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In diesem Band werden die Beiträge der ersten Konferenz „Interdisziplinäre Lehre für nachhaltige Entwicklung“ an der Technischen Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm aus dem Jahr 2023 präsentiert. Die inhaltliche Vielfalt der 13 Beiträge verdeutlicht, dass die Diskussion der Interdisziplinarität in der hochschulgebundenen Ausbildung junger Menschen für die sich transformierende Gesellschaft gerade erst begonnen hat. Vorgestellt werden unterschiedlich wissenschaftlich verankerte und praxisorientierte Modelle zur Vermittlung notwendiger Kompetenzen, um gesellschaftliche Zukunft zu gestalten. Es gilt am Ball zu bleiben, den Austausch fortzusetzen und Chancen für interdisziplinäre Kooperationen für die Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) zu identifizieren und zu ergreifen. Die Open Source Publikation soll in diesem Sinne Anschlusskommunikation ermöglichen.
Data engineering is an integral part of the data science process. It comprises tasks such as data ingestion, data transformation, and data quality assurance. In order to fulfill these tasks, schema inference is an important capability. Its goal is to detect the structure of a dataset and to derive metadata on hierarchies, data types, etc. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to automate schema inference and thus increase the efficiency of the data science process. However, as government institutions are subject to special regulations, explainability of AI models can be a mandatory requirement. Goal of this research protocol is to plan a systematic review of literature on schema inference for tabular data with explainable AI (XAI). This third version was derived from two earlier review protocols.
Carbon-doped titania was fabricated via carbothermal treatment in nitrogen–acetylene gas flow and further used as a precursor for multiwalled titanate nanotube (TNT) synthesis via alkaline hydrothermal route. Investigation of the reaction products after hydrothermal treatment of carbon-doped titania using Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method shows the successful formation of TNTs. The presence of carbon was proved although the type of incorporation could not be certified. All samples show approximately the same carbon content before and after hydrothermal treatment. An increasing pretreatment temperature of titania precursor powders yields more secondary products in the nanotube samples, indicating lower reactivity of the titanium oxycarbide phase during hydrothermal treatment. In this study, TNTs with 6 wt% carbon and with the highest specific surface area of 340 m2/g were formed via hydrothermal treatment of carbon-doped titania precursor powder exposed to 700 °C during carbothermal pretreatment.
Data engineering is an integral part of the data science process. It comprises tasks such as data ingestion, data transformation, and data quality assurance. In order to fulfill these tasks, schema inference is an important capability. Its goal is to detect the structure of a dataset and to derive metadata on hierarchies, data types, etc. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to automate schema inference and thus increase the efficiency of the data science process. However, as government institutions are subject to special regulations, explainability of AI models can be a mandatory requirement. Goal of this research protocol is to plan a systematic review of literature on schema inference with explainable AI (XAI) for data engineering in government institutions. This second version includes adjustments resulting from the first iteration of the review.
The design of robust architectures for software-intensive systems in the automotive domain is a complex task and a considerable engineering challenge. Even conventional systems are usually subject to a multitude of conflicting design goals, such as unit cost and weight minimization, dependability augmentation and timing control. One feasible approach to resolve these conflicting levers on a system's architecture is to perform an optimization analysis on a concretely defined design space, which in general is vast. For the purpose of the approach presented here, this design space is represented by an automated identification of variation points relevant for design space exploration. The identified variability information is then transformed into a convenient mathematical representation for product-line-aware architecture optimization.
Highly connected with the environment via various interfaces, cars have been the focus of malicious cyber attacks for years. These attacks are becoming an increasing burden for a society with growing vehicle autonomization: they are the sword of Damocles of future mobility. Therefore, research is particularly active in the area of vehicle IT security, and in part also in the area of dependability, in order to develop effective countermeasures and to maintain a minimum of one step ahead of hackers. This paper examines the known state-of-the-art security and dependability measures based on a detailed and systematic analysis of published cyber attacks on automotive software systems. The sobering result of the analysis of the cyber attacks with the model-based technique SAM (Security Abstraction Model) and a categorization of the examined attacks in relation to the known security and dependability measures is that most countermeasures against cyber attacks are hardly effective. They either are not applicable to the underlying problem or take effect too late; the intruder has already gained access to a substantial part of the vehicle when the countermeasures apply. The paper is thus contributing to an understanding of the gaps that exist today in the area of vehicle security and dependability and concludes concrete research challenges.
Diese Studienarbeit untersucht den Stromverbrauch auf regionaler Ebene in Deutschland und vergleicht drei verschiedene Systemdesigns für erneuerbare Energien. Die Systeme basieren auf dem Einsatz von geotechnischen, chemischen und Batteriespeicher-technologien. Es werden reale Wetter- und Lastdaten für einen Zeitraum von drei Jahren vom 01.09.2020 bis zum 31.08.2023 verwendet.
