TY - CHAP A1 - Rabenstein, L. A1 - Dietz, A. A1 - Kremser, A. A1 - Parspour, N. T1 - Semi-Analytical Calculation of a Laminated Transverse Flux Machine T2 - 2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) N2 - n this paper a semi-analytical calculation of a transverse flux machine is presented. First the design of the machine is explained, then the semi-analytical calculation, which is finally compared with a numerical 3D finite element analysis (FEA). The semi-analytical approach is based on a magnetic equivalent circuit, which is solved by nodal analysis and the Broyden-Method. The air gap of the machine is transformed into the magnetic equivalent circuit by conformal mapping using the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation. The comparison to numerical simulation shows that the approach gives good results and is sufficiently accurate for a rough design of the machine. KW - ransverse flux machine, passive rotor, magnetic equivalent circuit, conformal mapping, Schwarz- Christoffel transformation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/icem49940.2020.9271065 SN - 2381-4802 SP - 721 EP - 727 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dietz, Armin A1 - Di Tommaso, Antonino Oscar A1 - Marignetti, Fabrizio A1 - Miceli, Rosario A1 - Nevoloso, Claudio T1 - Enhanced Flexible Algorithm for the Optimization of Slot Filling Factors in Electrical Machines JF - Energies N2 - The continuous development in the field of industrial automation and electric mobility has led to the need for more efficient electrical machines with a high power density. The improvement of electrical machines’ slot filling factors is one of the measures to satisfy these requirements. In recent years, this topic has aroused greater interest in the industrial sector, since the evolution of the winding technological manufacturing processes allows an economically sustainable realization of ordered winding arrangements, rather than random ones. Moreover, the manufacture of electrical machines’ windings must be preceded by an accurate design phase in which it is possible to evaluate the maximum slot filling factor obtainable for a given wire shape and for its dimensions. For this purpose, this paper presents an algorithmic approach for the evaluation of maximum slot filling factors in electrical machines under an ideal geometric premise. In particular, this algorithm has a greater degree of flexibility with respect to the algorithm approaches found in the literature, since the study has been extended to round, rectangular and hexagonal wire sections. Furthermore, the slot filling factor calculation was carried out both for standard and non-standard slots. The algorithmic approach proposed can be considered as an additional useful tool for the fast design of electrical machine windings. KW - electrical motors; sot filling factor; optimization algorithm; windings; magnetic wire; filling factor optimization Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/en13051041 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 13 IS - 5 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dietz, Armin A1 - Caruso, M. A1 - Di Tommaso, A. O. A1 - Miceli, R. A1 - Nevoloso, C. T1 - Enhanced Mathematical Modelling of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Considering Saturation, Cross-Coupling and Spatial Harmonics effects T2 - 2020 Fifteenth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER) N2 - The Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous machine (IPMSM) conventional mathematical model is generally employed to investigate and simulate the IPMSM control and drive system behaviour. However, magnetic nonlinearities and spatial harmonics have a substantial influence on the IPMSM electromagnetic behaviour and performances. In order to simulate the IPMSM real electromagnetic behaviour, this paper describes an enhanced mathematical model that takes into account the saturation, cross-coupling and spatial harmonics effects. This model has been implemented in Matlab®/Simulink environment where the electric and magnetic parameters are derived from FEA investigations and implemented by the use of lookup tables. The high fidelity of the proposed IPMSM Simulink model is validated by the results of the FEA investigations carried out. KW - Finite Element Analysis (FEA); Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM); saturation; cross- coupling; spatial harmonics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/ever48776.2020.9243003 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schier, Michael A1 - Epple, Fabius A1 - Maaoui, Aicha A1 - Schwellinger, Martin A1 - Weber, Michael A1 - Dietz, Armin A1 - Zimmermann, Rolf T1 - Development of a Two In One Motor System as a new Vehicle Energy Concept for Next Generation Car T2 - 2020 Fifteenth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER) KW - Air conditioning;Electric potential;Biological system modeling;Production;Automobiles;Next generation networking;Engines Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/ever48776.2020.9243148 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Freier, Carolin T1 - Wandel sozialwirtschaftlicher Arbeitswelt JF - Sozialwirtschaft