TY - JOUR A1 - Çalı, Başak T1 - The Logics of Supranational Human Rights Litigation, Official Acknowledgment, and Human Rights Reform: The Southeast Turkey Cases before the European Court of Human Rights, 1996-2006 JF - Law and Social Inquiry N2 - This article examines the domestic impact of supranational human rights litigation on acknowledgment of state violence in the context of macroprocesses of global governance. The article's argument is that the impact of supranational human rights litigation on the process of acknowledgment must be seen through counternarratives on state violence. The article undertakes a detailed textual analysis of the truth claims and denial strategies that emerged from the European Court of Human Rights proceedings on state violence during Turkey's struggle against the armed group the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK). It assesses these in the context of the human rights reforms that were created following pressure from European-level governance processes. The article argues that attention must be paid to agency in acknowledgment and truth-telling processes, and points to the limits of technical-bureaucratic forms of human rights reform interventions in the context of state violence. KW - Human rights KW - European Court of Human Rights KW - Terrorism KW - Law reform KW - Litigation KW - Government reform KW - Social law KW - European Council KW - Torture Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2010.01187.x SN - 1747-4469 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 311 EP - 337 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Çalı, Başak ED - Gilbert, Geoff ED - Hampson, Francoise ED - Sandoval, Clara T1 - From Bangladesh to responsibility to protect: the legality and implementation criteria for humanitarian intervention BT - Essays in Honour of Professor Sir Nigel Rodley T2 - The Delivery of Human Rights Y1 - 2010 N1 - ISBN: 9780415813426 9780415579926 9780203844359 SP - 228 EP - 244 PB - Routledge CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woll, Cornelia A1 - Jacquot, Sophie T1 - Using Europe: Strategic action in multi-level politics JF - Comparative European Politics N2 - This article examines the importance of action-theoretical considerations in European studies. By outlining the notion of ‘usage’ of the European Union, we argue for a more systematically sociological consideration of strategic action in the study of European transformations. The recent turns towards constructivism and comparative political sociology allow analyzing the rationality of political actors without falling in the trap of overly reductionist rational choice assumptions. Concentrating on intentional action helps to reveal the importance of three aspects of the multi-level polity: (1) informal and non-constraining procedures; (2) the effects of ways in which actors move in between the different levels of the European political system; and (3) the ambiguous and often surprising coalitions that come together despite often considerable disagreement over their final goals. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/cep.2010.7 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 110 EP - 126 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Woll, Cornelia ED - Abdelal, Rawi ED - Blyth, Mark ED - Parsons, Craig T1 - Firm Interests in Uncertain Times: Business Lobbying in Multilateral Service Liberalization T2 - Constructing the International Economy N2 - Abstract : Many observers agree that the multilateral liberalization of service trade was a response to the intense lobbying efforts of financial service companies. In contrast, many of the firms that were affected by the General Agreement on the Trade of Services did not know where their interests lay in the multilateral negotiations and only began to work with their governments very late in the process. This paper shows that the preference evolution of service companies - both the first movers and the late comers - cannot be explained with reference to material rationality only. As a radically new trade issue, service trade was a realm of great uncertainty for business and they relied on social devices rather than pure economic calculations to determine how to position themselves on liberalization. In times of uncertainty, the differential logic of social embeddedness and the institutional constraints of a firm's national setting are therefore a more appropriate indicator for business demands than material incentives arising from the global economy. Y1 - 2010 UR - https://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/book/9780801475887/constructing-the-international-economy/#bookTabs=1 SN - 9780801475887 SP - 137 EP - 154 PB - Cornell University Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woll, Cornelia T1 - L'Union européenne : une machine à libéraliser ? JF - Politique européenne N2 - Lecture croisée de: Nicolas Jabko, L’Europe par le marché : Histoire d’une stratégie improbable, Paris, Presses de Sciences Po, coll. « Gouvernances », 2009, 288 pages. François Denord et Antoine Schwartz, L’Europe sociale n’aura pas lieu, Paris, Raisons d’Agir, 2009, 138 pages. