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The performance of Indian economy is significantly influenced by the agriculture sector. The contributions made by this sector in national income, international trade and employment are key indicators of how the country is developing. As agriculture in India is mainly a rural area activity it offers opportunities to work for the rural men and women. Although the participation of female workers is more than the participation of male workers, the constraints faced by female workers are more. In addition to taking care of their households they are also working on farms. This multidimensional role signifies the importance of women in the sector. Their participation is affected by their access to resources and their performance is affected by factors like environment, harmful farming techniques and traditional mind-sets along with necessary resources. By closely studying the trends in agricultural performance and women participation, this study tries to connect the two aspects together to present the way forward for women in agriculture. The issues and challenges faced by rural women in terms of participation factors are discussed using secondary data and literature study. With the help of case studies, the opportunities and new roles of women are studied. The primary objective is to focus on how women workers are advancing their lives through agriculture and benefitting environment around them. Improved access to resources, new technology in farming and improved access to education along with enabling government schemes that empower the women participation are seen to be leading to a better and brighter future for women in agriculture.
The Portuguese water supply and sanitation sector has witnessed over the last 40 years a steady improvement in levels of coverage and in the general quality of services provided. This evolution has been hailed by international organizations as the "Portuguese miracle". Yet, this qualification is restricted to the results achieved during the period marked by the liberalisation of the sector. In 1993, a water sector reform led by the central government started a number of processes towards commercialization, corporatization and liberalization of the Portuguese water sector. In 2007, a major financial crisis started in the United States of America and spread across the world. In the European Union, and in particular in Portugal and other peripheral countries, the crisis meant the enforcement of neoliberal shock therapy for almost five years after the so-called sovereign debt crises. The social impacts were devastating and provision and access to public services were restricted. This paper concentrates on assessing the links between the neoliberalisation of the Portuguese water sector and the situation of access to water and sanitation services in the aftermath of the deep crisis. The analysis focus on typical dimensions of neoliberalisation in this sector and empirically tries to assess how and to what extent these processes impact on the political and human rights goal of progressive universal access to these services in a context of austerity politics. It is argued that neoliberalisation processes both increase and hinder access to the services. In fact, by expanding networks under an environmental paradigm and improving consumer rights, neoliberalisation delivered on increasing levels of access with improved quality, yet consistently rising water prices coupled with policy loopholes and institutional blindness to the distributional impacts of that trend lead to the imposition of inequitable burdens on low-income households. Recent policy initiatives to relief the financial burden on low-income households seem weak and difficult to implement since they do not break away from the basic principles guiding water policy (user-pays principle, polluter pays principle and full-cost recovery from water charges).
This dissertation aims to explore the conflict over to a strategy on energy security in the European Union between 2007 and 2014 in order to answer the question, whose interests are materialised and how they are articulated in the conflict over energy security. With this aim, the present thesis takes up the central assumptions of the political ecology approach and extends these with insight of the scale debate. The chosen method enables an exploration of the ways in which societal and political power relations are articulated and the revelation of the environmental, social, and institutional dimensions of the dominant narrative of energy security in the EU. First, a theoretical framework is established. Second, the subject of analysis – the 2014 European Energy Security Strategy of the European Commission – and its historical context are introduced in order to unite the elements together in the analysis in chapter 3. The results show that, in particular, actors of the fossil-nuclear energy industry have been remarkably successful in materialising their interests in the Commission’s strategy on energy security. Fossil-nuclear based solutions to energy insecurity are dominant and contribute to the consolidation of a specific fossil society-nature relationship. In the conflict over energy security, a slight reformation of the spatial organisation of EU energy politics can be observed. The European Commission has successfully extended its institutional and regulatory competencies mainly within the Internal Energy Market. Nevertheless, no general substantial shift in the relevance of the various spatial scale levels of EU energy policy can be noticed. The sovereignty of national governments over energy policy remains unaffected within the EU. Furthermore, concerning European integration, the overall tendencies of a fragmentation and renationalisation of EU energy policy become apparent in this conflict over European energy security.