aktuell Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5771/1619-2427-2020-18-1-1 SN - 1619-2427 VL - 30 IS - 18 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - Nomos Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bikas, Georgios A1 - Weigand, Peter A1 - Brilz, Marina A1 - Michos, Konstantinos T1 - High Resolution Global NOx Sub-Model for Embedded System Application with Low Calibration Effort T2 - SAE Technical Paper Series Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0246 SN - 0148-7191 PB - SAE International CY - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michos, Konstantinos N. A1 - Bikas, Georgios T1 - Quasi-Dimensional Multi-Zone Combustion Diagnostic Tool for SI Engines with Novel NOx and CO Emissions Models JF - SAE International Journal of Advances and Current Practices in Mobility N2 - In this work a quasi-dimensional multi-zone combustion diagnostic tool for homogeneous charge Spark Ignition (SI) engines is analytically developed for the evaluation of heat release, flame propagation, combustion velocities as well as engine-out NOx and CO emissions, based on in-cylinder pressure data analysis. The tool can be used to assess the effects of fuel, design and operating parameters on the SI engine combustion and NOx and CO emissions formation processes. "Certain novel features are included in the presently developed combustion diagnostic tool. Firstly, combustion chambers of any shape and spark plug position can be considered due to an advanced model for the calculation of the geometric interaction between a spherically expanding flame and a general combustion chamber geometry. Also, the temperature stratification of the burned gas developed during the combustion phase, which has to be captured for the theoretically realistic estimation of the in-cylinder formation of pollutant emissions, is taken into account by a multi-zone thermodynamic treatment. According to this, multiple spherically allocated burned zones are sequentially generated at specified (user-defined) crank angle intervals, forming overlapping shells. Moreover, complex chemical equilibrium compositions are computed, which can include any user-defined mixture of species in the combustion products, using an advanced modular method based on the minimization of Gibbs energy. Furthermore, NOx and CO engine-out emissions are calculated based on novel in-cylinder formation models presented by the authors in the past. Specifically, NOx emissions are evaluated by a global algebraic NOx emissions formation model, accounting for both thermal and subO pathway NO formation, based on the calculation of the characteristic timescales of the relevant NO formation mechanisms. CO emissions are assessed using a new kinetics-based model, consisting of a single Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) that can be analytically integrated. The CO emissions model is derived considering the dynamics of a representative pool of active radicals in post-flame gases and explicitly describes the CO oxidation quenching process. "The combustion diagnostic tool is applied to a lean burn gas engine at various engine speeds under full load conditions and constant lambda value. Various combustion and NOx and CO emissions related results are presented and discussed to illustrate the capabilities of the tool for combustion diagnosis, while at the same time calculated engine-out NOx and CO emissions are found to be in satisfactory agreement with measured ones. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0289 SN - 2641-9645 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 1818 EP - 1848 PB - SAE International ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bogdanski, Ralf A1 - Cailliau, Cathrin T1 - Wie das Lastenrad die Letzte Meile gewinnen kann BT - Potentiale und kritische Erfolgsfaktoren JF - Journal für Mobilität und Verkehr N2 - Lastenräder sind im Stadtverkehr noch eine Marktnische, sollen aber künftig fester Bestandteil der „Verkehrswende“ sein. So formulierte der Bundesverkehrsminister auf dem Nationalen Radverkehrskongress in Dresden im Mai 2019 als drittes Leitziel für den nächsten Nationalen Radverkehrsplan: „Urbane Lastenverkehre werden Radverkehre“ (BMVI, 2019). Das Verlagerungspotential im urbanen Wirtschaftsverkehr wird mit 20 % beziffert (Gruber & Rudolph 2016), in der Kurier-, Express- und Paket-Branche (KEP) sogar mit 30 % (Bogdanski et al., 2018). Zur Zielerreichung müssen drei kritische Erfolgsfaktoren berücksichtigt werden – wirtschaftliche Logistikkonzepte, logistikgerechte Lastenräder und eine dazu passende urbane Verkehrsinfrastruktur. In diesem Spannungsfeld ergibt sich eine Vielzahl von Handlungsnotwendigkeiten. Weiterhin bestehen urbane Lastenverkehre nur zu einem Teil aus KEP-Verkehren. Welche Potentiale schwere Lastenräder für andere Anwendungen im Lastenverkehr bieten, erörtert das Forschungsprojekt „PedeListics“ mit Kommunen und Unternehmen als Praxispartnern. KW - Nachhaltige Stadtlogistik, Lastenrad, Citylogistik, Mikro-Depot-Konzept Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34647/jmv.nr5.id36 SN - 2628-4154 IS - 5 SP - 22 EP - 29 PB - Sachsische Landesbibliothek, Staats- und Universitatsbibliothek Dresden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michos, Konstantinos N. A1 - Bikas, Georgios T1 - Quasi-Dimensional Multi-Zone Combustion Diagnostic Tool for SI Engines with Novel NOx and CO Emissions Models JF - SAE International Journal of Advances and Current Practices in Mobility N2 - <div class="section abstract"<div class="htmlview paragraph"In this work a quasi-dimensional multi-zone combustion diagnostic tool for homogeneous charge Spark Ignition (SI) engines is analytically developed for the evaluation of heat release, flame propagation, combustion velocities as well as engine-out NOx and CO emissions, based on in-cylinder pressure data analysis. The tool can be used to assess the effects of fuel, design and operating parameters on the SI engine combustion and NOx and CO emissions formation processes.