An adaptive a posteriori error estimator based finite element method for the
numerical solution of a coupled Cahn-Hilliard/Navier-Stokes system with a
double-obstacle homogenous free (interfacial) energy density is proposed. A
semi-implicit Euler scheme for the time-integration is applied which results in
a system coupling a quasi-Stokes or Oseen-type problem for the fluid flow to
a variational inequality for the concentration and the chemical potential according
to the Cahn-Hilliard model [13]. A Moreau-Yosida regularization is
employed which relaxes the constraints contained in the variational inequality
and, thus, enables semi-smooth Newton solvers with locally superlinear convergence
in function space. Moreover, upon discretization this yields a mesh
independent method for a fixed relaxation parameter. For the finite dimensional
approximation of the concentration and the chemical potential piecewise
linear and globally continuous finite elements are used, and for the numerical
approximation of the fluid velocity Taylor-Hood finite elements are employed.
The paper ends by a report on numerical examples showing the efficiency of the
new method
The ability of velocity methods to describe changes
of topology by creating defects like holes is investigated. For the shape optimization energy-type objective functions are considered, which depend on the geometry by means of state variables. The state system is represented by abstract, quadratic, constrained minimization problems stated over domains with defects. The velocity
method provides the shape derivative of the objective function due to finite variations of a defect. Suffcient conditions are
derived which allow us to pass the shape derivative to the limit
with respect to diminishing defect, thus, to obtain the "topological derivative" of the objective function due to a topology change.
An illustrative example is presented for a circular hole bored at
the tip of a crack.
Sensitivity analysis (with respect to the regularization parameter)
of the solution of a class of regularized state constrained
optimal control problems is performed. The theoretical results are
then used to establish an extrapolation-based numerical scheme for
solving the regularized problem for vanishing regularization
parameter. In this context, the extrapolation technique provides
excellent initialization along the sequence of reducing
regularization parameters. Finally, the favorable numerical
behavior of the new method is demonstrated in a nested iteration
environment.
A class of nonlinear elliptic optimal control
problems with mixed control-state constraints arising, e.g., in Lavrentiev-type
regularized state constrained optimal control is considered. Based
on its first order necessary optimality conditions, a semismooth
Newton method is proposed and its fast local convergence in
function space as well as a mesh-independence principle for
appropriate discretizations are proved. The paper ends by a
numerical verification of the theoretical results including a study of the
algorithm in the case of vanishing Lavrentiev-parameter. The latter process is
realized numerically by a combination of a nested iteration concept and an extrapolation technique for
the state with respect to the Lavrentiev-parameter.