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3917/poeu.031.0215 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 215 EP - 220 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiedmann, Thomas A1 - Wood, Richard A1 - Minx, Jan C. T1 - A carbon footprint time series of the UK–results from a multi-region input–output model JF - Economic Systems Research Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09535311003612591 SN - 0953-5314 VL - 1 IS - 22 SP - 19 EP - 42 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegrich, Kai A1 - Lodge, Martin A1 - McElroy, Gail T1 - Dodgy kebabs everywhere? : Variety of Worldviews and Regulatory Change JF - Public Administration N2 - In the study of risk regulation, grid-group cultural theory has attracted considerable interest. There has, however, been a lack of a systematic interest in its claims and in methodological issues. In this article, we present five claims that are drawn from cultural theory and assess them in the light of failure in meat inspections in Germany. These claims are assessed through the analysis of argumentation as recorded in newspapers. In the light of its empirical findings, this article argues that the claims and methodology employed offer a promising avenue for further work to investigate the usefulness of this particular theoretical approach. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2010.01811.x SN - 1467-9299 VL - 88 IS - 1 SP - 247 EP - 266 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegrich, Kai A1 - Döhler, Marian T1 - Regulierung als Konzept und Instrument moderner Staatstätigkeit JF - dms: Der moderne Staat N2 - Unter „Regulierung“ versteht man primär staatliche Eingriffe, die im öffentlichen Interesse sowohl Marktversagen korrigieren wie auch zivilisatorische Risiken mindern sollen. Der Begriff ist ein Import aus dem angelsächsischen Sprachraum und hat sich vor allem durch die EU auch in der bundesdeutschen Politik ausgebreitet. Gleichwohl gibt es hierzulande noch kein einheitliches Begriffsverständnis. Regulierung wird nicht nur in verschiedenen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen mit unterschiedlichem Bedeutungsgehalt gefüllt, sondern ist auch in der politischen Praxis ein ausdeutungsfähiges Konzept. Der Aufsatz nimmt die so entstandenen Unklarheiten zum Anlass, um die verschiedenen Teildiskurse über Regulierung sowie die spezifisch deutsche Rezeption des Begriffes nachzuzeichnen. Die zentrale These lautet, dass Unterschiede nicht einfach „wegdefiniert“ werden können, sondern eine verwirrungsfreie Verwendung des Regulierungsbegriffs nur dann möglich ist, wenn der jeweilige analytische oder auch praktische Verwendungskontext reflektiert und transparent gemacht wird. KW - Regulierungskonzepte KW - Regulierungsdiskurse KW - bessere Rechtsetzung KW - praktische und analytische Verwendung KW - deutsche Begriffsrezeption Y1 - 2010 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-413677 SN - 1865-7192 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 52 PB - Budrich CY - Leverkusen ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wegrich, Kai T1 - Das Leitbild "Better Regulation" : Ziele, Instrumente, Wirkungsweise Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-3-8360-7238-0 PB - Ed. Sigma CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wegrich, Kai T1 - Post-New Public Management T2 - Handbuch zur Verwaltungsreform Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-3531175461 SP - 90 EP - 98 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ET - 4. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Traxler, Christian A1 - Trautmann, Stefan T1 - Reserve Prices as Reference Points : Evidence from Auctions for Football Players at Hattrick.org JF - Journal of Economic Psychology N2 - We study the impact of sellers’ reserve prices on transfer prices in online auctions of virtual football players at Hattrick.org. We introduce an empirical model that distinguishes between two separate effects from public reserve prices: (1) a mechanical effect, which is driven by the design of the English auction and (2) a psychological reference-dependence effect through reserve prices serving as reference points. The psychological effect has recently been introduced in behavioral models of situations where agents are uncertain about their own willingness-to-pay, while the mechanical effect is well captured by standard auction theory. Controlling for censoring when players are not sold, both effects are observed. Once we account for the potential endogeneity of reserve prices, however, we do not find evidence for reference dependence in Hattrick auctions. KW - Reserve prices KW - Reference dependence KW - Auctions KW - Online games Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21619 SN - 0167-4870 N1 - This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Journal of Economic Psychology. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI 10.1016/j.joep.2009.08.004 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 230 EP - 240 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Traxler, Christian A1 - Slemrod, Joel T1 - Optimal Observability in a Linear Income Tax JF - Economics Letters N2 - We study the optimal observability of the tax base within the standard linear income tax problem, where observability is determined by the government's investment into the accurate measurement of the tax base. KW - Optimal linear income taxation KW - Observability KW - Tax enforcement Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21590 SN - 0165-1765 N1 - This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Economics Letters. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI 10.1016/j.econlet.2010.04.044 VL - 108 IS - 2 SP - 105 EP - 108 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Traxler, Christian T1 - Social Norms and Conditional Cooperative Taxpayers JF - European Journal of Political Economy N2 - This paper incorporates tax morale into the Allingham and Sandmo (1972) model of income tax evasion. Tax morale is modeled as a social norm for tax compliance. The strength of the norm is shaped endogenously, depending on the share of evaders in the society. Taxpayers act conditionally cooperative as their evasion depends on the others' compliance. We characterize the equilibrium which accounts for this interdependence and study the implications for tax and enforcement policies. The analysis is extended to the case of a society consisting of heterogenous communities. Individual evasion decisions are then embedded in a complex social structure and behavior is influenced by the norm compliance among morale reference groups. Within this framework, we highlight the role of belief management as an alternative policy tool. KW - Tax evasion KW - Social norms KW - Multiple equilibria KW - Conditional cooperation KW - Belief management Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21603 SN - 0176-2680 N1 - This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in European Journal of Political Economy. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2009.11.001 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 89 EP - 103 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stockmann, Daniela ED - Carlson, Allen ED - Gallagher, Mary E. ED - Lieberthal, Kenneth ED - Manion, Melanie T1 - Information Overload? Collecting, Managing, and Analyzing Chinese Media Content T2 - Contemporary Chinese Politics: New Sources, Methods, and Field Strategies Y1 - 2010 SN - 9780521155762, 978-0521197830, 978-0521197830 N1 - Also published as: Meiti zai kandai ouzhouren shi dui minzu zhongxin zhuyi de yingxiang (Media Influence on Ethnocentrism Towards Europeans).” In Lisheng Dong et al., eds, 2012. Latest Data, Contributing Factors and Policy Implications, (Beijing: China Social Sciences Academic Press), pp. 257-76. SP - 107 EP - 128 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockmann, Daniela T1 - Who Believes Propaganda? Media Effects during the Anti-Japanese Protests in Beijing JF - The China Quarterly Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-23943 VL - 2010 IS - 202 SP - 269 EP - 289 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockmann, Daniela T1 - Book Review. Young Nam Cho, Local People's Congresses in China JF - Perspectives on Politics Y1 - 2010 UR - http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0920203X090230030602 SP - 1247 EP - 1248 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockmann, Daniela T1 - Google en oeroude duiven: Hoe de publieke opinie in China wordt gestuurd T1 - Google and Ancient Pigeons: How Public Opinion is Guided in China JF - China Nu JF - China Now Y1 - 2010 VL - 2 SP - 22 EP - 25 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockmann, Daniela T1 - Book Review. Haiqing Yu, Media and Cultural Transformation in China JF - China Information Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0920203X100240010509 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 114 EP - 115 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sezgi, Funda A1 - Mair, Johanna T1 - To Control or Not Control: A Coordination Perspective to Scaling T2 - Scaling Social Impact: New Thinking KW - Social Entrepreneurship KW - Scaling KW - Control KW - Coordination Y1 - 2010 SN - Hardcover ISBN 978-0-230-10437-2, Softcover ISBN 978-0-230-33837-1 SP - 29 EP - 44 PB - Palgrave Macmillan US CY - New York ER - TY - RPRT A1 - SEI, ECI und Cambridge Econometrics, T1 - The Contribution of Products to Meeting UK Climate Change Targets Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Römmele, Andrea A1 - Falk, Svenja A1 - Thunert, Martin A1 - Schober, Henrik T1 - Vom strategischen Nutzen des Wissens in der Politikberatung: Eine Erwiderung auf die Kritik von Nico Koppo und Hagen Schölzel JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift (PVS) N2 - Das Thema Politikberatung hat in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend Beachtung gefunden und wichtige wissenschaftliche Debatten über die zugrunde liegenden Theorien und Konzepte ausgelöst. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die These der Autoren verteidigt, dass sich in Deutschland parallel zu den klassischen dezisionistischen Beratungsstrukturen eine Variante der Politikberatung entwickelt hat, die auf dauerhafter diskursiv-kooperativer Interaktion zwischen Beratern und Beratenen beruht. Das durch solche Beratung gewonnene Wissen ist nicht nur externe Legitimationsquelle oder Entscheidungsgrundlage. Es ist vielmehr im politischen Prozess verankert und kann Wirkung entfalten, sofern es den Gütekriterien der epistemischen und politischen Robustheit genügt. KW - Politikberatung KW - Politikzyklus KW - Nutzung von Wissen KW - Staatlichkeit Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-010-0010-3 SN - 1862-2860 VL - 51 IS - 1 SP - 119 EP - 125 PB - VS-Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Römmele, Andrea A1 - Falk, Svenja A1 - Thunert, Martin A1 - Schober, Henrik T1 - Politikberatungsforschung T2 - Politikwissenschaft in Deutschland Y1 - 2010 SP - 97 EP - 121 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Römmele, Andrea A1 - Falk, Svenja A1 - Schober, Henrik A1 - Thunert, Martin T1 - Politikberatungsforschung T2 - Politikwissenschaft in Deutschland N2 - Die Verfasser stellen den state of the art im Bereich der Politikberatungsforschung dar. Nach einer Einführung in das Themengebiet und einer Skizze der konzeptionellen und theoretischen Zugänge werden die inhaltliche Beratung (policy advice) und die Beratung, die den politischen Prozess betrifft (political consulting), skizziert. Für beide Spielarten der Politikberatung werden anhand eines beispielhaften Bereichs zentrale Akteure und Handlungsfelder identifiziert und mittels klassischer und aktueller Forschungsarbeiten sowie anderer Schlüsseltexte skizziert. Hinsichtlich des policy advice werden die Beratungsstrukturen der Exekutiven auf Bundes- und Länderebene sowie ausgewählte externe Beratungseinrichtungen berücksichtigt, für das political consulting die zunehmenden Angebote an kommerzieller Kommunikationsberatung ausgewählt. Ein Resümee skizziert auf dieser Basis die Gegenwart und Zukunft der Politikberatungsforschung anhand von Forschungskontroversen, Forschungs- und Wissenslücken sowie Forschungsdesideraten. Y1 - 2010 SP - 97 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Römmele, Andrea T1 - Public Affairs: Was ist das? Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reh, Christine ED - Bjola, Corneliu ED - Kornprobst, Markus T1 - Consensus, compromise and “inclusive agreement”: Negotiating supranational governance T2 - Arguing Global Governance: Agency, Lifeworld and Shared Reasoning N2 - Negotiated “policy-arrangements” and their institutionalization are at the heart of global governance. This chapter focuses on the European Union (EU) as one particular arena that produces binding decisions beyond the nation state. For scholars of global governance, the EU constitutes an interesting but idiosyncratic case: the EU’s system of decision-making and enforcement is highly institutionalized; the EU covers a broad policy-remit, touching upon core areas of national sovereignty such as monetary policy or border control; and the EU is exceptionally intrusive and effective, producing binding laws that are widely complied with in its member states. At the same time, the nature of supranational governance – famously described as “less than a federation, more than a regime” (Wallace 1983) – remains open and undefined. For scholars of argumentation, deliberation and persuasion, the European Union is an equally fruitful object of study: the EU’s deliberative decision-style is used to explain compliance with European law (Neyer 2004); the EU is conceptualized as an actor that projects “normative” rather than military power (Manners 2002) and the supranational decision-process serves as testing ground for theories of deliberation (Eriksen and Fossum 2000; Joerges and Neyer 1997a, 1997b), argumentation (Naurin 2010), problem-solving (Elgström and Jönsson 2000), rhetorical action (Schimmelfennig 2001) and judgment (Kornprobst 2008). Y1 - 2010 SN - 9781136906367 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203842577 SP - 177 EP - 194 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pisani-Ferry, Jean A1 - Jaillet, Pierre T1 - L'euro en 2019 T2 - Revue d’Economie Financière. L'euro en 2019 N2 - Dans ce numéro, la Revue propose de réfléchir au futur