</div<div class="htmlview paragraph"Certain novel features are included in the presently developed combustion diagnostic tool. Firstly, combustion chambers of any shape and spark plug position can be considered due to an advanced model for the calculation of the geometric interaction between a spherically expanding flame and a general combustion chamber geometry. Also, the temperature stratification of the burned gas developed during the combustion phase, which has to be captured for the theoretically realistic estimation of the in-cylinder formation of pollutant emissions, is taken into account by a multi-zone thermodynamic treatment. According to this, multiple spherically allocated burned zones are sequentially generated at specified (user-defined) crank angle intervals, forming overlapping shells. Moreover, complex chemical equilibrium compositions are computed, which can include any user-defined mixture of species in the combustion products, using an advanced modular method based on the minimization of Gibbs energy. Furthermore, NOx and CO engine-out emissions are calculated based on novel in-cylinder formation models presented by the authors in the past. Specifically, NOx emissions are evaluated by a global algebraic NOx emissions formation model, accounting for both thermal and N<sub2</subO pathway NO formation, based on the calculation of the characteristic timescales of the relevant NO formation mechanisms. CO emissions are assessed using a new kinetics-based model, consisting of a single Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) that can be analytically integrated. The CO emissions model is derived considering the dynamics of a representative pool of active radicals in post-flame gases and explicitly describes the CO oxidation quenching process.</div<div class="htmlview paragraph"The combustion diagnostic tool is applied to a lean burn gas engine at various engine speeds under full load conditions and constant lambda value. Various combustion and NOx and CO emissions related results are presented and discussed to illustrate the capabilities of the tool for combustion diagnosis, while at the same time calculated engine-out NOx and CO emissions are found to be in satisfactory agreement with measured ones.</div</div Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0289 SN - 2641-9645 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 1818 EP - 1848 PB - SAE International ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bikas, Georgios A1 - Weigand, Peter A1 - Brilz, Marina A1 - Michos, Konstantinos T1 - High Resolution Global NOx Sub-Model for Embedded System Application with Low Calibration Effort T2 - SAE Technical Paper Series N2 - The starting point of the present work is a global model of NOx formation for stoichiometric and lean combustion of hydrocarbons developed on the basis of a single non-linear algebraic equation. The latter is the exact solution of a system of differential equations describing the main kinetic reaction schemes of NOx formation, because it’s been analytically derived. The NOx sub-model incorporates the well-established thermal (extended Zeldovich) and the N2O reaction paths, which are considered to be the most relevant NOx production paths under certain operating conditions in arbitrary engine application. Furthermore, the NOx sub-model proposed here relies on well-established and adopted mechanisms like the GRI-Mech 3.0 [25] and consequently requires no parameter adjustment. The single equation NOx sub-model has been developed by the authors in a previous study [14] and shown satisfactory results when validated against test bench data of two different engines operated under stoichiometric and lean burn combustion conditions respectively. Therefore, there is a strong evidence, that its implementation on embedded systems for "in-situ" and "in memory" analysis of engine process data, or even its application as a virtual sensor, is of great importance. Unfortunately, the previous developed NOx sub-model requires a few seconds running time per engine cycle. This long running time makes the model though less attractive for a real-time application. In the current study the main goal is to drastically reduce the computational times without compromising robustness and accuracy. The require-ments for the time resolution on a dSpace Microautobox (MAB) is set to at least 1 kHz, meaning running times of the NOx sub-model of 1 ms per engine cycle, while its accuracy needs to be ensured at the levels of the