Waste management is now more important than ever in the world because of population growth and increasing revenues. Because of both reasons, people start to consume more so in parallel with the consumption, wastes also increase. If the wastes were analyzed in terms of their contents, it could be seen that organic wastes have the highest percentage in the total wastes. Due to this reason, organic wastes should be utilized with regard to environment and economics. In order to achieve this utilization, all organic waste management systems have to be compared and also new methods and their integration with other systems should be examined in the sense of economics and environment.
Compared to other EU countries,Germany is in a good place for organic waste management in terms of recycling. However, more research should be conducted and more utilization options should be investigated. In this sense, vermicompost is going to be examined as an organic waste management system.
Besides, integration of vermicompost with other waste management systems are going to be analyzed. In this thesis, the following question is going to be answered : Does using of vermicompost as an organic waste management system or integration of vermicompost with other organic waste management systems in Germany contribute to German economy more than other organic waste management systems do ?
Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SME) need very different software implementation concepts than Large Enterprises (LE). First SME have less resources, use less complex IT architecture
than LE and do not have the knowledge to implement an enterprise software. High risks, low capacity and few project experience put SME into a special situation. So called Critical Success Factors (CSF) were analysed for differences in SME and LE environment and throughout progressing project phases. While LEs learned to take advantages of Information and Communications Technologies - they also developed software implementation approaches and methodologies to cover the CSF and structure their projects. These existing software implementation methodologies are mostly designed by consultants either from LEs itself, external consultancies or the vendors themself. Depending on their heritage they serve very different purposes. These implementation methods are not appropriate to use in SME projects. Interviews indicated that SME employees often lack methodology and understanding of IT concepts for applying existing methods for software implementation projects.
The goal for this thesis is to develop an appropriate concept for SME. It is tested in a case study and it is reflected on improvements and its application in a SME environment. In addition to this a detailed analysis of the CSF is conducted on their impact on SME vs. LE and then change throughout each project phase.
The financial crisis of 2008 and the austerity period that ensured entailed a redefinition of democracy and the role of political parties in Europe. In this context, a wave of emerging parties place participation at the heart of their political program to reform the system from within. Thus, they aim not only to revive representative democracy but also internal democracy. The present study tests whether their implementation of anti-oligarchization mechanisms is successful in rejecting Robert Michels ‘iron law of oligarchy’. By conducting a micro-ethnography on the Berlin circle of Podemos, it revealed that the party is successful at preventing oligarchy. While oligarchization trends are present, they are countered by an overall strategy for participation and three specific mechanisms: the circle, digital tools and gender equality.
Linear concepts are widespread, although imprecise. Despite this, many well-known models in the field of finance are based on linear correlation. Contrary, the implementation of Copulas enables modelling complex nonlinear dependency structures. Additionally, they offer the opportunity to analyze the dependencies between variables more flexible and without the consideration of their marginal distributions. This thesis provides an introduction to Copula theory in general and thereby focuses on the application possibilities in the field of finance. The implementation part shows how Copulas can be used in the field of Portfolio Optimization, which is done with the mathematical programming software Wolfram Mathematica. Optimal asset combinations are compared depending on different dependence structure assumptions.
Arbeits- und datenschutzrechtliche Herausforderungen des betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements
(2018)
Das soziale Netzwerk Facebook setzt ve1mehrt auf Autonismen, welche unzählige Daten und Inf01mationen von Facebook-Nutzem erheben, ausweiten und für verschiedenste Zwecke nutzen. Es wird nahezu jeder Schritt und jede Interaktion des Nutzers registriert. Die erhobenen Daten sammelt und speichert Facebook in einem Dateiarchiv, und nutzt diese je nach Bedarf für Freundschaftsvorschläge und ähnliche Zwecke, vor allem jedoch , um den Nutzern passgenaue Werbeanzeigen im sozialen Netzwerk präsentieren zu können. Problematisch sind die erheblichen Datensammlungen- und auswertungen insbesondere im Hinblick auf den Datenschutz und die Privatsphäre von FacebookNutzem . Die vom sozialen Netzwerk getroffenen Maßnahmen gilt es indieser Arbeit zu durchleuchten , um dem Leser einen Einblick in diese zu gewähren und um diesem die Möglichkeit zu geben sich gegebenenfalls schützen zu können.
