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The aim of this research is to examine the potential of blended learning concepts for the development of future skills, which has not been sufficiently investigated. This subject is analyzed on the fundamentals of the behaviorist, the cognitivist, the constructivist and the connectivist learning theory.
For this purpose, the following research question was raised:
(How) Can relevant future skills be developed through blended learning concepts?
In order to obtain more precise results, the future skills were divided into technological, knowledge-based, digital and social skills. A qualitative content analysis was carried out on the basis of seven expert interviews.
Findings regarding the development of future skills suggest that blended learning concepts have a high potential to prepare students for the modern working world. Particularly with its focus on self-organized learning in cooperative and collaborative learning environments, blended learning proves to be more suitable for the development of future skills than purely analog or purely digital learning formats.
The frequently changing environment forces organizations to adapt, resulting in the emergence of evolutionary forms of organizational design. Evolutionary organizations take actions based on the requirements of their environment, such as variation, selection, and retention. Designing their structures and processes to be adaptive (organic), evolutionary organizations react to their complex environments with social complexity. They are characterized by red uced standardization, formalization as well as wide configurations and decentralized authority. Complemented by their holistic perspective they represent a new and interesting field of research. Due to the high degree of informal structures in such organizations, organizational behavior is from major importance. In this context, psychological ownership has been credited to support several positive organizational behaviors, helping organizations to adapt. This thesis examines the relationship of both concepts, placing psychological ownership into the context of evolutionary organizations. A literature review and an empirical study (sample) have been conducted. As a result of the literature review, five behaviors of evolutionary organizations have been identified, such as innovation, careful resource handling, anticipation, selection, and preservation. The empirical study consisted of four open-ended interviews, exploring the link between psychological ownership and the evolution driven behaviors. As a result, a positive relationship between psychological ownership and each of the evolution driven behaviors has been hypothesized. Implications for evolutionary forms of organizational design have been d iscussed .
Driven by the decrease in the fertility rate, the increase in life expectancy, and, therefore, the shift of the demographical structure, the topic of labor shortage is gaining more importance worldwide, and in the context of the present paper, in Europe and Germany. More precisely, this paper deals with the labor shortage in the field of nursing in Germany.
The lack of nurses and geriatric nurses is not only due to the demographical change. Moreover, it’s a result of the poor working conditions, the negative image of the profession, and other factors that will be examined in the paper in every detail.
Further, the paper examines the labor shortage in nursing out of the perspective of several actors, including the state, institutions, and literature, in consideration of political, sociological, economical, and technological factors. In the course of this analysis, five semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed within the paper.
All these attempts aim to answer the research question: "What are the causes and the effects of the shortage of skilled labor in the nursing sector in Germany?" The answer to this question considers a variety of different components.
Concerning the effects, several activities and measures to counteract the shortage of nursing workforce in Germany are presented, including, among other things, the project “Konzertierte Aktion Pflege”, various legislations, activities driven by human resources. Overall, the thesis and the results are beneficial for everyone that is influenced by the topic (including nurses, governmental institutions, employers, and employees in nursing), along with everyone in society. This is because anyone, either as a relative or as a patient, can be confronted with the need for care.
Current trends and challenges in last-mile delivery with consideration of digital technologies
(2021)
Growing online sales market, globalization and urbanization caused new challenges in freight transportation. These global trends created an open market where goods are purchased in any country and delivered directly to the end customer’s doorstep. Currently distributing goods around the city is the least efficient step of the entire supply chain, which makes it an important challenge not only for the retail and transportation companies, but also for researchers. In order to make the processes in urban logistics more efficient, different digital solutions and new business models were developed. However, there is still a lack of systematically organized information about the new trends and technologies in last-mile delivery.
The goal of this thesis was to explore and compare the new concepts of last-mile delivery. Therefore, two main research questions were formulated: How can new smart technologies change the current last-mile delivery processes? Which last-mile technology is more suitable for each type of urban delivery? In order to answer the research questions, a case-study research methodology was chosen. The information was gained through the state-of-the-art analysis, where relevant books and articles in scientific journals were reviewed, and the use-cases described.
The results of this work were three types of analysis. Operational feasibility analysis focused on the comparison of technical capabilities of identified last-mile technologies. Financial analysis compared different types of costs required for using each technology for urban delivery. Finally, in the comparison analysis all theoretical information and previously conducted analyses results were summarized. The most relevant last-mile technologies were then recommended for each type of last-mile delivery.
