@article{ScheckeBohnScherbaumetal.2024, author = {Schecke, Henrike and Bohn, Annette and Scherbaum, Norbert and Sander, Dirk and St{\"o}ver, Heino and Deimel, Daniel}, title = {Chemsex, psychische Gesundheit und internalisierte Homonegativit{\"a}t bei M{\"a}nnern, die Sex mit M{\"a}nnern haben}, series = {SUCHT}, volume = {70}, journal = {SUCHT}, number = {6}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, issn = {0939-5911}, doi = {10.1024/0939-5911/a000900}, pages = {321 -- 330}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Zusammenfassung: Zielsetzung: Chemsex bedeutet Substanzkonsum im sexuellen Kontext und ist mit M{\"a}nnern, die Sex mit M{\"a}nnern haben assoziiert. Typische Substanzen sind Methamphetamine, GHB/GBL, Ketamin und Mephedron. Chemsex ist mit psychischer Belastung assoziiert. Internalisierte Homonegativit{\"a}t gilt als Erkl{\"a}rungsansatz. Die Studie {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft die Hypothese, ob Chemsex-Verhalten mit einem h{\"o}heren Ausmaß an psychischer Belastung und internalisierter Homonegativit{\"a}t einhergeht und welche Rolle georeferenzierte Dating-Apps bei Chemsex-Konsumenten spielen. Methodik: Die Datenerhebung erfolgte als Onlineumfrage. Es wurden Daten zu Depressivit{\"a}t (PHQ-9), Somatisierung (PHQ-15) und generalisierter Angst (GAD 7) und internalisierter Homonegativit{\"a}t (Reaction to Homosexuality Scale) erhoben. Ergebnisse: N=280 berichteten von Chemsex (CS), N=534 konsumierten andere Substanzen im sexuellen Kontext, N= 170 konsumierten im sexuellen Kontext nicht (NSSK). Es zeigten sich signifikante Unterschiede zwischen CS und NSSK bei der Somatisierung. CS wies ein signifikant geringeres Ausmaß internalisierter Homonegativit{\"a}t auf. CS nutzten signifikant h{\"a}ufiger georeferenzierte Dating-Apps. Schlussfolgerung: Internalisierte Homonegativit{\"a}t war unter Chemsex-Konsumenten am geringsten ausgepr{\"a}gt und scheint Chemsex-Verhalten nicht zu beg{\"u}nstigen. Die psychische Belastung war erh{\"o}ht. M{\"o}glicherweise tragen soziale Normierungsprozesse, verst{\"a}rkt durch die Verwendung von Dating-Apps, zur Erkl{\"a}rung von Chemsex bei.}, language = {de} } @article{FleissnerStoeverSchaefferetal.2025, author = {Fleißner, Simon and St{\"o}ver, Heino and Sch{\"a}ffer, Dirk and Wodarz-von Essen, Heike and Deimel, Daniel and Wodarz, Norbert}, title = {Take-home naloxone in opioid dependency}, series = {Deutsches {\"A}rzteblatt international}, journal = {Deutsches {\"A}rzteblatt international}, number = {122}, publisher = {Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH}, issn = {1866-0452}, doi = {10.3238/arztebl.m2025.0030}, pages = {240 -- 244}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Background: There were 2227 drug-related deaths in Germany in 2023, corresponding to a rise of 12\% over the previous year and a doubling over the course of a decade. Approximately 60\% of these deaths were related to opioid consumption. In this narrative review, we discuss whether take-home naloxone (THN) might lower the mortality of persons with opioid dependency. Methods: This review is based on pertinent publications that were retrieved by a selective search in PubMed. Results: Seven observational studies of the mortality of persons with opioid dependency were included in the analysis. The available evidence for the intervention is on a low level. The studies indicate an overall lowering of mortality even though a significant reduction in drug-related deaths was not always achieved. It was concluded in a meta-analysis of 9 observational studies that 9.2\% (95\% confidence interval, [5.2; 13.1]) of the THN kits provided were actually used in the first three months to prevent opioid overdose-related death. In a Canadian study, 43\% [41; 45] of the naloxone kits that were handed out over a period of 8 years were used and successfully prevented opioid overdose-related death. The latter figures suggest that the use of THN may have been systematically underestimated to date. Conclusion: Demonstrating the efficacy of THN is difficult because of the nature of the research topic. Current evidence implies that THN lowers the mortality of persons with opioid dependence. It is estimated that only about 1.3\% of opioid dependent people have been provided with THN in Germany thus far. A major expansion of the provision and use of THN could contribute to a further reduction in opioid-related deaths. Cite this as: Fleissner S, St{\"o}ver H, Sch{\"a}ffer D, Wodarz-von Essen H, Deimel D, Wodarz N: Take-home naloxone in opioid dependency: An intervention to reduce opioid-related deaths.