Auswirkungen der Besonderheiten im grenzüberschreitenden Cash Pooling auf dessen ökonomischen Nutzen
(2018)
Virtual reality is a technology that is becoming more and more popular and available due to recent breakthroughs and the technological progress. There is evidence that this technology can does provide value to organizations and how business is conducted. However, little is researched how this technology can have an impact on training and development in organizations. This thesis tries to identify the possibilities and limitations of virtual reality for training and development. The author used qualitative structured interviews to get recent insights from experts in this field. It was found that the advantages of virtual reality as a method for training and development are that it can provide motivating immersive learning experiences for a great variety of scenarios while also allowing to the possibility to evaluate these trainings in detail. The limitations are that it still is connected to high costs and that technology, especially in regards of usability, has its flaws. Furthermore, there are also people who cannot use virtual reality due to medical conditions or motion sickness. Nonetheless, it can be a very effective method for training and development as it provides unique possibilities that enable organizations that can afford the technology to prepare their employees for a broad array of situations.
The Europe-wide post-crisis deleveraging environment of the banking sector made the firms of a smaller scale vulnerable and exposed to the issues linked to funding access, as it is further dwelled in this paper. Hypothetically, these conditions should stimulate small and medium enterprises towards rethinking of their approach in accessing funds through using alternative instruments available.
This paper is intended to identify whether in the current conditions of impaired straight debt financing provided by banking sector, small and medium enterprises indeed pursue alternative financing instruments, and if so, to which extent they do, and how relevant they are as perceived by the enterprises.
This research is based on the Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises in the euro area for the period from 2009 to 2017 conducted by European Central Bank.
Primarily the output of the paper should disclose a financing structure of small and medium enterprises in Italy and Germany, and the noticeable tendencies in using alternative instruments of financing.
This paper prices risk factors in the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to
explain portfolio returns of the German stock market. Using a two-part
regression procedure, we show that beta exhibits slight significance in
capturing the variations of asset returns. When higher co-moments and Fama
French factors are added to the model, we find a moderate improvement in the
significance levels of all risk factors and in the overall explanatory power of
the model. Moreover, following the conditional beta method employed in
Pettengill et al. (1995), we show that risk factors perform fairly well in crosssection
settings, especially in the down-market condition. Our chosen long
time horizon shows that the composite model with all factors included
performs better in post-recession periods.
Cultured meat holds the potential to solve many of the world’s most pressing environmental problems while drastically reducing animal suffering and offering a presumably healthier and safer alternative to conventional meat. However, in addition to the technological and legal challenges companies in this space are facing, a major barrier to success may be a lack of acceptance within the general population.
Consequently, to avoid product failure, it is vital to gain a profound understanding of consumer attitudes and explore potential target groups which should be targeted during the market introduction phase. Yet, current empirical insights in this field are scarce and no quantitative research has sought to investigate consumer acceptance of cultured meat in the German market as of yet. Therefore, the present study aims to discuss the following question: What are potential target groups for cultured meat in the German market during the market introduction phase? Through performing an exploratory online survey with German participants (n=1001) it was demonstrated that 19% of respondents were willing to eat cultured meat on a regular basis while 31% were undecided and another 50% rejected the idea altogether. In addition, it was found that 48% of those participants who were willing to engage with the product agreed to pay a price premium for it. The frequency of meat consumption was the strongest predictor of consumer acceptance with respondents who ate meat two to seven times a week being the most willing to eat cultured meat on a regular basis. People who never eat meat or eat it only a few times a year, however, were found to be the least willing to engage with the product. More exploratory than conclusive, the overall findings of this study suggest that during the market introduction phase, cultured meat companies should focus on targeting consumers who eat meat frequently.
