TY - JOUR A1 - Lange, Christoph A1 - Ahrens, Andreas A1 - Singh, Jasmeet A1 - Grote, Olaf ED - Angueira, Pablo T1 - Analysing All-Optical Random Bit Sequences Using Gap-Based Approaches † JF - Sensors N2 - Quantum mechanical phenomena are revolutionizing classical engineering fields such as signal processing or cryptography. When randomness plays an important role, like in cryptography where random bit sequences guarantee certain levels of security, quantum mechanical phenomena allow new ways of generating random bit sequences. Such sequences have a lot of applications in the communication sector, e.g., regarding data transmission, simulation, sensors or radars, and beyond. They can be generated deterministically (e.g., by using polynomials, resulting in pseudo-random sequences) or in a non-deterministic way (e.g., by using physical noise sources like external devices or sensors, resulting in random sequences). Important characteristics of such binary sequences can be modelled by gap processes in conjunction with the probability theory. Recently, all-optical approaches have attracted a lot of research interest. In this work, an adaptation of the quantum key distribution setup is utilized for generating randomised bit sequences. The simulation results show that all-optically generated sequences very well resemble the theoretically ideal probability density characteristic. Additionally, an experimental optical setup is developed that confirms the simulation results. Furthermore, m -sequences show very promising results as well as Gold sequences. Additionally, the level of burstiness, i.e., the distribution of ones and zeros throughout the sequence, is studied for the different sequences. The results enable the finding that generator polynomials with concentrated non-zero coefficients lead to more bursty bit sequences. KW - pseudo-random binary sequences KW - gold sequences KW - -sequences KW - all-optically generated bit sequences KW - gap density function KW - gap distribution function KW - burstiness KW - independently and identically distributed random variables Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:523-18874 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 24 IS - 14 PB - MDPI ER -