de la monnaie unique. De grands décideurs et des experts renommés ont été invités à répondre à la question suivante : « Quelles sont selon vous les évolutions les plus susceptibles d'influencer et, le cas échéant, de transformer la zone euro et son fonctionnement dans les dix années à venir ? ». L'ensemble des contributions est donc orienté vers l'avenir plutôt que vers l'évaluation des résultats du passé. L'euro est considéré comme un succès, mais le bilan de l'UEM est plus controversé. Les auteurs nous livrent une réflexion sans complaisance qui met en valeur les défis de la prochaine décennie : - si l'euro a bravement traversé la tempête de la crise financière et économique, des réparations et des aménagements s'imposent ; - les outils de gestion macroéconomique de la zone euro doivent être plus efficaces ; - il faut achever la construction du marché unique ; - la stratégie d'élargissement doit être clarifiée ; - le rôle international de l'euro va devoir être discuté dans un contexte marqué par les déséquilibres globaux et la contestation de la domination du dollar ; - les Européens devront choisir de renforcer leurs institutions politiques s'ils tiennent à l'engrenage entre union monétaire et union politique. Les différents enjeux sont clairement exprimés par les auteurs et il en résulte que si les dix premières années ont parfois été mouvementées, les dix prochaines ne le seront sans doute pas moins. Y1 - 2010 UR - https://www.persee.fr/doc/ecofi_0987-3368_2010_num_96_1_5367 SP - 9 EP - 18 PB - Association d'économie financière CY - Arcueil, France ET - 96 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Pisani-Ferry, Jean A1 - Bénassy-Quéré, Agnès A1 - Coeuré, Benoît A1 - Jacquet, Pierre T1 - Economic Policy BT - Theory and Practice N2 - Written by four recognized experts with senior experience in research and government, this text is the first comprehensive survival kit for students and practitioners of economic policy. It is set to become an indispensable resource for everyone involved or interested in modern economic policy. Academic scholars willing to engage in policy discussions and students at graduate or advanced undergraduate levels will find it an essential bridge to the policy world. What makes the book unique is that it combines like no other, facts-based analysis, state-of-the art theories and models, and insights from first-hand policy experience at national and international levels. The book has grown out of ten years of experience teaching economic policy at the graduate level. It provides an intellectually coherent framework to understand the potentialities and limits of economic policy. It addresses positive dimensions (how do policies impact on modern economies?), normative dimensions (what should policymakers aim to achieve and against what should their action be judged?) and political-economy constraints (which are the limits and obstacles to public intervention?). It fills an important gap by reconciling in each major policy area stylized facts of recent economic history, key questions faced by contemporary policymakers, and essential lessons from theory which are captured and explained in a clear, concise, and self-contained way. All major areas of domestic and international policymaking are covered: fiscal policy, monetary policy, international finance and exchange-rate policy, tax policy, and long-term growth policies. The book concludes with a special chapter on the lessons of the financial crisis. The authors are intellectually non-partisan and they draw examples from various countries and experiences; from emerging markets to developing economies, shedding light when necessary on local specificities such as European Union rules and instruments. Economic Policy: Theory and Practice is the essential guide to economic policy in the new post-crisis context. Y1 - 2010 N1 - ISBN 9780195322736 Please note: Economic Policy, with Agnès Bénassy-Quéré, Benoît Coeuré et Pierre Jacquet, 2010. New revised and expanded edition, forthcoming Oxford University Press 2018. Chinese edition, 2015. Greek edition, in preparation. PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peters, G. P. A1 - Guan, Dabo A1 - Hubacek, K. A1 - Minx, Jan C. T1 - Effects of China's economic growth JF - Science Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.328.5980.824-b VL - 328 IS - 5980 SP - 824 EP - 825 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Paul, A. A1 - Wiedmann, Thomas A1 - Barrett, John A1 - Minx, Jan C. T1 - A Plain English Guide to Input-Output Analysis: The Resources und Energy Analysis Programme T2 - The Sustainability Practitioner's Guide to Input-Output Analysis Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-1863357470 PB - CommonGround CY - Illinois, USA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina A1 - van Meurs, Wim T1 - Ottomans into Europeans: state and institution building in South-East Europe