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    <publishedDate>2026-02-05</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Integrated Optics for Efficient Fluorescence Collection from Deep Single NV centers</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Efficient collection of fluorescence light is essential for all optically adressable qubit platforms. For the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, the high refractive index of the host medium poses a major challenge as it limits the solid angle under which fluorescence light can leave the crystal. To enhance collection efficiency from single NV centers, we design and simulate micro-optical elements that shall be directly fabricated on the diamond surface using two-photon polymerization. Several optical designs and photoresists are evaluated for their expected coupling efficiency into single-mode fibers and their tolerance to fabrication errors. Additionally, an analytical solution for single lens collimation of the emission of a point source in diamond at a specific wavelength is presented, as well as considerations regarding the degradation of wavefront quality in multi-wavelength Fresnel designs.</abstract>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Robert Bruss</author>
    <author>Lucas Kirchbach</author>
    <author>Andreas Stute</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NV center</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>integrated optics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>fluorescence collection</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>diamond</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Elektrotechnik Feinwerktechnik Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät Angewandte Mathematik, Physik und Allgemeinwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="Forschungsschwerpunkt" number="2">Materialien &amp; Produktionstechnik</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4715</id>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <publishedDate>2026-03-04</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Simulation-Based Approach for Programming a Spatial Light Modulator for Deterministic fs-Laser Writing of NV-Centers in Diamond</title>
    <abstract language="eng">To generate deterministically placed vacancies in a diamond crystal, a high spatial-temporal energy density must be achieved in the crystal. Consequently, the wavefront of a fs-laser shall be corrected via a spatial light modulator (SLM) prior to entering the high numerical aperture focusing optics. This work presents an optical model that allows for calculating the phase mask to be imposed by the SLM. To validate the accuracy of the model, crystal samples of different thickness are used in a test setup to intentionally introduce aberrations. The model is verified via comparing such wavefront measurements with the model predictions.</abstract>
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    <author>Julian Staniewski</author>
    <author>Lucas Kirchbach</author>
    <author>Andreas Giese</author>
    <author>Bernd Braun</author>
    <author>Andreas Stute</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NV-Center</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SLM</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Optical Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wavefront Sensor</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Beam Shaping</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Elektrotechnik Feinwerktechnik Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät Angewandte Mathematik, Physik und Allgemeinwissenschaften</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>4701</id>
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    <publishedDate>2026-02-05</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Setup of a Confocal Fluorescence Microscope for the Detection and Characterization of Single NV Centers in Diamond</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Single nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond serve as a photonic platform for quantum sensing and computing applications. They can be created deterministically using femtosecond laser pulses. Such writing process requires high-resolution fluorescence detection with a high signal-to-noise ratio, which is accomplished by setting up a homebuilt confocal fluorescence microscope. The microscope shall monitor the fluorescence of newly formed NV centers during the writing process. In addition, it will be used to characterize the NV centers’ spin coherence times, orientation in the diamond lattice and single-emitter characteristics via the intensity correlation function g(2)(tau). In the future, this setup is also planned to be employed for STED-microscopy of twin NV centers.</abstract>
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    <author>Manuel Riedmann</author>
    <author>Lucas Kirchbach</author>
    <author>Andreas Stute</author>
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  <doc>
    <id>4700</id>
    <completedYear>2026</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Optical Integration of single NV-centers for Quantum Computing and Sensing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Single Nitrogen-Vacancy centers (NV-centers) in diamond can be operated at ambient conditions as qubits in quantum memories and nanoscale quantum sensors. At TH Nürnberg, we plan to deterministically generate single NV-centers via femtosecond-laser pulses and integrate them into photonic platforms via 3D-printed microoptics and fs-written waveguides. This presentation gives a summary about our activites: The design and analysis of micro-lens systems to be manufactured via Two-Photon Polymerization on top of individual, self-written NV-centers for increased photon-collection efficiency, the programming of a spatial light modulator for wavefront optimization, the setup of a confocal scanning fluorescence microscope that addresses individual NV-Centers and laser material processing that allows to shape the diamond surface and to fabricate waveguides in the diamond for efficient optical coupling.</abstract>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-ND - Namensnennung - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Lucas Kirchbach</author>
    <author>Andreas Giese</author>
    <author>Julian Staniewski</author>
    <author>Manuel Riedmann</author>
    <author>Robert Bruss</author>
    <author>Bernd Braun</author>
    <author>Andreas Stute</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Stickstoff-Fehlstellenzentrum</value>
