OPUS documents https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/index/index/ Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:19:49 +0200 Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:19:49 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5115 Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Hausbesuchsprogramme sind eine bewährte Maßnahme zur Unterstützung sozial benachteiligter Familien. Das ProKind-Programm ist die deutsche Adaption des US-amerikanischen Nurse-Family Partnership-Programm und wird im Rahmen eines randomisiert-kontrollierten Studiendesign (RCT) seit dem Jahr 2006 von einem transdisziplinären Forschungsteam längsschnittlich evaluiert. Fragestellung: Die Arbeit fasst bisherige Forschungsarbeiten zu den kurz- und mittelfristigen Effekten des Programms zusammen und gibt einen Ausblick auf die langfristig angelegte Programmevaluation. Methode: Insgesamt nahmen N = 755 erstgebärende Frauen mit sozialer und finanzieller Risikolage an der Studie teil. Die Interventionsgruppe erhielt Hausbesuche durch Fachkräfte bis zum zweiten Lebensjahr des Kindes. Daten wurden mittels psychometrischer Verfahren und über administrative Quellen erhoben. Ergebnisse: Über die Erhebungsphasen hinweg zeigten sich eine Vielzahl von positiven Interventionseffekten (z. B. Sprachentwicklung, elterliche Gewalt und Vernachlässigung sowie emotionale wie verhaltensbezogene Auffälligkeiten der Kinder). Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Die bisherigen Ergebnisse der ProKind-Evaluation belegen die Wirksamkeit von Frühförderung bei sozial benachteiligten Familien in Deutschland. Die langfristige Fortführung der Studie wird zeigen, ob sich positive Programmeffekte auch im Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter der Kinder nachweisen lassen. Sören Kliem; Malte Sandner; Sebastian Fischer; Anna Lohmann; Tilman Brand; Dirk Baier article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5115 Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:19:49 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5116 Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, including Driver State Monitoring like Drowsiness Detection Warning (DDW) and Driver Health Warning (DHW), are increasingly integrated into vehicles to enhance road safety. However, factors of user acceptance of such assistance remains understudied. This paper presents an exploratory user survey on the acceptance of both warning systems using the Driver Monitoring Acceptability Scale (DMAS) questionnaire. Results show high perceived ease of use but varying general acceptability and concerns, with no significant differences between drowsiness and health warning. Willingness to pay is low, and responses among experienced users are polarized. On a conceptual level we contribute by providing a German translation of a shortened questionnaire as a candidate instrument for future surveys. Our study advances the empirical understanding of drowsiness detection and health warning acceptance, offers insights into DMAS applicability, and outlines future research for improving automotive health system design. Sven Winkelmann; Katrin Proschek; Timo Jakobi conferenceobject https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5116 Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:14:08 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5118 Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is increasingly used across knowledge-intensive enterprise contexts, yet little is known about real-world interaction with such systems. We present a qualitative field study of a RAG-based assistant in B2B sales, analyzing 190 chat sessions and a complementary user survey. Drawing on conversational and HCI perspectives, we examine interaction patterns, breakdowns, and repair practices in authentic user-AI dialogues. Results show that interactions are short, directive, and shaped by search-like mental models. Breakdowns frequently occur due to underspecified input and incomplete system responses, with repair largely initiated by users. Survey findings indicate generally positive perceptions of usefulness and trust, though expectations of complete answers contrast with limited clarification behavior. We contribute an analysis of real-world RAG interaction and derive implications for proactive clarification and hybrid interaction. Hannes Schneider; Androniki Mertsiotaki; Sven Winkelmann conferenceobject https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5118 Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:13:13 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5109 Benutzergenerierte Software (UGS) markiert die nächste Stufe der KI-gestützten digitalen Kreation. Da „Vibe Coding“ natürliche Sprache in ausführbare Anwendungen umwandelt, können Nutzer Tools, Dashboards, Mikro-Apps und Agenten entwickeln, die genau auf ihre jeweiligen Kontexte zugeschnitten sind. Dieser Artikel erläutert, wie UGS die Nutzerinnovation erweitert, eine neue Software-Ebene