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    <title language="deu">Empfehlungen zur Durchführung einer Polygraphie oder Polysomnographie im Bereich Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen, nichterholsamer Schlaf oder erhöhte Tagesmüdigkeit sind unspezifische Symptome von heute ca. 100 unterscheidbaren Störungsbildern, die in der kommenden 11. Revision der Internationalen statistischen Klassifikation der Krankheiten (ICD-11) erstmals als eigenes Kapitel 7 „Schlaf-Wach-Störungen“ zusammengefasst werden. Mit Blick auf den Fachbereich Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie besteht ein bidirektionaler Zusammenhang zwischen Schlaf-Wach-Störungen und psychischen Erkrankungen. Schlaf-Wach-Störungen können einen unabhängigen Risikofaktor für das Entstehen einer psychischen Erkrankung darstellen und den Erkrankungsverlauf ungünstig beeinflussen. Zudem können Schlaf-Wach-Störungen einer psychischen Erkrankung auch als Frühsymptom vorausgehen und damit ein wichtiger Hinweis bei der Früherkennung sein. Zahlreiche Schlaf-Wach-Störungen können anhand der Anamnese und üblicher klinischer Untersuchungen diagnostiziert werden. Bei spezielleren Fragestellungen können die Untersuchung in einem speziali-sierten Schlaflabor und die Behandlung in einem schlafmedizinischen Zentrum im Sinne einer gestuften Versorgung notwendig sein. Hier ist die Polysomnographie die wichtigste Untersuchungsmethode für die Differenzialdiagnostik, für deren Abrechnung über die Kostenträger heute in Deutschland jedoch keine gesetzliche Grundlage im Bereich neuro-psychiatrischer Störungen besteht. Die vorliegende Arbeit fasst die aktuellen Leitlinien hinsichtlich der Kriterien für eine Untersuchung im Schlaflabor aus Sicht des Fachgebiets Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie zusammen und stellt daraus abgeleitet Forderungen für eine leitliniengerechte Diagnostik und Behandlung.</abstract>
    <abstract language="eng">Difficulties in falling asleep and maintaining sleep, nonrestorative sleep and decreased daytime wakefulness represent very common but relatively unspecific health complaints. Around 100 specific sleep-related disorders will be classified in their own major chap. 7 (sleep wake disorders) for the first time in the upcoming 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 11). With respect to the disciplines of psychiatry and psychotherapy there is a bidirectional relationship between mental health and sleep wake disorders. Sleep wake disorders can be an independent risk factor for the onset of a mental disorder and have a negative influence on the course of the disease. In addition, sleep wake disorders can also precede a mental disease as an early symptom and therefore be an important indication for early recognition. Many sleep wake disorders can be diagnosed based on the anamnesis and routine clinical investigations. In special cases, examination in a specialized sleep laboratory and treatment in a sleep medicine center following a staged care approach can be mandatory. Polysomnography represents the gold standard for the differential diagnostics; however, there is no legal foundation in the field of neuro-psychiatric disorders for remuneration in the German healthcare system. This review summarizes the current guidelines with respect to the criteria for an investigation in a sleep laboratory from the perspective of the disciplines of psychiatry and psychotherapy. From this the requirements for guideline-conform diagnostics and treatment are derived.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Der Nervenarzt</parentTitle>
    <subTitle language="deu">Positionspapier des DGPPN-Referats Schlafmedizin</subTitle>
    <additionalTitle language="eng">Recommendations on performing polygraphy or polysomnography in the fields of psychiatry and psychotherapy</additionalTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0028-2804</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00115-019-00855-2</identifier>
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    <author>Lukas Frase</author>
    <author>Jens Acker</author>
    <author>Stefan Cohrs</author>
    <author>Heidi Danker-Hopfe</author>
    <author>Corinna Frohn</author>
    <author>Robert Göder</author>
    <author>Nicole Mauche</author>
    <author>Christine Norra</author>
    <author>Thomas Pollmächer</author>
    <author>Kneginja Richter</author>
    <author>Dieter Riemann</author>
    <author>Claudia Schilling</author>
    <author>Hans-Günter Weeß</author>
    <author>Thomas C. Wetter</author>
    <author>Christoph Nissen</author>
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    <title language="eng">Restless Legs Syndrome Prevalence and Clinical Correlates Among Psychiatric Inpatients</title>