Semiconducting transition metal oxides such as TiO 2 are promising photo(electro)catalysts for solar water splitting and photoreduction of CO 2 as well as for antibacterial, self-, water and air-cleaning coatings and admixtures in paints, building materials, on window glass or medical devices. In photoelectrocatalytic applications TiO 2 is usually used as photoanode only catalyzing the oxidation
reaction. In coatings and admixtures TiO 2 works as heterogeneous catalyst and has to catalyze a complete redox cycle. While photoelectrochemical charge transport parameters are usually quite well accessible by electrochemical measurements, the quantitative description of photocatalytic properties is more challenging. Here, we present a systematic structural, photoelectrocatalytic, photocatalytic and antimicrobial study to understand if and how photoelectrochemical parameters can be used to predict the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2. For this purpose TiO 2 thin films on
flourine-doped tin oxide substrates were prepared and annealed at temperatures between 200 and 600 ◦C. The film morphologies and thicknesses were studied by GIXRD, FESEM, and EDX. Photoelectrochemical properties were measured by linear sweep voltammetry, photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chopped light chronoamperometry, and intensity modulated photocurrent/photovoltage spectroscopy. For comparison, photocatalytic rate constants were determined by
methylene blue degradation and Escherichea coli inactivation and correlated with the deducedphotoelectrocatalytic parameters. We found that the respective photoactivities of amorphous and crystalline TiO 2 nanolayers can be best correlated, if the extracted photoelectrochemical parameters such as charge transfer and recombination rates, charge transfer efficiencies and resistances are measured close to the open circuit potential (OCP). Hence, the interfacial charge transport parameters at the OCP can be indeed used as descriptors for predicting and understanding the photocatalytic
activity of TiO 2 coatings.
The increasing use of software and connectivity in modern vehicles has made cybersecurity an important issue in the automotive industry. ISO 21434 is a standard for automotive cybersecurity engineering that provides guidelines for the development and validation of secure automotive systems. For effective implementation and practical use of ISO 21434, it must be incorporated into existing automotive industry development workflows.
In this paper, we investigate the practical applicability of ISO 21434 in the context of the Security Abstraction Model (SAM), a security modeling approach for the domain-specific modeling language EAST-ADL, and provide insights into the benefits and consequences of this approach. In doing so, we describe the methodological opportunities of integrating ISO 21434 into SAM on the one hand and present a case study illustrating the application of this integrated approach in the development of a secure automotive system on the other hand. Our results suggest that the integration of ISO 21434 into SAM better supports automotive system security in the early development phases and makes it transparent to a wide range of stakeholders. At the same time, it becomes clear that a representation of the interrelationships in the form of a metamodel, in contrast to ISO 21434 in which these are only described textually, significantly improves conceptual understanding and ultimately enables pragmatic usability in industrial development.
Recent flood events (FE) in Germany have shown that the extent and impact of extreme flood events cannot be estimated solely based on numerical models. For analyzing the development of such an event and to develop and implement safety measures more efficiently, additional data must be collected during the event. Within the scope of this research, the possibilities of near real-time recording using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and data processing with the Structure from Motion (SfM) method were tested in a case study. Different recording parameter combinations were tested in the Laufer
Muehle area on the Aisch river in Germany. The focus of the investigations was the identification of a parameter combination that allows a short recording interval for aerial imagery. Based on these findings, the identification of changes in the study area by comparing multitemporal photography (flood prevention), as well as the recording of flooded areas during a FE should be possible. The accuracy analysis of the different parameter combinations between two point clouds as well as the process of change detection was done by a Multiscale Model to Model Cloud Comparison (M3C2) and
including ground control points. As a result, a parameter combination was identified which led to the desired results in the study area. The processes were transformed into fully automated and scripted workflows. The results serve as a basis for establishing a workflow for near real-time analyses in future studies.
Carbon modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising candidate for catalytic applications or fuel cells, where the modified oxide could replace currently used catalyst support materials. Carbothermally treated TiO2 was successfully prepared by annealing under acetylene/nitrogen gas flow in a rotary tube furnace. The carbon content in the TiO2 samples ranged from 5 to 14.5 wt.-% as determined by thermogravimetric measurements. The powders showed suppression of the phase transition from anatase to rutile up to a treatment temperature of 825°C. Above 600°C rutile is the thermodynamically stable phase, therefore the suppression must be attributed to either carbon in the lattice or the reducing atmosphere in the furnace. Raman spectra revealed the characteristic G and D bands, indicating the formation of carbonaceous species in the samples. In addition, a shift of the anatase Eg(1) band was observed indicating a lattice disorder pointing toward carbon incorporation into the lattice. Diffuse reflectance spectra show sub band gap absorption together with a shift of the absorption edge. Depending on the extraction method of band gaps from spectra, the band gap values show a decrease or increase with increasing carbon content. Details of the evaluation and interpretation of the spectra are discussed.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die verschiedenen Methoden aus dem Feld der künstlichen Intelligenz geeignet sind, textbasierte Kommunikation zu analysieren und damit Erkenntnisse für die Evaluation bereitzustellen. Angesichts der riesigen Menge an bestehenden und zukünftigen textbasierten Beratungsinhalten können so die unterschiedlichsten Fragestellungen bearbeitet werden. Da die Datenbasis jedoch immer hochsensible personenbezogene Daten enthält, müssen die entsprechenden Risiken mit einer verantwortungsvollen Umsetzung des Datenschutzes minimiert werden.