zwischen professioneller Entwicklung und individuellen Bedürfnissen schafft und Unternehmen dazu zwingt, Governance, Kuratierung und Skalierbarkeit neu zu überdenken. Alexander Hahn; Volker Bilgram article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5109 Mon, 17 Aug 2026 10:08:14 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5113 Die Bearbeitung von Wohnungslosigkeit nach dem Housing-First-Ansatz verändert Soziale Arbeit. Die rekonstruierten Handlungsmodi der Überzeugungsarbeit, der Vertrauensbildung und Sensibilisierung, des Doing-With, Da-Seins und Da-Bleibens verdeutlichen, dass Housing First in der Umsetzung zugleich eine strukturelle wie relationale Neupositionierung der Sozialen Arbeit bedeutet. Nora Sellner; Frank Sowa article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5113 Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:58:14 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5114 Digitale Medien sind zu einer Voraussetzung sozialer Teilhabe geworden – auch für wohnungslose Menschen, deren prekäre Lebenslagen jedoch mit spezifischen Nutzungsweisen und Zugangsbarrieren einhergehen. Der Beitrag systematisiert den Forschungsstand zur digitalen Mediennutzung wohnungsloser Menschen und leitet Schlussfolgerungen für die Soziale Arbeit in der Wohnungslosenhilfe ab. Die Nutzungspraktiken erweisen sich als heterogen: Digitale Medien dienen sozialen Beziehungen, der Alltagsorganisation und Sicherheit sowie dem Wohlbefinden und der Identitätsarbeit. Der Zugang ist dabei keine einmalige Schwelle, sondern ein kontinuierlicher, ressourcenintensiver Aushandlungsprozess. Vor dem Hintergrund eines pandemiebedingten Digitalisierungsschubs plädieren die Autoren gegen einen verkürzten Techno-Solutionismus und für strukturell ansetzende, partizipativ entwickelte Angebote, die digitale Teilhabe ermöglichen, ohne nicht-digitale Hilfen und die Beziehungsdimension Sozialer Arbeit zu ersetzen. David Lowis; Frank Sowa bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5114 Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:54:41 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5108 Crowdsourcing contests are often viewed as open innovation tools. This article shows that they can also strengthen emotional consumer-brand relationships. Drawing on psychological empowerment theory, the study examines how perceived empowerment during participation in a crowdsourcing contest influ- ences changes in brand passion. Using multisource data from a real-world SWAROVSKI GEMS™ contest, the findings show that empowerment is positively associated with increases in brand passion. This relationship is strengthened by relationship motivation and perceived fairness, while reward motivation does not significantly weaken the effect. The study contributes to research on consumer empowerment, co-creation, and brand passion by identifying empowerment as a psychological mechanism through which participatory brand initiatives foster affective consumer-brand relationships. Volker Bilgram; Alexander Hahn; Johann Füller article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5108 Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:46:23 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5103 Aleksandra Poltermann; Carina Mothes; Robert Lehmann bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5103 Thu, 06 Aug 2026 09:41:25 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5104 Jennifer Burghardt; Mara Stieler; Robert Lehmann article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5104 Thu, 06 Aug 2026 09:39:36 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5088 Laura Lach sound https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5088 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 12:28:21 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5081 This paper explores how innovative financial business models from South Africa’s Bottom-of -the Pyramid (BOP) market can influence and inform strategic thinking and innovation within Germany’s mature banking sector. The research, is guided by the following central question: How can the innovation strategies and business model mechanisms developed under resource constraints in South Africa's Bottom-of-the-Pyramid (BoP) financial sector offer transferable insights for enhancing inclusive financial innovation in Germany's established banking environment? To address the research question, the research adopts a qualitative multiple-case study methodology analysing two relevant cases in the South African banking sector, Capitec Bank and Yoco, to determine applicable innovation strategies that might be applicable for the German Banking Sector. These mechanisms are subsequently assessed for transferability to the German context using the CAGE Distance Framework. The findings shows that innovation born from necessity in South Africa´s BoP market can generate applicable strategic principles such as radical simplification, cost-efficient hybrid distribution, and ecosystem-based