Common European Asylum System European Union’s response to the refugee inflows from 2013 onwards
(2018)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the EU’s response to the refugee inflows from 2013 onwards. It will be argued that during the management of the challenge, the member states was far cry from adopting a collective response to the challenge. This commitment-compliance will be attributed to EU’s historically failure to make a clear distinction between market regulation and core state powers in which domestic conflicts and politicization has become considerably relevant. The content of the paper is divided into six chapters. In the first chapter, the scope of the thesis will be explained by touching upon the rationale of the paper and basic terminologies in migration studies. Second chapter will concentrate on theoretical framework explaining the concept of ‘core state powers’ in CEAS, together with its features, problems and consequences in the face of refugee inflows from 2013 onwards. The third chapter will give practical inputs in line with 2015 European Agenda on Migration to show how regulatory integration on core state powers led to a growing commitment compliance gap (Relocation Plan) and externalization practices by the EU. (Hotspot mechanism and Re-admission Agreement).
The purpose of this research was to provide a list of the most relevant competencies that Supply Chain and Operations managers would need to effectively lead their employees in times of the Digital Transformation. To determine these competencies, interviews were conducted with 15 subject-matter experts, who were also asked to answer a questionnaire, and results were triangulated with information gathered though a job-ad analysis consisting of a sample of 260 job ads. The results showed twelve competencies to be most important: Managing change, Interpersonal skills and emotional capabilities, Effective communication, Technological savvy, Analytical thinking, Big picture and strategic thinking, Leading others, Teamwork and collaboration, Talent development, Critical thinking and problem-solving, Creativity, and Negotiation and persuasion skills.
Craving for Super-foods - Understanding underlying motivation driving consumers´food consumption
(2018)
Craving for Superfoods - Understanding underlying motivation driving consumers´food consumption
(2018)
Creative partnerships: Success factors of artist-brand collaborations based on case study analysis
(2018)
Art is interesting — street art is exciting. It is understandable why brands would want to join forces with street artists known for their originality, edginess, and rebellious and young spirit. However, the artistic and business sectors are different and the creative collaborations frequently bring about complexity and misunderstandings in their realisation.
The inquiry represents an attempt to provide insights on how brands can effectively cooperate with street artists by identifying relevant contributing factors. Accordingly, secondary literature is examined to disclose the application of street art as an effective and innovative new media to leverage brand equity.
The purpose of the study is to develop a guiding success factors model for artist-brand collaboration with the focus on the brand perspective. The empirical part encompasses a qualitative case study analysis, which involves a semi-structured interview with a creative agency in order to get fresh insights, practically apply the theoretical framework and derive potential new variables. Further, the author’s assessment of the variables is illustrated. Finally, the author highlights managerial implications, the study limitations and proposes several directions where future research could be attempted
Moderne Industrie ist datengetrieben. Neueste Technologien, Produkte und Dienstleistungen können nur so gut sein, wie die zugrundeliegenden Informationen. Dies gilt für nahezu jede Branche. In Finanzsektor, Telekommunikation, Gesundheitswesen oder Logistik bilden Daten die Grundlage für alle wichtigen Geschäftsentscheidungen.
Verminderte Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, Rückgang der Kundenzufriedenheit oder erhöhtes Risiko von behördlichen Strafen sind unweigerliche Konsequenzen schlechter Datenqualität. Zahlreiche Softwarelösungen wurden in den letzten Jahren entwickelt, um dem Problem entgegenzuwirken.
Diese Arbeit untersucht die Datenqualitätsmanagement-Software, die im Microsoft SQL Server 2016 verankert ist und sich aus drei ergänzenden Teilkomponenten zusammensetzt: Data Quality Services (DQS), SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) und Master Data Services (MDS). Es werden zunächst theoretische Aspekte der Datenqualität sowie die auf dem Markt vorhandenen Typen von Softwarelösungen betrachtet und daraus Anforderungen an eine Data Quality Suite abgeleitet. Im Anschluss wird der Funktionsumfang mithilfe von Testdaten im Hinblick auf die Erfüllung der Anforderungskriterien analysiert und bewertet. Insbesondere sollen Möglichkeiten des Data Profilings und Data Cleansings mit speziellem Fokus auf Duplikaterkennung und Konsolidierung untersucht werden. Ein großer Wert wird dabei auf die praktische Anwendung der getesteten Software gelegt. Alle Funktionen von SQL Server 2016 werden anschließend auf Basis der definierten Evaluationskriterien bewertet.