2430 2022 2022 eng 9 10 article MDPI AG 0 -- -- -- Enhanced quadrivalent influenza vaccines that include an adjuvant (aQIV) or a high dose of antigen (QIV-HD), which stimulate a stronger immune response in older adults than the standard vaccine (QIVe), are now approved. The objective of this research is to compare available vaccines and determine the cost-effectiveness of immunizing persons aged 65 years and above with aQIV compared to QIVe and QIV-HD in Germany. A compartmental transmission model calibrated to outpatient visits for influenza in Germany was used to predict the number of medically attended infections using the three vaccines. The rates of hospitalizations, deaths, and other economic consequences were estimated with a decision tree using German data where available. Based on meta-analysis, the rVE of −2.5% to 8.9% for aQIV versus QIV-HD, the vaccines are similar clinically, but aQIV is cost saving compared to QIV-HD (unit cost of EUR 40.55). All results were most sensitive to changes in vaccine effectiveness. aQIV may be cost-effective compared to QIVe depending on the willingness to pay for additional benefits in Germany. As aQIV and QIV-HD are similar in terms of effectiveness, aQIV is cost saving compared to QIV-HD at current unit prices. Vaccines 2076-393X 10.3390/vaccines10091386 true {"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:13:35Z","timestamp":1722816815937},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Seqirus USA Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enhanced quadrivalent influenza vaccines that include an adjuvant (aQIV) or a high dose of antigen (QIV-HD), which stimulate a stronger immune response in older adults than the standard vaccine (QIVe), are now approved. The objective of this research is to compare available vaccines and determine the cost-effectiveness of immunizing persons aged 65 years and above with aQIV compared to QIVe and QIV-HD in Germany. A compartmental transmission model calibrated to outpatient visits for influenza in Germany was used to predict the number of medically attended infections using the three vaccines. The rates of hospitalizations, deaths, and other economic consequences were estimated with a decision tree using German data where available. Based on meta-analysis, the rVE of \u22122.5% to 8.9% for aQIV versus QIV-HD, the vaccines are similar clinically, but aQIV is cost saving compared to QIV-HD (unit cost of EUR 40.55). All results were most sensitive to changes in vaccine effectiveness. aQIV may be cost-effective compared to QIVe depending on the willingness to pay for additional benefits in Germany. As aQIV and QIV-HD are similar in terms of effectiveness, aQIV is cost saving compared to QIV-HD at current unit prices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10091386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T06:09:36Z","timestamp":1661926176000},"page":"1386","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Cost-Effectiveness of Vaccination of Older Adults with an MF59-Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Compared to Other Available Quadrivalent Vaccines in Germany"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6032-9356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele A.","family":"Kohli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quadrant Health Economics Inc., 92 Cottonwood Crescent, Cambridge, ON N1T 2J1, Canada"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Maschio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quadrant Health Economics Inc., 92 Cottonwood Crescent, Cambridge, ON N1T 2J1, Canada"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Cartier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quadrant Health Economics Inc., 92 Cottonwood Crescent, Cambridge, ON N1T 2J1, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4847-5956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquin","family":"Mould-Quevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seqirus USA Inc., 25 Deforest Avenue, Summit, NJ 07901, USA"}]},{"given":"Frank-Ulrich","family":"Fricke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule N\u00fcrnberg, Bahnhofstra\u00dfe 87, 90402 N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12434","article-title":"Estimation of influenza-attributable medically attended acute respiratory illness by influenza type\/subtype and age, Germany, 2001\/02\u20132014\/15","volume":"11","author":"Buchholz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir. 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Kohli Michael Maschio Shannon Cartier Joaquin Mould-Quevedo Frank-Ulrich Fricke Fakultät Betriebswirtschaft