service models – that hold significant relevance for German financial incumbents, FinTechs and new entrants. The objective is not to suggest that German institutions should mimic South African models, but rather that they should adopt the underlying frugal innovation mindset to solve german challenges in a new way. Kai-Uwe Wellner; Jacobus Jonker; Emily Gugel conferenceobject https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5081 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 12:18:07 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5076 Der Beitrag fasst die Kernergebnisse einer explorativen Studie des Arbeitskreises „Innovationsfinanzierung&Venture Capital“ der Schmalenbach-Gesellschaft zur Rolle, Ausgestaltung und Wirkung von Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) in Deutschland zusammen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass CVC überwiegend als strategisches Instrument ausgerichtet ist und der Erschließung neuer Technologien sowie Geschäftsfelder dient. Gleichzeitig gibt es Anhaltspunkte, dass strategische Potenziale von CVC in der Breite noch nicht vollständig ausgeschöpft werden. Dirk Honold; Claas Heise; Bernhard Mohr; Toni Oed article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5076 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 12:00:26 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5083 This report aims to provide elements for addressing security risks and risk management from criminal and terrorist threats in the various road topics affecting road infrastructure mentioned above, within the conceptual framework, definitions and terminologies provided by the international standards ISO 28000 and 31000. Among the techniques that can be used, risk assessment was chosen which includes risk identification, analysis and assessment phases, and selecting a consequence/liability pair and displaying them on a matrix according to the indications contained in the aforementioned international standards. Once threats and risks from malicious acts are determined and prioritized, a common approach followed, aimed at mitigation strategy, accompanied by defence measures and proposals for specialized final recommendations for each addressed topic. This document refers to the Report elaborated in the previous cycle by the PIARC Task Force C.1 "Security of Road Infrastructure", published in 2019. This Report is also based significantly on a comprehensive Literature Review “PIARC TF 3.1 – Literature Review – Documents Relevant to Road Infrastructure and Transport Security”, developed by this Task Force and published by PIARC in 2022. Berthold Best; Saverio Palchetti; Michele Bianchi; B. Diallo conferenceobject https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5083 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:58:40 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5068 Detecting levels of psychological defence mechanisms in supportive conversations is inherently ambiguous. In the PsyDefDetect shared task at BioNLP 2026 the eight positive defence categories share surface language and differ only in pragmatic function and trained raters reach only moderate inter-annotator agreement. On such a task the decisive lever is not a stronger single model but error independence, since any single representation will waver on the overlapping defence boundaries. We translate this insight into a 9-voter ensemble spanning three orthogonal axes: class granularity (all nine classes for the gatekeeper, only the eight defence classes for the specialists), training method (generative and discriminative) and base model. The system reaches F1 = .420 on the hidden test set, placing first among 21 registered teams. Philipp Steigerwald; Eric Rudolph; Jens Albrecht conferenceobject https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5068 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:47:58 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5078 Verschiedene Elemente aus 90s Hip Hop (hautpsächlich NWA, Eazy-E, und das funky Worm sample) kombiniert mit dem Bass, den ich hauptsächlich von Pop Smoke kenne. Julius Weiß sound https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5078 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:45:51 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5085 In Germany, dealing with homelessness as a ‘social problem’ involves providing shelter as well as social support. Shelter and social support are typically provided first, eventually followed by various forms of assisted living if housing in a private accommodation appears unattainable. The Housing First approach, originally developed in the United States, is different as providing housing (with a lease in the individual’s name) is the very first step in the assistance process. Recently, several Housing First projects have been developed and implemented in various regions of Germany. This chapter draws on broader research into various Housing First pilot projects emerging in