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Perspektiven der Polizeiforschung -
1. Nachwuchstagung Empirische Polizeiforschung
4./5. März 2021
(2021)
Vom 4. bis 5. März 2021 organisierte der Arbeitskreis Empirische Polizeiforschung in Kooperation mit dem Forschungsinstitut für öffentliche und private Sicherheit (FÖPS Berlin) und dem Sächsischen Institut für Polizei- und Sicherheitsforschung (SIPS) die 1. Nachwuchstagung Empirische Polizeiforschung. Aufgrund der Pandemie betraten wir onlinebasiertes Neuland. Eine große und spannende Herausforderung für die Organisator*innen und alle Teilnehmer*innen: 39 Vorträge in elf Panels und neun Postersessions an zwei Tagen mit 53 Referent*innen, 13 Moderator*innen und auf drei technischen Plattformen mit einem helfenden Backround-Technikstab von 15 Akteur*innen der HWR Berlin, professionell gemanagt durch Sven Lüders vom FÖPS Berlin. Die 250 teilnehmenden Wissenschaftler*innen und Polizeipraktiker*innen sehen wir als Bestätigung der Notwendigkeit und Relevanz eines Tagungsformates für Nachwuchsforscher*innen im Bereich der Polizeiforschung. Die zwei Tage waren dicht gefüllt mit inspirierenden Themen, Begegnungen und Diskussionen; oder wie es ein Teilnehmer formulierte: „Vom Drang des Wissen-Wollens getragen und von Eitelkeiten fast unberührt, ist diese Tagung […] das Beste, was mir in dieser Zeit passiert ist“. Dem schließen wir uns gern an, auch wenn die informellen persönlichen Begegnungen fehlten. Die Organisator*innen danken allen Beteiligten der Tagung für ihr zugewandtes, neugieriges, kreatives und lösungsorientiertes Engagement und der HWR Berlin für die Möglichkeit, das Basiscamp der Tagung auf dem Campus Lichtenberg aufschlagen zu können.
Andreas Grimmel, Hrsg. 2020. Die neue Europäische Union. Zwischen Integration und Desintegration
(2021)
In dem von Andreas Grimmel herausgegebenen, 12 Beiträge umfassenden Sammelband vermitteln namhafte Expertinnen und Experten der deutschen Europaforschung ihre neuesten sowohl empirisch gewonnenen als auch theoriegeleiteten Erkenntnisse zum europäischen Integrationsprozess. Der Sammelband richtet sich an einen europapolitisch interessierten Leserkreis in Forschung und Lehre sowie an Studierende an Universitäten und Hochschulen, die einen Master-Studiengang mit Schwerpunkt Europawissenschaften belegen. Nachfolgend wird exemplarisch auf einige der 12 Beiträge kommentierend eingegangen.
This guidebook and its research results stem from the interregional collaboration of the STOB regions project.
The project, funded by the EU Commission, Interreg Europe, deals with the specific characteristics and challenges of business succession in small and medium enterprises (SME) in the European Union and addresses the complexity of the entire transfer process.
From the first thoughts of an owner to sell the business to the actual
transfer and beyond. Fundamentally, the project addresses all types of successions and transfers of business: family-internal transfers to, e.g., children and external transfers to investors or employees.
It also includes shared solutions where only (a part of the) management is handled externally, and ownership is not (or just partly) transferred.
We contribute to the recent debates on demand and growth regimes in modern finance-dominated capitalism linking them to the post-Keynesian research on macroeconomic policy regimes. We examine the demand and growth regimes, as well as the macroeconomic policy regimes for the big four Eurozone countries, France, Germany, Italy and Spain, for the periods 2001–2009 and 2010–2019. First, our approach supports the usefulness of the identification of demand and growth regimes according to growth contributions of the main demand components and financial balances of the macroeconomic sectors. This allows for an understanding of the demand sources of growth, or stagnation, if there is a lack of demand, of how these sources are financed and of potential financial instabilities and fragilities. Second, when it comes to the macroeconomic policy drivers of demand and growth regimes, as well as their respective changes, we show that the exclusive focus on fiscal policies, as in the previous literature, is too limited and that it is the macroeconomic policy regime which matters here, i.e. the combination of monetary, fiscal and wage policies, as well as the open economy conditions.
Businesses and governments are becoming increasingly concerned about the resilience of supply chains and calling for their review and stress testing. In this conceptual essay, we theorize a human-centred ecosystem viability perspective that spans the dimensions of resilience and sustainability and can be used as guidance for the conceptualization of supply chain resilience analysis in the presence of long-term crises. Subsequently, we turn to the technological level and present the digital supply chain twin as a contemporary instrument for stress testing supply chain resilience. We provide some implementation guidelines and emphasize that although resilience assessment of individual supply chains is important and critical for firms, viability analysis of intertwined supply networks and ecosystems represents a novel and impactful research perspective. One of the major outcomes of this essay is the conceptualization of a human-centred ecosystem viability perspective on supply chain resilience.