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      <value>Optik</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Quantum</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Integrierte Optik</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quantum</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NV-center</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>diamond</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>spin</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>solid-state</value>
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    <id>4680</id>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>160</pageFirst>
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    <pageNumber>8</pageNumber>
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    <issue/>
    <volume>139</volume>
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    <publisherName>Elsevier BV</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Path planning of energy-efficient automated guided vehicles material transportation in manufacturing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Automated guided vehicles systems (AGVS) are of increasing importance regarding material transportation in manufacturing since companies can benefit from the application of these systems. However, AGVS cause high energy consumption for material transportation. This consumption can vary within material transportation paths due to movements such as turns, which may lead to deceleration and acceleration of the vehicle. Hence, planning energy-efficient paths for AGVS-conducted material transportation processes is of great importance, but it leads to a high planning effort within the companies. This paper describes the development of a novel method that facilitates manufacturing companies to plan energy-efficient paths for AGVS-conducted material transportation processes with low effort. First, relevant requirements for the method are defined. Then, an existing pathfinding algorithm is selected based on the predefined requirements. Afterwards, a general framework for determining optimal paths of AGVS in manufacturing facilities regarding energy consumption is developed prior to the description of a holistic procedure for planning energy-efficient paths in manufacturing. Finally, the method is validated for a sample manufacturing environment.</abstract>
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    <author>Sebastian Schötz</author>
    <author>Christian Pfitzner</author>
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      <value>Path Planning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mobile Robots</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mobile Robotik</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Automated Guided Vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Produktionssysteme</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy Efficiency</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sustainability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Intralogistik</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Elektrotechnik Feinwerktechnik Informationstechnik</collection>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <publisherName>Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern</publisherName>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2026-02-23</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Fundamentals of nonlinear Sound Design</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This lesson presents the general sound design process, game elements, and the functions of sound in games. The differences between linear and nonlinear sound design are discussed and illustrated with examples. The key stages of the sound design process sourcing, designing and implementation are explained in detail. Additionally, the important concept of layering is introduced and supported by sound examples. The six game elements as well as methods for setting the mood, creating a sense of space and providing sonic feedback are presented.</abstract>
    <subTitle language="eng">Lesson 1</subTitle>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Deutsches Urheberrecht gilt</licence>
    <author>Tom Schmid</author>
    <author>Alexander von Hoffmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sounddesign</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>UX Sound</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Game Audio</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Game Design</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Elektrotechnik Feinwerktechnik Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Ohm User Experience Center (Ohm-UX)</collection>
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    <completedYear>2025</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>0:04</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
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    <type>sound</type>
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    <completedDate>2026-02-12</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
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    <title language="deu">Speech stimulus without dynamic range compression, normalized to −23 LUFS (EBU R128)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This audio file contains a speech stimulus provided in WAV format (PCM). The signal was not subjected to dynamic range compression and was normalized to an integrated loudness of −23 LUFS in accordance with EBU R128. The file is intended for controlled experimental use in perceptual audio research.</abstract>
    <subTitle language="eng">Uncompressed speech stimulus for perceptual audio research</subTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:92-opus4-46578</identifier>
    <note>File format: WAV (PCM, uncompressed)&#13;
Sampling rate: 48 kHz&#13;
Bit depth: 24 bit&#13;
Channels: Mono&#13;
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Felix Dennerlein</author>
    <series>
      <title>UX Sound and Auditory Stimuli (UXSAS) Database</title>
      <number>103</number>
    </series>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Audiodatei</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Sprachsignal</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Sounddesign</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Auditive Wahrnehmung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Akustisches Signal</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>dynamic range compression</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>speech stimulus</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>auditory perception</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>psychoacoustics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>listening test</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Elektrotechnik Feinwerktechnik Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Ohm User Experience Center (Ohm-UX)</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ohm/files/4657/speech_original_LUFS-23.wav</file>