Northern Bavaria, shedding light on the impact of the basic principles on the two main groups of actors involved: social workers and formerly homeless individuals as new tenants. The focus is on how social work support is perceived and experienced within the Housing First context, and how it is practiced. Our findings suggest that the implementation of Housing First offers both groups a range of possibilities and options of action, underlying constant negotiations about the types of services and support that can be offered, accepted or denied, and how the relationship between social workers and new tenants is co-produced and performed. Anna Xymena Tissot; Frank Sowa; Nora Sellner bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5085 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:37:06 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5100 Die Verfügbarkeit von Behausungen in Form von zeitlich und rechtlich abgesicherten eigenem, im Eigentum befindlichen oder gemieteten Wohnraum ist ein menschliches Grundbedürfnis. Eine Nicht-Verfügbarkeit hat für Menschen gravierende Konsequenzen, die zu einer Neubewertung ihrer Person (master status), Stigmatisierungsprozessen und Ausschlüssen aus der Gesellschaft führen. Die fehlende Behausung wird als Abweichung von gesellschaftlichen Normen und als soziales Problem betrachtet, für das Organisationen der Problembearbeitung wie Kommunen und Einrichtungen der Sozialen Arbeit beauftragt werden. In der rechtlichen Problematisierung des sozialen Phänomens der Wohnungslosigkeit (bzw. im Speziellen: des sozialen Phänomens der Obdachlosigkeit) steht überraschenderweise nicht die fehlende Behausung im Zentrum der Bearbeitung. Vielmehr werden Menschen, die unter der Personenkategorie unbehaust gesehen werden, durch die Sozialfiguren Störer*innen der Gesellschaft, Schutzbedürftige in der Gesellschaft und abhängige, verletzlich-verhaltende Exkludierte mit Leistungsanspruch gesellschaftlich hergestellt. Die derzeitige Kritik an der staatlichen Bearbeitung der sozialen Probleme von Obdach- und Wohnungslosigkeit führt zu einer alternativen, auf Menschenrechten basierenden Problematisierung. Hier könnte die Nicht-Verfügbarkeit von Behausungen in das Zentrum von Doing Social Problems geraten. Menschen, die keine Behausung zur Verfügung haben, würden dann in der Sozialfigur der Bürger*innen mit Anspruch auf angemessenen Wohnraum repräsentiert werden. Frank Sowa bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5100 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:33:29 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5101 User interaction data such as keystrokes, mouse movements, and touch events are increasingly used as input for machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches in areas such as user modeling, stress detection, emotion recognition, and behavioral biometrics. However, before ML algorithms can be applied, interaction data must be recorded, processed, segmented, and transformed into meaningful metrics. These preparation steps are rarely standardized and often insufficiently reported, even though they strongly influence the resulting data quality and the validity of downstream analyses. This tutorial addresses the methodological foundations of working with interaction data. It introduces participants to best practices for recording interaction events, preprocessing raw interaction logs, slicing data into meaningful segments, and calculating reliable interaction metrics. Particular attention is given to subtle effects that occur during preprocessing, such as the influence of slicing strategies on derived metrics. Participants will learn how different data preparation choices affect interaction metrics and why transparent reporting of these decisions is essential for reproducibility and validity in ML-based research. The tutorial provides conceptual guidance, practical examples, and recommendations for reporting interaction data processing pipelines. It equips researchers and practitioners with the methodological baseline required to prepare interaction datasets that can reliably serve as input for ML and AI analysis. Patrick Harms conferenceobject https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5101 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:30:44 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5102 Independent verification of published results is crucial for ensuring research quality and promoting further advancements. However, reproducibility and replicability in data-focused and machine learning research are growing concerns across disciplines. Our research aims to improve the reproducibility and replicability of interaction-based emotion recognition research. For this, we evaluate current publications based on the ability to reproduce or replicate their results. We survey these practices by trying to verify the results from 14 publications published between 2014 and 2024. For those 14 publications, we examined their code sharing