N2 - While many histories of the Balkans have been published, some very good and others poor, there is as yet no history of institutions in the Balkans. This is what the contributors to Ottomans into European offer the reader: a history of the most salient political institutions of the region: bureaucracies, judiciaries, democratic elections, free media, local and central government - and their frequently strained relations with traditional institutions. They also examine the selection, evolution, and performance of institutions in the post-Ottoman Balkans, and try to account for variations throughout the region. In writing this institutional history of the Balkans the contributors set themselves two key questions: did the post-Ottoman wave of Europeanization and Western-type institution building fail in the Balkans, and does this explain the region's continuing political fragility? And if this is the case, are there underlying structural determinants explaining that failure which might manifest themselves again in present attempts to re-integrate the region, from Turkey to Albania? Y1 - 2010 SN - 9780231701686 N1 - Available as print in your Hertie Library. Als Druckversion in der Hertie Bibliothek verfügbar. PB - Columbia University Press, CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina ED - Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina ED - Van Meurs, Wim T1 - Ottomans into Europeans: State and Institution-building in South Eastern Europe N2 - While many histories of the Balkans have been published, some very good and others poor, there is as yet no history of institutions in the Balkans. This is what the contributors to Ottomans into European offer the reader: a history of the most salient political institutions of the region: bureaucracies, judiciaries, democratic elections, free media, local and central government – and their frequently strained relations with traditional institutions. They also examine the selection, evolution, and performance of institutions in the post-Ottoman Balkans, and try to account for variations throughout the region. In writing this institutional history of the Balkans the contributors set themselves two key questions: did the post-Ottoman wave of Europeanization and Western-type institution building fail in the Balkans, and does this explain the region’s continuing political fragility? And if this is the case, are there underlying structural determinants explaining that failure which might manifest themselves again in present attempts to re-integrate the region, from Turkey to Albania? KW - Civil society, transformation KW - Balkan states, South-Eastern Europe Y1 - 2010 SN - 9781849040747 PB - C. Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd CY - London ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina T1 - A Tale of Two Villages. Coerced Modernization in the East European Countryside N2 - A non-fiction book about the social engineering operated in rural Eastern Europe by the Communist regime, based on the history of two villages in Romania. One of the two villages is the birthplace of Nicolae Ceausescu, the former Communist dictator, Scornicesti, which received massive investment during communist years and was turned into a mixture of underdeveloped village and industrial town. The other is Nucsoara, the Carpathian cradle of peasants' resistance against Communism, where half the village was executed or imprisoned and their lands divided between the other half. The state intervention failed in both villages to attain the planned objectives, but it nevertheless changed fundamentally the life of villagers. This book is mostly about the consequences of unlimited state power over people and communities. KW - Romania, development, state intervention Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-963-9776-78-4 PB - Central European University Press CY - Budapest ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Molina, Ana Cristina A1 - Bussolo, Maurizio A1 - Iacovone, Leonardo T1 - The DR-CAFTA and the extensive margin : a firm-level analysis T2 - World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2010/08/27/000158349_20100827150309/Rendered/PDF/WPS5340.pdf VL - 5340 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Minx, Jan C. A1 - Baiocchi, Giovanni A1 - Wiedmann, Thomas T1 - Understanding Changes in the UK's CO2 Emissions: A Structural Decomposition Approach BT - Report to the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Y1 - 2010 PB - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mena, Sébastien A1 - de Leede, Marieke A1 - Baumann, Dorothée A1 - Black, Nicky A1 - Lindeman, Sara A1 - McShane, Lindsay T1 - Advancing the business & human rights agenda: Dialogue, empowerment and constructive engagement JF - Journal of Business Ethics N2 - As corporations are going global, they are increasingly confronted with human rights challenges. As such, new ways to deal