In times of progressive urbanization, cities are increasingly confronted with a series of nega- tive effects. The roads are overcrowded, the environment is polluted, and citizens are deprived of valuable urban space. In addition to the problem, customers are purchasing more and more over the internet and shipments are becoming more fragmented. Consequently, the cityscape is characterized by a large number of delivery vehicles that put a strain on the infrastructure. As this development is taking place, solutions are increasingly being sought to mitigate the negative effects of these trends. These include, in particular, collaborative logistics concepts in which various players come together and develop joint approaches to supplying cities. Hub structures are a promising concept here, which enable a consolidated supply of inner cities. Even though a multitude of such projects have already been initiated, only a few of them have managed to be permanently implemented. City projects often fail due to insufficient funds or poor stakeholder management. The city authorities play a central role in the development and realization of collaborative logistics concepts. They must take on a coordinating role and en- sure that innovative solutions are adequately promoted in order to achieve long-term success and thus mitigate the negative effects of urbanization.
What does the end consumers think about our recently launched smartphone and how does this translate to future sales prospects? What are the implications of economic sanctions on our business? Economists and business analysts are facing these questions in their daily work. Sentiment analysis allows answering such questions as it enables corporations to evaluate web content on a large scale. Exploring the possibility of inte-grating global sentiments into the sales forecast is the aim of this research paper. Twitter has been chosen as the sole source for data retrieval due to its unique property of being a social network-, news broadcasting- and advertising-platform. The analysis reveals the opportunities and limits of sentiment analysis and its integration capability. The results show that a causal relationship among the public's opinion and sales development is present. Sanctions are reflected in the voice of the public with immediate effect but have moderate impact on sales in the short-term. In the midterm, such political and economic measures could impact the sentiments and – among other micro-economic factors –translate into decreasing sales. Ultimately, the sentiment analysis is suitable for a con-tinuous monitoring procedure and thus optimizes the comprehensiveness of convention-al forecasting methods.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is quickly moving from a differentiator to a necessity for many organisations with $37 billion estimated to be invested worldwide in its im-plementation in 2019. Nevertheless, this new technology is not always well under-stood by the businesses and its specific characteristics further complicate the adop-tion. Research has shown that merely half of all efforts to introduce new technology in organisations fully meet their set objectives. The application of organisational change management (OCM) methods is believed to increase the chances of success for such large and costly undertakings. This study aims to review general and tech-nology-specific OCM approaches and examine their relevance in the context of AI transformations. By contrasting existing work and practices on AI adoption against the OCM approaches used for previous technology implementations, the change management characteristics specific to AI are explored, as well as the suitability of the best-regarded established OCM methods is evaluated.
Based on a review of the literature on organisational change management, technol-ogy adoption and artificial intelligence, six semi-structured expert interviews were carried out. These conversations gathered qualitative data with the goal to enrich the existing knowledge on the topic, as well as to bridge some gaps with regards to AI’s practical adoption. Analysis of the responses, continuously compared to exist-ing research, showed that a few factors and AI traits require adjustments to the conventional OCM methods. Ethics, ambiguity, complexity, process and policy changes, speed, ubiquitous potential, as well as fear and anxiety highly influence AI transformations opposed to other technological adoptions. These might not re-quire revolutionary new OCM approaches but would imply focusing on developing organisational culture and ensuring an experimental and iterative change process. Kotter’s 8-step process and Prosci’s ADKAR model were found most appropriate in the face of organisational AI adoption. Further research is needed to validate these findings and examine them in specific contexts.
In this thesis, we focus on predicting diagnosis from drug treatment.We investigate if such a
task can benefit from recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP), transfer learning techniques, and in particular the new state-of-the-art transformer-based BERT models.
The paper shows a comparison of traditional machine learning methods, deep learning methods and pre-trained BERT models for predicting diagnosis. During the evaluation step, we
found simple traditional models and deep learning models to be more effective on the task
in question. The paper further discussed why pre-trained BERT models failed to deliver
results.
This guidebook and its research results stem from the interregional collaboration of the STOB regions project.
The project, funded by the EU Commission, Interreg Europe, deals with the specific characteristics and challenges of business succession in small and medium enterprises (SME) in the European Union and addresses the complexity of the entire transfer process.
From the first thoughts of an owner to sell the business to the actual
transfer and beyond. Fundamentally, the project addresses all types of successions and transfers of business: family-internal transfers to, e.g., children and external transfers to investors or employees.
It also includes shared solutions where only (a part of the) management is handled externally, and ownership is not (or just partly) transferred.
Eine Koalitionsarbeitsgruppe erstellte einen Entwurf für ein Agrarstrukturgesetz (ASG LSA) und legte ihn im November 2020 als Drucksache 7/6804 dem Landtag vor. Dieser Beitrag unterzieht den Entwurf einer ersten rechtswissenschaftlichen Würdigung und soll damit dem Gesetzgeber für das weitere parlamentarische Verfahren Hinweise und Anregungen geben.