practices. Eight out of the 14 publications shared the code used for the analysis, while six did not. For those who shared their code, we tried to reproduce their results. We were able to fully reproduce only three out of eight publications. Furthermore, we could at least partially reproduce the approaches of four further publications. For the six publications without shared code, we attempted to replicate their analyses but failed for all of them. Overall, we could verify at least to some extent the results of seven of 14 publications. This shows an overall low verifiability of existing research in that area, which hinders the reutilization and comparability of research results. In the future, it is necessary to encourage reproducibility in publications. We provide some recommendations to increase reproducibility and replicability in future publications. Carina Bieber; Patrick Harms; Jens Grabowski bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5102 Tue, 04 Aug 2026 11:29:41 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5089 Seit Jahren dauert die Debatte um gendersensible Sprache in Deutschland an, insbesondere über die Verwendung von Sonderzeichen. Sie ist stark polarisiert. Einzelne Politiker, allen voran der bayerische Ministerpräsident Markus Söder, regeln die Verwendung von Sternchen und Doppelpunkten in staatlichen Einrichtungen qua Verordnung und Verbot. Daran müssen sich Medienredaktionen nicht halten. Wie bereits im Zuge der großen Rechtschreibreform in den 1990er-Jahren können sie selbst entscheiden, wie ihre Mitarbeitenden schreiben und sprechen. Es lassen sich unterschiedliche Positionen erkennen, die an eine politische Ausrichtung gekoppelt sind. Grundlegend für die Sprachverwendung einerseits und die Berichterstattung über das Thema andererseits ist die ethisch-normative Bewertung der Rolle der Medien als Beobachter der gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung. In diesem Beitrag werden diese unterschiedlichen Positionen analysiert. Betrachtet wird dabei auch, welche Auswirkungen die Verwendung KI-basierter Sprachtools haben könnten. Am Ende steht der Appell für eine Entpolemisierung der Debatte. Beatrice Dernbach bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5089 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 10:44:23 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5091 Epoxy resins exhibit good mechanical and thermal properties. Most commercially available epoxy resins rely on fossil resources, which is why research is being conducted on the synthesis of bio‐based alternatives. Although many scientists dealt with new bio‐based epoxy resins, there are still only a few publications on new bio‐based amine curing agents. Vanillin is a promising substance for the synthesis of amine curing agents due to its aromatic structure in combination with its potential bio‐origin from lignin. In this article, the synthesis of 3‐amino‐4,5‐dimethoxy‐benzylamine (ADBA) from vanillin and its use as a novel curing agent for epoxy resins is presented. The synthesis comprises four stages: nitration of the aromatic compound vanillin, methylation of the phenolic group, conversion of the aldehyde into an oxime, and hydrogenation to form the diamine. The diamine can be synthesized with a total yield of 51 wt% and a bio‐content of 74 wt%. According to DSC, the new hardener with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) shows a gradual curing reaction due to the presence of an aliphatic and an aromatic amine. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of 135°C were determined via DMA when using ADBA, which is comparable to that of DGEBA cured with IPDA. Bastian Hahn; Gerd Wehnert; Elisabeth Schamel; Dominik Söthje article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5091 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 10:35:46 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5092 The optimal operation of transportation systems is often susceptible to unexpected disruptions. Many established control strategies reliant on mathematical models can struggle with real-world disruptions, leading to significant divergence from their anticipated efficiency. This study integrates the cutting-edge concept of antifragility with learning-based traffic control strategies to optimize urban road network operations under disruptions. Antifragile systems not only withstand and recover from stressors but also thrive and enhance performance in the presence of such adverse events. We develop a deep reinforcement learning framework that incorporates antifragile modules composed of traffic state derivatives and redundancy. Subsequently, it is evaluated in a cordon-shaped transportation network and a case study with real-world data. Promising results highlight that the proposed algorithm provides: (i) superior performance achieving up to 27.6% and 41.9% performance gain over baselines under increasing demand and supply disruptions, (ii) lower distribution skewness under disruptions, demonstrating