International Business Administration Exchange (IBAEx) B.A.
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Institute
The global financial crisis of 2007/08 revealed the necessity of improved stabilisation and regulation of the global as well as European financial markets. In this context, increased attention was given to financial transaction taxes and in 2011, the introduction of a European Union Financial Transaction Tax was first proposed. The objectives for this tax, set out by the European Commission, were tripartite: financial revenue generation, regulative strengthening and the improvement of the efficiency of financial markets.
The aim of this thesis is to examine whether the European Union Financial Transaction Tax would be an effective means to curb speculation in the European financial markets, and a suitable tax solution for the European Union. The thesis further analyses whether this tax could increase the financial markets efficiency, and contribute to a fair and substantial contribution of the financial sector to the participating countries’ public finances. In this regard, underlying theoretical concepts, potential positive effects of the transaction tax, as well as detriments and shortcomings are discussed. The conclusion of the thesis is that the European Union Financial Transaction Tax might be effective in curbing speculation, should it be implemented in a way that prevents tax evasion. In addition, it is very likely that the tax would raise a significant amount of revenue. However, despite the arguments in favour of the introduction of said tax, it is currently under great pressure with many issues left unanswered.
The Blockchain Revolution: The Impact of Distributed Ledger Technology on the Payments Industry
(2018)
This thesis focusses on the question whether the Blockchain and its distributed ledger technology is impacting cross-border interbank payment and causes the disappearance of intermediaries in the transaction process. It finds that the payment industry is constantly evolving and Blockchain could upgrade payment clearing and settlement systems and eliminate trust-creating third parties. The distributed ledger technology, its operating principles and how cryptography can create trust between two sides will be further examined. Secondly, it compares the current interbank cross-border system with the distributed ledger technology and concludes that decentralisation of cross-border interbank payment can resolve long existing problems in the banking industry. At last, this thesis elaborates the critical factors that impact the technology shift towards Blockchain in the financial sector.
GENDER TROUBLE IN MARKETING
(2018)
This thesis performs a critical examination of the gender marketing discourse
through a close analysis of notable management bestsellers. Consulting with the
feminist philosophical writings of Judith Butler, her theory of gender
performativity forms the analytical lens through which the gender marketing
literature is examined. The analysis finds that the gender marketing discourse
constructs gender through performative acts which call into existence the very
gender expressions that it names. As a result, gender stereotypes congeal into
oppressive norms, which have the potential to be detrimental to the wider
societal interest. Consequently, this thesis pleads for a more gender-sensitive
marketing discipline, in which gender becomes a playing field through which
hegemonic norms can be questioned.
This bachelor’s thesis analyses the impact on the US labour market from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the protectionist policies advocated by Donald Trump. Protectionism generally leads to deadweight costs, diminishing welfare, despite its intentions to the contrary. Free trade is generally preferable to protectionism, as it boosts productivity and welfare, even though it causes adjustment costs. NAFTA is a free trade agreement which has liberalised, and thereby boosted, trade and investment between the three signatories.
Since trade liberalisation has an effect on labour, NAFTA’s implementation was controversial in the United States. Nonetheless, studies conducted before 1994 indicated that NAFTA’s impact on the US labour market would be small. Since the agreement’s inception, the United States has faced a decline in manufacturing employment and rising income inequality. However, an analysis of NAFTA’s influence on US employment, wages, and income inequality demonstrates that the impact on these has, on average, been small. Less skilled labour is often cited as having been negatively affected by NAFTA. However, other factors such as trade with China and technological innovation have made a more significant contribution. NAFTA has not been the main driver of changes in the labour market, and protectionism is not a means by which a rise in employment can be achieved. Therefore, implementing protectionist policies is not an appropriate way to handle the loss of US manufacturing employment, and rising income inequality. Reinstating trade barriers could, in fact, lead to a greater loss of employment in the US as well as a reduction in welfare. Therefore, other measures should be considered. The US government should develop further functional mechanisms to facilitate the redistribution of wealth amongst society. Likewise, adjustment assistance programmes should be extended to ease the negative consequences of labour market changes, introduced through trade or technology.