}, language = {en} } @article{FleissnerSteimleStoeveretal.2025, author = {Fleißner, Simon and Steimle, Larissa and St{\"o}ver, Heino and Werse, Bernd and Deimel, Daniel}, title = {Aktuelle Situation in offenen Drogenszenen und Einfluss sich ver{\"a}ndernder Drogenm{\"a}rkte}, series = {Suchttherapie}, volume = {26}, journal = {Suchttherapie}, number = {3}, publisher = {Georg Thieme Verlag KG}, issn = {1439-9903}, doi = {10.1055/a-2557-5976}, pages = {118 -- 123}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Offene Drogenszenen finden sich in jeder deutschen Großstadt und werfen sowohl Fragen der {\"o}ffentlichen Ordnung als auch der Gesundheit auf. In diesem Beitrag wird die Situation offener Drogenszenen in Deutschland dargestellt und wie diese durch sich ver{\"a}ndernde Drogenm{\"a}rkte beeinflusst werden. Es wurde ein selektives narratives Review durchgef{\"u}hrt.Menschen in offenen Drogenszenen befinden sich h{\"a}ufig in prek{\"a}ren Lebenssituationen und haben einen im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbev{\"o}lkerung schlechteren gesundheitlichen Zustand. Die hohe Verf{\"u}gbarkeit von Kokain in Europa und das m{\"o}glicherweise ausbleiben von Heroin aus Afghanistan kann negative Auswirkungen auf die offenen Drogenszenen haben. Auf die Ver{\"a}nderungen der Drogenm{\"a}rkte m{\"u}ssen sich die Angebote an die offene Drogenszene anpassen, wie am Beispiel Crack deutlich wird. F{\"u}r ein Aufkommen von synthetischen Opioiden k{\"o}nnen bereits jetzt Vorbereitungen getroffen werden. Insgesamt sind ein diversifiziertes Hilfesystem und ein stringentes stadtpolitisches Handeln unter Beteiligung aller Akteur:innen, eine Entkriminalisierung der Konsumierenden illegaler psychoaktiver Substanzen sowie legale Zug{\"a}nge zu Substanzen wichtige Schl{\"u}ssel zu einer Verbesserung der Lebenssituation der Menschen in offenen Drogenszenen. Drogenpolitische Entscheidungen sollten auch mit Blick auf internationale Drogenm{\"a}rkte und deren Einfluss auf offene Drogenszenen getroffen werden.}, language = {de} } @article{FleissnerSteimleSchaefferetal.2025, author = {Fleißner, Simon and Steimle, Larissa and Sch{\"a}ffer, Dirk and Werse, Bernd and Deimel, Daniel and Kuban, Maria and St{\"o}ver, Heino}, title = {The implementation of take-home naloxone: Lessons learned from a 3-year take-home naloxone project in Germany}, series = {Harm Reduction Journal}, volume = {22}, journal = {Harm Reduction Journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, issn = {1477-7517}, doi = {10.1186/s12954-025-01281-1}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Background Take-home naloxone (THN) can prevent deaths related to opioid overdoses. Despite the first THN project in Germany in 1998, the availability of naloxone for people who use opioids (PWUO) is still scarce. We present the results of the German-wide THN-project NALtrain, which aimed to implement THN nationwide. Firstly, we present data collected during NALtrain and secondly, we use this data to critically reflect on the project and thereby draw conclusions that could inform future THN projects. Method NALtrain was conducted between July 2021 and June 2024. Descriptive statistical analysis of the documentation of 74 train-the-trainer events and following naloxone trainings conducted by the trained staff were carried out. Results 864 staff members from approximately 373 organizations (mainly harm reduction services) participated in 74 train-the-trainer courses. Of the 373 organizations 123 conducted 784 naloxone trainings for PWUO and reached 2,333 PWUO, of whom 1,451 received THN. The goal of training 800 staff members was met, while the goals of reaching 400 organizations and 10,000 PWUO were missed. The implementation of THN is unevenly distributed across the German federal states, especially concentrated in Bavaria. The core learnings are that the prescription-only status of THN leads to extra organizational efforts and hinders the availability of THN for individuals with the highest risk of overdose. Conclusion Considering the proportion of organizations offering THN, they can still be classified as "early adopters". These may serve as role models for the broader majority. Free available THN and centrally coordinated support of implementation including recurring follow-up can be key to a broader availability of THN in Germany. In future initiatives physicians and medical settings should be prioritized.}, language = {en} } @incollection{DeimelStoeverMichelsetal.2024, author = {Deimel, Daniel and St{\"o}ver, Heino and Michels, Ingo Ilja and Steimle, Larissa}, title = {The role of Social Work in the prevention and treatment of HIV/Aids in Germany}, series = {HIV and Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China}, booktitle = {HIV and Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China}, editor = {Pape, Ulla and St{\"o}ver, Heino and Michels, Ingo Ilja and Meryem, Grabski}, edition = {1}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, pages = {277 -297}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @incollection{DeimelStoeverSteimle2024, author = {Deimel, Daniel and St{\"o}ver, Heino and Steimle, Larissa}, title = {Kriminalisierung und Inhaftierung drogenkonsumierender Menschen in Deutschland}, series = {Drogenpraxis, Drogenpolitik, Drogenrecht}, booktitle = {Drogenpraxis, Drogenpolitik, Drogenrecht}, editor = {St{\"o}ver, Heino and H{\"o}ßelbarth, Susann}, publisher = {Fachhochschulverlag}, pages = {112 - 126}, year = {2024}, language = {de} }