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The general question raised in this paper is whether the relatively harmonic
image of a Scandinavian welfare model characterised by nearly full employment,
generous welfare benefits and ambitious principles of equality are downsized
when we are dealing with immigrants. In other words, is the Scandinavian
welfare model a stable pioneering model when the ‘immigrant dimension’ is
incorporated?
The paper sheds light on this rather broad question by examining two sets of
empirical questions concerning the output (the incorporation of the ‘immigrant
dimension’ into welfare state policies) and the outcome level (the impact of the
Scandinavian welfares state on immigrants’ integration into the host society),
respectively:
1) Output: Are the ambitious principles concerning solidarity, universalism,
equality and redistribution downscaled when it comes to welfare state policies
substantially targeted at immigrants? 2) Outcome: To what extent have the
Scandinavian welfare states been successful in promoting labour market
inclusion and reducing poverty and gender inequality among immigrants?
The paper argues that the relatively harmonic image of a stable model and
unified group of generous Scandinavian welfare states falls apart at some point
when the ‘immigrant dimension’ is incorporated.