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Balancing power and variable renewables: Three links

  • Balancing power is used to quickly restore the supply-demand balance in power systems. The need for this tends to be increased by the use of variable renewable energy sources (VRE) such as wind and solar power. This paper reviews three channels through which VRE and balancing systems interact: the impact of VRE forecast errors on balancing reserve requirements; the supply of balancing services by VRE generators; and the incentives to improve forecasting provided by imbalance charges. The paper reviews the literature, provides stylized facts from German market data, and suggests policy options. Surprisingly, while German wind and solar capacity has tripled since 2008, balancing reserves have been reduced by 15%, and costs by 50%.

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Metadaten
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Author(s):Lion HirthORCiD, Inka Ziegenhagen
Parent Title (English):Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
ISSN:1364-0321
Publisher:Elsevier Ltd
Publishing Institution:Hertie School
First Page:1035
Last Page:1051
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.180
Release Date:2017/07/24
Tag:Balancing power; Control power; Market design; Regulating power; Solar power; Variable renewables; Wind power
Volume:50
Notes:
This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.180
Licence of document (German):Metadaten (öffentlich), post-print
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