Part of a Book
Refine
Year of publication
- 2018 (33) (remove)
Document Type
- Part of a Book (33) (remove)
Language
- English (33) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- no (33)
Keywords
- social innovation (5)
- Governance Report (2)
- Conflicts law (1)
- Dani Rodrik (1)
- Democracy (1)
- Globalisation (1)
- International trade (1)
- Karl Polanyi (1)
- Legitimacy (1)
- Mega-regional trade agreements (1)
A Dynamic Analysis of Judicial Behaviour: The Auto-Correct Function of Constitutional Pluralism
(2018)
Immunotherapy is currently revolutionizing the treatment of cancer. Detailed analyses of tumor immune cell interaction in the tumor microenvironment will facilitate an accurate prediction of a patient’s clinical response. The automatic and reliable pre-screening of histological tissue sections for tumor infiltrating immune cells (TILs) will support the development of TIL-based predictive biomarkers for checkpoint immunotherapy. In this paper, a learning approach for image classification is presented, which allows various pattern inquires for different types of tissue section images. The underlying trainable reaction diffusion model combines classification and denoising. The model is trained using a stochastic generation of training data. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated for immunofluorescent and for Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained melanoma section images. A particular focus is on the classification of TILs in the proximity to melanoma cells in an experimental melanoma mouse model and in human melanoma. This new learning approach for images of melanoma tissue sections will refine the strategy for the practical clinical application of biomarker research.
These days leadership staff units in German federal ministries perform a distinct advisory role. Over time the former small assistance units have developed into fully fledged staff units, the heads of which, in particular, serve as close and confidant advisers to ministers. That is, although not appointed under special conditions or introduced by a formal reform process, they serve as the functional equivalents to the special or ministerial advisers found elsewhere. This chapter explores the emergence, contribution and role of the staff units and argues that the institutionalization of the relationship between politics and administration accounts for the smooth and silent emergence of the advisory role.
Communication
(2018)
From a traditional engineering perspective, communication is about effecting control over a distance, and its primary concern is the reliability of transmission. This chapter reviews communication in nature, describing its evolution from the perspective of the selfish gene. Communication in nature is ubiquitous and generally honest, and arises as much from collaboration as manipulation. We show that context and relevance allow effective communication with little information transfer, particularly between organisms with similar capacities and goals. Human language differs fundamentally from the non-verbal communication we share with other animals; robots may need to accommodate both. We document progress in AI capacities to generate synthetic emotion and to sense and classify human emotion. Communication in contemporary biomimetic systems is between robots in swarm robotics, but also between robot and human for both autonomous and collaborative systems. We suggest increased future emphasis on capacities to receive and comprehend signs, and on the pragmatic utility of communication and cooperation.