Exiting the COVID-19 pandemic: after-shock risks and avoidance of disruption tails in supply chains
(2021)
Entering the COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on supply chains. Reacting to the pandemic and adaptation in the “new normal” have been challenging tasks. Exiting the pandemic can lead to some after-shock effects such as “disruption tails.” While the research community has undertaken considerable efforts to predict the pandemic’s impacts and examine supply chain adaptive behaviors during the pandemic, little is known about supply chain management in the course of pandemic elimination and post-disruption recovery. If capacity and inventory management are unaware of the after-shock risks, this can result in highly destabilized production–inventory dynamics and decreased performance in the post-disruption period causing product deficits in the markets and high inventory costs in the supply chains. In this paper, we use a discrete-event simulation model to investigate some exit strategies for a supply chain in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our model can inform managers about the existence and risk of disruption tails in their supply chains and guide the selection of post-pandemic recovery strategies. Our results show that supply chains with postponed demand and shutdown capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic are particularly prone to disruption tails. We then developed and examined two strategies to avoid these disruption tails. First, we observed a conjunction of recovery and supply chain coordination which mitigates the impact of disruption tails by demand smoothing over time in the post-disruption period. Second, we found a gradual capacity ramp-up prior to expected peaks of postponed demand to be an effective strategy for disruption tail control.
Supply chain viability (SCV) is an emerging concept of growing importance in operations management. This paper aims to conceptualize, develop, and validate a measurement scale for SCV. SCV is first defined and operationalized as a construct, followed by content validation and item measure development. Data have been collected through three independent samplings comprising a total of 558 respondents. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses are used in a step-wise manner for scale development. Reliability and validity are evaluated. A nomological model is theorized and tested to evaluate nomological validity. For the first time, our study frames SCV as a novel and distinct construct. The findings show that SCV is a hierarchical and multidimensional construct, reflected in organizational structures, organizational resources, dynamic design capabilities, and operational aspects.
The findings reveal that a central characteristic of SCV is the dynamic reconfiguration of SC structures in an adaptive manner to ensure survival in the long-term perspective. This research conceptualizes and provides specific, validated dimensions and item measures for SCV. Practitioner directed guidance and suggestions are offered for improving SCV during the COVID-19 pandemic and future severe disruptions.
Adoption of carbon regulation mechanisms facilitates an evolution toward green and sustainable supply chains followed by an increased complexity. Through the development and usage of a multi-choice goal programming model solved by an improved algorithm, this article investigates sustainability strategies for carbon regulations mechanisms. We first propose a sustainable logistics model that considers assorted vehicle types and gas emissions involved with product transportation. We then construct a bi-objective model that minimizes total cost as the first objective function and follows environmental considerations in the second one. With our novel robust-heuristic optimization approach, we seek to support the decision-makers in comparison and selection of carbon emission policies in supply chains in complex settings with assorted vehicle types, demand and economic uncertainty. We deploy our model in a case-study to evaluate and analyse two carbon reduction policies, i.e., carbon-tax and cap-and-trade policies. The results demonstrate that our robust-heuristic methodology can efficiently deal with demand and economic uncertainty, especially in large-scale problems. Our findings suggest that governmental incentives for a cap-and-trade policy would be more effective for supply chains in lowering pollution by investing in cleaner technologies and adopting greener practices.
Scholars have suggested that design thinking and effectuation theory may enrich each other. However, to date, we lack deeper theorizing and empirical evidence to further advance this valuable discourse for the benefit of innovation management. Our qualitative study draws on 41 in-depth interviews with Australian designer-founders, with the aim to provide a theoretical perspective on and empirical insights into the relationship between the behavioral practices of design thinking and the cognitive principles of effectuation. The contributions are twofold. First, our study explains how design thinking practices enable designer-founders to enact the cognitive principles of effectuation. Uncovering these “entrepreneurial ways of designing” provides an explanation for the effectiveness of design thinking for entrepreneurial innovation and new venture creation. Second, our study sheds light on the ways in which designer-founders interpret effectuation principles through the professional values and norms embodied in design thinking. These “designerly ways of entrepreneuring” resemble particular, normative interpretations of effectual action. By doing so, our study offers empirical substantiation and theoretical elaboration of the ways in which design thinking functions as an approach for entrepreneurial innovation and new venture creation. Through shedding light on the “entrepreneurial ways of designing” and “designerly ways of entrepreneuring” exhibited by designer-founders, our research reveals the reciprocal relationship between design thinking and effectuation theory.