Gaming Social Work History
(2021)
OBJECTIVES: The requirements regarding professional social work are constantly increasing. The development of a professional identity, which goes hand in hand with a comprehensive ability to reflect, is only one of the aspects mentioned in the international definition. To this end, the examination of the history of social work during the course of study appears to be meaningful and important for many reasons. THEORETICAL BASE: It is precisely this topic that proves to be particularly complex. Based on the increasing requirements on social work, another attempt is made through analyzing social work history in an overarching framework. METHODS: As important the topic seems to be for professional development, for students the analysis of the history of social work is yet often a necessary evil during undergraduate studies. OUTCOMES: Current study results clarify that students do not have a comprehensive professional identity. SOCIAL WORK IMPLICATIONS: Using the concept of gamification for the imparting of knowledge about the history of social work could be a “game changer”.
Many shift workers suffer from sleep issues, which negatively affect quality of life and performance. Scientifically evaluated, structured programs for prevention and treatment are scarce. We developed an anonymous online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) program. After successful completion of a feasibility study, we now start this prospective, randomized, controlled superiority trial to compare outcomes of two parallel groups, namely an intervention group and a waiting-list control-group. Additionally, we will compare these outcomes to those of a face-to-face CBT-I outpatient sample.
Bone fracture healing is a complex process which is still under research. Computer-aided patient-specific prediction of bone development, fracture risk, prevention and treatment approaches promises a significant milestone in clinical practice. With this long-term goal in mind, a novel model is presented and examined in this work in the context of continuum bone remodelling. Therein, a clear distinction is made between external mechanical stimulation and the biological healing process of an injured bone tissue. The model is implemented within a finite element framework and investigated for the example of a fractured proximal femur head. The results show promising perspectives for further application. Besides, the model offers the possibility of easily integrating other factors like age-dependency and the availability of nutrition. For the future, further studies with large clinical datasets are essential for validation.
Modeling the evolution of bone density is relevant for understanding, simulation and possible prediction of bone response to external and internal influences. In this work we present a formulation for the bone density evolution process that takes into account not only the commonly considered mechanical stimulus, but, as novelty, also the influence of the availability of nutrients and hormones, with its implementation pursued within the finite element method. A simple uni-axial extension test is used to illustrate and compare our novel model against the classical approach. The results of the proposed modified model are promising for application to real-life problems.
The illumination of registration plates poses challenges for lighting technology. To achieve the wide and steep angles required for homogeneous illumination of the license plate, optics are needed to refract and reflect light. In this work, registration plate lamps with different components are designed. After the construction, the concepts are tested for their limits in terms of position and manufacturability. The
entire work is carried out at the company CREAT GmbH in Ingolstadt. All developments in the field of registration plate lighting are subject to the UNECE and country-specific regulations, which must be considered in the development of the lights.[1] Some vehicles currently available on the automotive market are measured to classify and compare the different lamp systems. From the average values, the lamps are designed. Adjustments are repeatedly made to the lighting device to achieve the most
homogeneous illumination of the registration plate. As soon as the lights meet the legal requirements, the geometric limits of the lighting device are defined in relation to the plate. As there are different polymers to produce optics, these are simulated with their refractive indices and tested for their effects on the light image.
Die Corona-Pandemie hat die Hochschulen in eine Krisensituation versetzt. Die damalige Entscheidung, das Sommersemester 2020 trotz Kontaktverboten durchzuführen, hat alle Hochschulen mobilisiert eine nahezu vollständige Online-Lösung aufzubauen. Diese ‹Zwangsdigitalisierung› hat Lehrende und Studierende in den folgenden Monaten in einen Experimentiermodus versetzt. Dass sich Lehrende und Lernende in dieser Breite mit digitalen Technologien auseinandersetzen und Erfahrungen machen, konnten bisherige Forderungen und Förderungen nicht erreichen. Es ist jedoch ungewiss, wie diese Dynamik in den Lehralltag einer Post-Pandemie-Zeit übertragen werden kann. Hier sind Hochschulen auf strategischer Ebene gefragt, den Krisenmodus für den Change-Prozess zu nutzen. Anhand einer Gruppendiskussion mit 14 Vizepräsidentinnen und Vizepräsidenten haben wir untersucht, welche langfristigen Veränderungspotenziale der Pandemie wahrgenommen werden. Durch eine strukturierte Inhaltsanalyse der Diskussion erweitern wir in diesem Beitrag die bisherigen zusammenfassenden Ergebnisse. Die Analyse zeigt, dass als entscheidende Variable für den Erfolg beim Krisenmanagement multiple agile Kooperationsformate zwischen den unterschiedlichen Ebenen und Akteuren wahrgenommen werden. Die Aufrechterhaltung und der Ausbau dieser Kooperationen kann die Grundlage für einen langfristigen Change-Prozess darstellen, der unabhängig von der CoViD-19-Pandemie notwendig ist.