its relative antifragility against baselines, (iii) effectiveness under limited observability due to real-world data availability constraints, and (iv) the robustness and transferability to be incorporated into recent state-of-the-art RL architectures. The proposed antifragile methodology is generalizable and holds potential for applications beyond traffic engineering, offering integration into control systems exposed to disruptions across various disciplines. Linghang Sun; Michail A. Makridis; Alexander Genser; Cristian Axenie; Margherita Grossi; Anastasios Kouvelas article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5092 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 10:33:52 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5096 Michael Domes bookpart https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5096 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 10:29:19 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5098 Shift work is associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders, yet tailored prevention and treatment programs remain rare and understudied. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is the first-line treatment for insomnia in the general population. We thus developed an anonymous online counselling service based on cognitive behavioral principles, adapted it to shift workers’ needs, and evaluated it in a sample of German shift workers from various industries. This prospective, randomized, controlled superiority trial compares two parallel groups: an intervention group that received four personalized counselling messages and completed four weekly sleep diaries, and a waiting-list control-group that completed sleep diaries only during the four-week waiting period. In the Intention to Treat sample (n = 66), significant improvements were observed in both groups for the primary outcome, sleep efficiency, and for the secondary outcomes, symptoms of insomnia and depression. Daytime sleepiness did not improve in either group. However, improvements were not significantly greater in the treatment than in the control group. We can thus not demonstrate superiority of the counselling intervention over the control condition, where repeated sleep diary completion and study participation may themselves have had therapeutic effects. Limitations regarding time frame and sample size, as well as implications for research and practice are discussed. Trial registration: The study was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register DRKS under the trial ID DRKS00017777 ( https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00017777 ). Date of registration: 14.01.2020. This study was registered during the early stages of data collection. Of the 27 participants in the final sample, the first four had initiated data collection at the date of registration. No complete data sets were available at that time. Lukas Retzer; Elmar Graessel; Monika Feil; Robert Lehmann; Mark Stemmler; Kneginja Richter article https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5098 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 10:28:08 +0200 https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5070 Mechanochemical synthesis is frequently identified as a sustainable alternative to solvent-based methods, yet empirical data regarding the energy consumption of various milling platforms remains scarce. This study provides an assessment of the electrical power demand and chemical productivity across five distinct milling modes: vibratory, planetary, media-free, high-energy, and disc milling. We demonstrate that manufacturer reported power specifications consistently overestimate actual operational demand by up to a factor of 3.1x which can lead to inaccuracies in sustainability metrics. Through the investigation of two diagnostic probe reactions, we observed that power consumption is primarily determined by the mechanical inertia and frequency of the hardware-the platform's "Energy Fingerprint"-with the internal chemical payload exerting a negligible effect. The results show that increasing operational frequency beyond a certain threshold results in disproportionately high energy consumption relative to the incremental gains in chemical yield. By integrating yield and measured power into an energetic return metric (mmol/kWh), we compare the efficiency of different platforms at the laboratory scale. Furthermore, we observe that the fixed electrical overhead of high-capacity hardware, such as disc and planetary mills, becomes more efficient as reaction volumes increase. This work provides a standardized framework of measured energy values, enabling more accurate Life Cycle Assessments and supporting the optimization of mechanochemical processes for industrial applications. Lars Breitung; Sandra Breitung; Sven Grätz; Nicolas Krahn; Victor Marcus Oldhues; Harikumar Shastry Barkur preprint https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5070 Wed, 22 Jul 2026 14:53:02 +0200