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    <id>4648</id>
    <completedYear>2025</completedYear>
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    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>5</pageNumber>
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    <publishedDate>2025-10-29</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Range Extension of PMMA POF Sensors Beyond 100 M for Monitoring Large Infrastructures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A POF integral length and extension sensor based on phase detection of intensity modulated light with fiber sensor lengths beyond 100 m for monitoring large infrastructures is discussed. A theory for a scaling law of the precision limit over length and modulation frequency is presented. Experimental results using green light for sensor ranges above 100 m are shown.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">33rd International Conference on Plastic Optical Fibers</parentTitle>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Deutsches Urheberrecht gilt</licence>
    <author>Rainer Engelbrecht</author>
    <author>Michael Luber</author>
    <author>Juri Vinogradov</author>
    <author>Moritz Hemmerlein</author>
    <author>Mathias Pick</author>
    <author>Olaf Ziemann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fiber sensor</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>length sensor</value>
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    <subject>
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      <value>structural health monitoring</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>large infrastructures</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Elektrotechnik Feinwerktechnik Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Polymer Optical Fiber Application Center</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>4457</id>
    <completedYear>2025</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>9438</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9445</pageLast>
    <pageNumber>8</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>10</volume>
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    <title language="eng">Doppler-SLAM: Doppler-Aided Radar-Inertial and LiDAR-Inertial Simultaneous Localization and Mapping</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Simultaneous localization and mapping is a critical capability for autonomous systems. Traditional SLAM approaches often rely on visual or LiDAR sensors and face significant challenges in adverse conditions such as low light or featureless environments. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel Doppler-aided radar-inertial and LiDAR-inertial SLAM framework that leverages the complementary strengths of 4D radar, FMCW LiDAR, and inertial measurement units. Our system integrates Doppler velocity measurements and spatial data into a tightly-coupled front-end and graph optimization back-end to provide enhanced ego velocity estimation, accurate odometry, and robust mapping. We also introduce a Doppler-based scan-matching technique to improve front-end odometry in dynamic environments. In addition, our framework incorporates an innovative online extrinsic calibration mechanism, utilizing Doppler velocity and loop closure to dynamically maintain sensor alignment. Extensive evaluations on both public and proprietary datasets show that our system significantly outperforms state-of-the-art radar-SLAM and LiDAR-SLAM frameworks in terms of accuracy and robustness. To encourage further research, the code of our Doppler-SLAM and our dataset are available at: https://github.com/Wayne-DWA/Doppler-SLAM .</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters</parentTitle>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Dong Wang</author>
    <author>Hannes Haag</author>
    <author>Daniel Casado Herraez</author>
    <author>Stefan May</author>
    <author>Cyrill Stachniss</author>
    <author>Andreas Nüchter</author>
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    <pageNumber>17</pageNumber>
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    <title language="eng">Centralized SoC Balancing for Batteries with Droop-Controlled DC/DC Converters for Electric Aircraft</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this article, an approach to balance the State of Charge (SoC) of two batteries connected to the DC bus of a fuel cell (FC) electric aircraft by Droop-controlled converters is described. The proposed algorithm is based on shifting the Droop reference voltages and prevents the simultaneous charging and discharging of the batteries. This approach is not only practical but also highly versatile, as it is compatible with all converters as long as the Droop voltage can be changed remotely, and a current measurement is provided to a central controller. No further programming access to the DC/DCs is necessary. There is no need for nonlinear or different-valued Droop resistances for charging and discharging. The balancing approach is validated via simulation in MATLAB/Simulink 2024a.The results show that the proposed approach achieves SoC balancing without degrading the dynamic performance of the grid. The delays added by the slower communication with the central controller have a minimal impact on performance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
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The proposed algorithm is based on shifting the Droop reference voltages and prevents the simultaneous charging and discharging of the batteries. This approach is not only practical but also highly versatile, as it is compatible with all converters as long as the Droop voltage can be changed remotely, and a current measurement is provided to a central controller. No further programming access to the DC\/DCs is necessary. There is no need for nonlinear or different-valued Droop resistances for charging and discharging. The balancing approach is validated via simulation in MATLAB\/Simulink 2024a.The results show that the proposed approach achieves SoC balancing without degrading the dynamic performance of the grid. 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    <author>Elias Berschneider</author>
    <author>Bernhard Wagner</author>
    <author>Markus Meindl</author>
    <author>Bernd Eckardt</author>
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