detailed NOx sub-model as validated in [14]. The computationally most expensive steps have been identified and concern on the one hand the chemical equilibrium calculations based on the minimization of the free Gibbs energy and on the other hand the iterative solution method of the non-linear algebraic equation for the determination of the actual NOx concentration. Approaches for both steps have been developed and tested on the dSpace MAB II leading to an average computational time of 20 μs per point. Main focus of the present work is on the NOx sub-model and not the associated thermodynamic sub-models needed to describe the whole process. In order to cope with any uncertainties in NOx sub-model’s input parameters (p, T and mixture composition) only one calibration factor has been introduced and hence leads to low calibration effort. The final NOx sub-model results are compared to the detailed model and show a very good agreement. KW - Calibration KW - Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Lean burn engines Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0246 SN - 0148-7191 PB - SAE International CY - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Papastavrou, Areti A1 - Schmidt, Ina A1 - Steinmann, Paul T1 - On biological availability dependent bone remodeling JF - Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering N2 - Modeling the evolution of bone density is relevant for understanding, simulation and possible prediction of bone response to external and internal influences. In this work we present a formulation for the bone density evolution process that takes into account not only the commonly considered mechanical stimulus, but, as novelty, also the influence of the availability of nutrients and hormones, with its implementation pursued within the finite element method. A simple uni-axial extension test is used to illustrate and compare our novel model against the classical approach. The results of the proposed modified model are promising for application to real-life problems. KW - bone remodeling KW - density change KW - finite element method Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2020.1736050 SN - 1476-8259 VL - 23 (2020) PB - Informa UK Limited ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Papastavrou, Areti A1 - Schmidt, Ina A1 - Deng, Kefu A1 - Steinmann, Paul T1 - On age-dependent bone remodeling JF - Journal of Biomechanics N2 - A number of previous studies have investigated the possibilities of modelling the change in density of bones. Remodeling can be formulated at the constitutive or the kinematic level. In this work we introduce a formulation for the density growth process which takes not only the mechanical stimulus into account but also the influence of age on the evolution of growth. We demonstrate the implementation in the context of the finite element method. This novel approach is illustrated for a simple uniaxial extension test and is verified against previous numerical results. Moreover, two further physiologically motivated examples are performed. The results of the proposed modified model show excellent agreement with comparable results from literature and are promising for the application to real-life problems. KW - bone remodeling KW - density change KW - growth KW - finite element method KW - adaption Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109701 SN - 1873-2380 IS - 103 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ullmann, Daniela A1 - Kreimeier, Julian A1 - Götzelmann, Timo A1 - Kipke, Harald T1 - BikeVR BT - a virtual reality bicycle simulator towards sustainable urban space and traffic planning T2 - Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2020 N2 - While becoming more and more aware of the ongoing climate change, eco-friendly means of transport for all citizens are moving further into focus. In order to be able to implement specific measures, it is necessary to better understand and emphasize sustainable transportation like walking and cycling through focused research. When developing novel traffic concepts and urban spaces for non-motorized traffic participants like bicycles and pedestrians, traffic and urban planning must be focused on their needs. To provide rare qualitative factors (such as stress, the perception of time and attractiveness of the environment) in this context, we present an audiovisual VR bicycle simulator which allows the user to cycle through a virtual urban environment by physically pedaling and also steering. Virtual Reality (VR) is a suitable tool in this context, as study participants find identical and almost freely definable (virtual) urban spaces with adjustable traffic scenarios. Our preliminary prototype proved to be promising and will be further optimized and evaluated. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-4503-7540-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3404983.3410417 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Genslein, Thomas T1 - Konzeption und Realisierung einer Migrationsstrategie für die Prozessautomatisierungstechnik zum Wechsel auf Control Module Technologie N2 - Dieses Dokument beinhaltet den Abstract zur Masterarbeit von Thomas Genslein Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - THES A1 - Sand, Norbert T1 - Konzeption, Implementierung und Evaluation einer autonomen mobilen Robotik-Applikation in der Intralogistik N2 - Autonome mobile Roboter sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Zukunftsprojekts Industrie4.0. Sie ermöglichen die ganzheitliche Automatisierung und Digitalisierung von Lieferketten, finden aber auch zunehmend im Bereich der Produktion ihre Einsatzgebiete. Ein konkreter Anwendungsfall, die Optimierung der Materialzuführung an Bestücklinien, wird im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit behandelt. Im Wesentlichen geht es dabei um eine intelligente Just-in-Time-Anlieferung der benötigten SMD-Bauteilrollen mittels mobiler Roboter am Point-of-Use. Dazu wird ein detailliertes Konzept namens „Auto Supply Tower“ erarbeitet, zwei Roboter-Prototypen aufgebaut und eine zentrale Managementsoftware entwickelt. Mithilfe eines erfolgreich durchgeführten Proof-of-Concepts kann sowohl die technische Machbarkeit, als auch die wirtschaftliche Rentabilität nachgewiesen werden. Die Robotik-Anwendung wird dabei auch den hohen Ansprüchen der Automobilelektronik-Industrie gerecht. Dies betrifft sowohl die Sicherheits- und ESD-Technik, als auch die Prozessstabilität der Anwendung. Insgesamt steckt in der intelligenten Automatisierung der Materialzuführung großes Optimierungspotential, wodurch unnötige manuelle Tätigkeiten vermieden und beachtliche Personalkosten eingespart werden können. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Rothgang, Georg-Wilhelm A1 - Bach, Johannes T1 - Entwicklungspsychologie KW - Entwicklungspsychologie Y1 - 2020 UR - https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/thnuernberg/detail.action?docID=6386541 SN - 978-3-17-038362-3 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ET - 4. Aufl. ER - TY - THES A1 - Ratkus, Ovidijus T1 - Konzeption und Implementierung eines Email Services basierend auf einer Tagcloud Struktur N2 - Das Ziel der Bachelorarbeit ist die Konzeption einer Email Service Web Applikation. Das Kern Feature ist die Visualisierung der Emails in einer Tagcloud Struktur. Dazu wird Google’s Gmail API verwendet. Ein Node.js Server ist für das aufbereiten der Daten zuständig. Als dritter Akteur wird ein React Frontend verwendet um die aufbereiteten Daten weiter zu benutzen. Zur Datendarstellung wird die d3.js Library verwendet. Diese Technologien bilden das Grundgerüst der Applikation. Ziel ist es mit der neuen Visualisierung der Emails eine neue Perspektive der Email Inbox zu erhalten und Interaktion mit Datenabbildung zu verbinden. KW - Tag Cloud, Email, Javascript, Interaktion, React, Node KW - E-Mail KW - World Wide Web / Anwendungssystem Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stoll, Joachim T1 - COVID 19 - Stop the Hurricane (15.11./18.10.2020) N2 - Die Performance der Kontaktverfolgung, Isolation und Quarantäne bleibt deutlich hinter den Möglichkeiten zurück und trägt zu wenig zur Reduktion der Reproduktionszahlen bei. In Kombination mit einer nachlassenden Mitwirkung der Bevölkerung könnte bald ein Punkt erreicht sein, an dem wir nur noch auf die Impfung warten können. Wir müssen schnellstmöglich auf ein Niveau der Neuinfektionen zurückzukehren, auf dem die Gesundheitsämter einen Beitrag leisten können. Wir brauchen eine Stelle, die für durchgängig (!) pfeilschnelle (!) Abläufe im Gesamtprozess (Test-Zugang, schnellste Auswertung und Mitteilung von Testergebnissen, umgehende Isolierung, Kontaktverfolgung, Testung der Kontakte sowie wirksame Quarantäne.) verantwortlich zeichnet. Dabei sollten Kompetenzen zu Management, Organisation, zeitlichen Abläufen, 24/7-Betrieb, Drive-In-Testing, detektivischer Arbeit, IT-Einsatz und mathematisch basierter Optimierung des Gesamtprozesses im Vordergrund stehen. KW - COVID 19 KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - Kontaktverfolgung KW - Konzept KW - Infektionskrankheit KW - Pandemie KW - Sozialer Kontakt KW - Strategie Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:92-opus4-6778 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Sowa, Frank ED - Zitzmann, Christina T1 - Anders lehren und lernen BT - Forschendes Service Learning über Lebenswelten von Menschen in Wohnungsnot KW - Entdeckendes Lernen KW - Service Learning KW - Sozialarbeit KW - Obdachlosigkeit KW - Hochschuldidaktik Y1 - 2020 UR - https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/thnuernberg/detail.action?docID=6341751 SN - 978-3-7344-1065-9 N1 - Belegexemplar PB - Wochenschau-Verl. CY - Frankfurt a. M. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geißendörfer, Jakob T1 - Ist eine vollständig regenerative Energieversorgung möglich? (Kurzbericht) BT - Analyse der Speicher- und Leistungskapazitäten der erneuerbaren Energien in Mittelfranken N2 - Im Rahmen des Projekts Energietechnik im aktuellen Semester an der Technischen Hochschule Nürnberg analysieren die Studenten jeweils eine Teilregion in der Europäischen Metropolregion Nürnberg. Hierbei soll der Verbrauch ganzjährig über regenerative Energien und effiziente Speicher entdeckt werden. T3 - Online-Energiekonferenz der Fakultät Maschinenbau, Schwerpunkt Energietechnik am 30.06.2020 - 2,1 KW - Power-to-X Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:92-opus4-6708 ER -