to evaluate external factors that influence consumers’ dietary decisions. We investigate to what extent diets meet nutritional requirements (social factor), the diets’ environmental impact (ecological factor), and the food prices’ influence on purchasing behavior (economic factor). For this, we compare two dietary recommendations (plant-based, omnivorous) with the status quo, and we examine different consumption styles (conventional, organic produce). Additionally, we evaluate 1446 prices of food items from three store types (organic store, supermarket, and discounter). With this, we are able to evaluate and compare 30 different food baskets along their health, environmental, and economic impact. Results show that purchasing decisions are only slightly influenced by health-related factors. Furthermore, few consumers align their diet with low environmental impact. In contrast, a large share of consumers opt for cheap foods, regardless of health and environmental consequences. We find that price is, arguably, the main factor in food choices from a sustainability standpoint. Action should be taken by policy makers to financially incentivize consumers in favor of healthy and environmentally friendly diets. Otherwise, the status quo further drives especially underprivileged consumers towards unhealthy and environmentally damaging consumption.
AbstractThere is broad scientific consensus that current food systems are neither sustainable nor resilient: many agricultural practices are very resource-intensive and responsible for a large share of global emissions and loss of biodiversity. Consequently, current systems put large pressure on planetary boundaries. According to economic theory, food prices form when there is a balance between supply and demand. Yet, due to the neglect of negative external effects, effective prices are often far from representing the ‘true costs’. Current studies show that especially animal-based foodstuff entails vast external costs that currently stay unaccounted for in market prices. Against this background, we explore how informational campaigning on agricultural externalities can contribute to consumer awareness and tolerance of this matter. Further, we investigate the socially just design of monetary incentives and their implementation potentials and challenges. This study builds on the informational campaign of a German supermarket displaying products with two price tags: one of the current market price and the other displaying the ‘true’ price, which includes several environmental externalities calculated with True Cost Accounting (TCA). Based on interpretations of a consumer survey and a number of expert interviews, in this article we approach the potentials and obstacles of TCA as a communication tool and the challenges of its factual implementation in agri-food networks. Our results show that consumers are generally interested in the topic of true food pricing and would to a certain extent be willing to pay ‘true prices’ of the inquired foods. However, insufficient transparency and unjust distribution of wealth are feared to bring about communication and social justice concerns in the implementation of TCA. When introducing TCA into current discourse, it is therefore important to develop measures that are socially cautious and backed by relevant legal framework conditions. This poses the chance to create a fair playing (‘polluter pays’) with a clear assignment of responsibilities to policy makers, and practitioners in addition to customers.
Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die externen Umweltfolgekosten von Lebensmitteln in Deutschland zu quantifizieren, die während des Produktionsprozess sowie der vorgelagerten Lieferkette entstehen. Um die Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt zu kompensieren, sollten externe Effekte nach dem Verursacherprinzip der UN in allen Lebensmittelpreisen berücksichtigt werden. Auf Basis einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche und in Anlehnung an die Methode von Fitzpatrick und Young (2017) werden die externen Kosten der deutschen Agrarproduktion im Jahr 2016 berechnet. Würden Umweltfolgen der deutschen Lebensmittelproduktion und des Konsums wie Treibhausgase, vermeidbare Lebensmittelabfälle und Biodiversitätsverluste in die Preise einfließen, wäre nach unseren Berechnungen eine durchschnittliche Preiserhöhung von 43 % auf der Einzelhandelsebene notwendig. Unsere Ergebnisse verdeutlichen das Ausmaß der aktuellen Fehlbepreisung und die damit verbundenen, dringenden Veränderungsbedarfe im Lebensmittelsektor.
Agriculture is one of the world's biggest polluters. Consumers are misled towards demand of unsustainable and inadequately priced food products by an insufficient internalization of externalities. Shifting demand towards more sustainable dietary choices can lead to a sustainable transition of agri-food networks. In this study, we evaluate environmental damage economically: we combine environmental assessment of different food products with the internalization of their monetary impacts. Life Cycle Assessments are modeled for conventional and organic foods and different production scenarios. The quantified environmental impacts are combined with True Cost Accounting to adjust food prices according to their environmental impacts. Using this framework for 22 German agricultural products, we find that on average, crop production generates externalities of about €0.79 per kg for conventional and about €0.42 for organic products. Conventional milk and eggs cause additional costs of about €1.29 per kg on average in organic systems and about €1.10 in organic ones. Conventional and organic meat generate externalities of €4.42 and €4.22 per kg, respectively, with beef generating the highest costs of all. The environmental favorability of organic products is confirmed, but the resulting organic market prices after internalization still exceed conventional prices. Externalities represent a negative impact on societal welfare, which should be addressed by policies supporting transparent pricing approaches.
This research aims to develop an improved model that promotes reverse engineering /RE/ practice in metal engineering industries (MEIs). RE is one cost-effective technology transfer /TT/ and innovation method that improves organizational performance. However, only a few scholars have written on the adoption of RE models, and no one has contextualized TT and innovation models as a means to adopt RE practice. Methodology: Primarily, the study conducted a systematic literature review based on previous works to develop a conceptual model for RE adoption. To do this, the researchers conducted an intensive literature review and identified factors contributing to the model. Contextualizing TT and innovation factors and models within the new RE adoption model is also a significant part of the work. After a comparative analysis, the researchers developed the improved RE adoption model that enhances the performance of MEIs. Finding: The majority of previous related literature focuses on RE hardware, with only a few authors acknowledging the soft aspects, i.e., managerial and legal issues of RE practice. Besides, no authors contextualized factors of TT and innovation within the RE adoption. In this study, the researchers identified and clustered RE adoption factors as organizational, technological, managerial, and resource-based from previous RE adoption models and contextualization of TT and innovation adoption factors. Originality: To the best of the writers’ knowledge, no previous authors have contextualized TT and innovation models within the adoption of RE. However, such models have a substantial impact on adopting the practice. Hence, the researchers developed an improved model by examining and contextualizing the existing models that can impact MEI performance through improving product, process, and technological capabilities.
This research deals with the role of reverse engineering (RE) in enhancing productivity (product quality and processing time improvements) and technological capability (TC). Using a systematic reviewing approach, the authors investigated and raised novel debating concepts, i.e., the controversy between advocates and opponents concerning the role of RE and the legality issues. The review process revealed the absence of a holistic definition that can address the state-of-the-art, and the impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) to adopt RE practice. The researchers believe that the new definition of RE is helpful to understand the comprehensive role of the practice and to fill the knowledge gap by convincing opponents about RE not as theft but as a driver to transfer knowledge and technology. The research also recommends how the bottlenecks on the legality issues can be resolved through the revision of IPRs from the context of developing countries (DCs).