TY - JOUR A1 - Santillán‐Saldivar, Jair A1 - Gaugler, Tobias A1 - Helbig, Christoph A1 - Rathgeber, Andreas A1 - Sonnemann, Guido A1 - Thorenz, Andrea A1 - Tuma, Axel T1 - Design of an endpoint indicator for mineral resource supply risks in life cycle sustainability assessment BT - The case of Li‐ion batteries JF - Journal of Industrial Ecology N2 - Good management requires proper measurement, yet little is known about anthropogenic climate effects of agriculture. To remedy this, a precise measurement of negative externalities is urgently needed. Therefore, the authors of this article describe the heterogeneity of results from previous studies on climate effects and – focusing on the agricultural sector – identify reasons for this phenomenon. The authors conduct a meta-regression analysis, based on 53 primary studies that cover the period between 1951 and 2015. All countries or country groups are included in the 1345 reported results on emitted amounts of CO2e and SO2e. Our findings confirm the well-known result that an increase in livestock quantities corresponds with a significant increase in emission levels. By integrating culture-related country data, the authors conclude that the level of “humane orientation” and the amounts of emissions follow opposite courses. Furthermore, studies conducted while the first author of this study was working for an NGO, report significantly higher emissions. Based on an adaptation of a meta-regression analysis to the field of environmental performance measurement, we are able to provide new insights about the influence of the change of individual drivers on the emission level. Examples of these insights include a one-third increase in cattle stock is associated with an increase in emissions of 29.45 t/km2. We also find that publications where the first author works for an NGO reported an emission level 87.04 t/km2 higher than other publications. These findings enable the identification of the main drivers of emissions, while helping to explain the heterogeneity of existing studies. Based on the findings of this study, companies can take reliable measures to reduce the external climate effects of their products. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13094 SN - 1088-1980 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 1051 EP - 1062 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michalke, Amelie A1 - Köhler, Sandar A1 - Messmann, Lukas A1 - Thorenz, Andrea A1 - Tuma, Axel A1 - Gaugler, Tobias T1 - True cost accounting of organic and conventional food production JF - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Agriculture is one of the world's biggest polluters. Consumers are misled towards demand of unsustainable and inadequately priced food products by an insufficient internalization of externalities. Shifting demand towards more sustainable dietary choices can lead to a sustainable transition of agri-food networks. In this study, we evaluate environmental damage economically: we combine environmental assessment of different food products with the internalization of their monetary impacts. Life Cycle Assessments are modeled for conventional and organic foods and different production scenarios. The quantified environmental impacts are combined with True Cost Accounting to adjust food prices according to their environmental impacts. Using this framework for 22 German agricultural products, we find that on average, crop production generates externalities of about €0.79 per kg for conventional and about €0.42 for organic products. Conventional milk and eggs cause additional costs of about €1.29 per kg on average in organic systems and about €1.10 in organic ones. Conventional and organic meat generate externalities of €4.42 and €4.22 per kg, respectively, with beef generating the highest costs of all. The environmental favorability of organic products is confirmed, but the resulting organic market prices after internalization still exceed conventional prices. Externalities represent a negative impact on societal welfare, which should be addressed by policies supporting transparent pricing approaches. KW - External costs KW - True Cost Accounting KW - Sustainable Agriculture Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137134 VL - 408 IS - 137134 ER -