    <abstract language="eng">BackgroundThere are only limited reports on the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with psychiatric disorders. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates in psychiatric inpatients in Germany and Switzerland.MethodsThis is a multicenter cross-sectional study of psychiatric inpatients with an age above 18 years that were diagnosed and evaluated face-to-face using the International RLS Study Group criteria (IRLSSG) and the International RLS severity scale (IRLS). In addition to sociodemographic and biometric data, sleep quality and mood were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). In addition to univariate statistics used to describe and statistically analyze differences in variables of interest between patients with and without RLS, a logistic model was employed to identify predictors for the occurrence of RLS.ResultsThe prevalence of RLS in a sample of 317 psychiatric inpatients was 16.4%, and 76.9% of these were diagnosed with RLS for the first time. RLS severity was moderate to severe (IRLS ± SD: 20.3 ± 8.4). The prevalences in women (p = 0.0036) and in first-degree relatives with RLS (p = 0.0108) as well as the body mass index (BMI, p = 0.0161) were significantly higher among patients with RLS, while alcohol consumption was significantly lower in the RLS group. With the exception of atypical antipsychotics, treatment with psychotropic drugs was not associated with RLS symptoms. Regarding subjective sleep quality and mood, scores of the PSQI (p = 0.0007), ISI (p = 0.0003), and ESS (p = 0.0005) were higher in patients with RLS, while PHQ-9 scores were not different. A logistic regression analysis identified gender (OR 2.67; 95% CI [1.25; 5.72]), first-degree relatives with RLS (OR 3.29; 95% CI [1.11; 9.73], ESS score (OR 1.09; 95% CI [1.01; 1.17]), and rare alcohol consumption (OR 0.45; 95% CI [0.22; 0.94] as predictors for RLS.ConclusionsClinically significant RLS had a high prevalence in psychiatric patients. RLS was associated with higher BMI, impaired sleep quality, and lower alcohol consumption. A systematic assessment of restless legs symptoms might contribute to improve the treatment of psychiatric patients.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Frontiers in Psychiatry</parentTitle>
    <subTitle language="eng">a multicenter study</subTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1664-0640</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3389/fpsyt.2022.846165</identifier>
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The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates in psychiatric inpatients in Germany and Switzerland.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;&lt;\/jats:sec&gt;&lt;jats:sec&gt;&lt;jats:title&gt;Methods&lt;\/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;This is a multicenter cross-sectional study of psychiatric inpatients with an age above 18 years that were diagnosed and evaluated face-to-face using the International RLS Study Group criteria (IRLSSG) and the International RLS severity scale (IRLS). In addition to sociodemographic and biometric data, sleep quality and mood were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). In addition to univariate statistics used to describe and statistically analyze differences in variables of interest between patients with and without RLS, a logistic model was employed to identify predictors for the occurrence of RLS.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;&lt;\/jats:sec&gt;&lt;jats:sec&gt;&lt;jats:title&gt;Results&lt;\/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;The prevalence of RLS in a sample of 317 psychiatric inpatients was 16.4%, and 76.9% of these were diagnosed with RLS for the first time. RLS severity was moderate to severe (IRLS \u00b1 SD: 20.3 \u00b1 8.4). The prevalences in women (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;\/jats:italic&gt; = 0.0036) and in first-degree relatives with RLS (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;\/jats:italic&gt; = 0.0108) as well as the body mass index (BMI, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;\/jats:italic&gt; = 0.0161) were significantly higher among patients with RLS, while alcohol consumption was significantly lower in the RLS group. With the exception of atypical antipsychotics, treatment with psychotropic drugs was not associated with RLS symptoms. Regarding subjective sleep quality and mood, scores of the PSQI (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;\/jats:italic&gt; = 0.0007), ISI (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;\/jats:italic&gt; = 0.0003), and ESS (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;\/jats:italic&gt; = 0.0005) were higher in patients with RLS, while PHQ-9 scores were not different. A logistic regression analysis identified gender (OR 2.67; 95% CI [1.25; 5.72]), first-degree relatives with RLS (OR 3.29; 95% CI [1.11; 9.73], ESS score (OR 1.09; 95% CI [1.01; 1.17]), and rare alcohol consumption (OR 0.45; 95% CI [0.22; 0.94] as predictors for RLS.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;&lt;\/jats:sec&gt;&lt;jats:sec&gt;&lt;jats:title&gt;Conclusions&lt;\/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;Clinically significant RLS had a high prevalence in psychiatric patients. RLS was associated with higher BMI, impaired sleep quality, and lower alcohol consumption. 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