with human rights challenges in corporate operations must be developed as traditional governance mechanisms are not always able to tackle them. This article presents five different views on innovative solutions for the relationships between business and human rights that all build on empowerment, dialogue and constructive engagement. The different approaches highlight an emerging trend toward a more active role for corporations in the protection of human rights. The first examines the need for enhanced dialogue between corporations and their stakeholders. The next three each examine a different facet of empowerment, a critical factor for the respect and protection of human rights: empowerment of the poor, of communities, and of consumers. The final one presents a case study of constructive corporate engagement in Myanmar (Burma). Altogether, these research projects provide insight into the complex relationships between corporate operations and human rights, by highlighting the importance of stakeholder dialogue and empowerment. All the five projects were presented during the Second Swiss Master Class in Corporate Social Responsibility, held in Lausanne, Switzerland on December 12, 2008. The audience for this conference, which examined business and human rights, was composed of researchers, governmental representatives, and business and non-governmental organization practitioners. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0188-8 SN - 1573-0697 VL - 93 IS - 1 SP - 161 EP - 188 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marsh, Michael A1 - Jankin, Slava T1 - European Parliament elections and EU governance JF - Living Reviews in European Governance N2 - The decision to establish direct elections to the European Parliament was intended by many to establish a direct link between the individual citizen and decision making at the European level. Elections were meant to help to establish a common identity among the peoples of Europe, to legitimise policy through the normal electoral processes and provide a public space within which Europeans could exert a more direct control over their collective future. Critics disagreed, arguing that direct elections to the European Parliament would further undermine the sovereignty of member states, and may not deliver on the promise that so many were making on behalf of that process. In particular, some wondered whether elections alone could mobilise European publics to take a much greater interest in European matters, with the possibility of European elections being contested simply on national matters. Evaluating these divergent views, the subject of this article is to review the literature on direct elections to the European Parliament in the context of the role these elections play in governance of the European Union. The seminal work by Reif and Schmitt serves as the starting point of our review. These authors were the first to discuss elections to the European Parliament as second-order national elections. Results of second-order elections are influenced not only by second-order factors, but also by the situation in the first-order arena at the time of the second-order election. In the 30 years and six more sets of European Parliament elections since the publication of their work, the concept has become the dominant one in any academic discussion of European elections. In this article we review that work in order to assess the continuing value of the second-order national election concept today, and to consider some of the more fruitful areas for research which might build on the advance made by Reif and Schmitt. While the concept has proven useful in studies of a range of elections beyond just those for the European Parliament, including those for regional and local assemblies as well as referendums, this review will concentrate solely on EP elections. Concluding that Reif and Schmitt’s characterisation remains broadly valid today, the article allows that while this does not mean there is necessarily a democratic deficit within the EU, there may be changes that could be made to encourage a more effective electoral process. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12942/lreg-2010-4 SN - 1813-856X VL - 5 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Hehenberger, Lisa T1 - Escuela Nueva Foundation (ENF): Scaling a model of education Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Ganly, Kate T1 - Social Entrepreneurs: Innovating towards sustainability T2 - State of the World 2010: Transforming Cultures: From Consumerism to Sustainability KW - Social Entrepreneurship KW - Sustainability Y1 - 2010 SN - 039333726X, 978-0393337266 SP - 103 EP - 109 PB - W W Norton & Co Inc ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mair, Johanna T1 - Social Entrepreneurship: taking stock and looking ahead T2 - Handbook of Research on Social Entrepreneurship KW - Social Entrepreneurship Y1 - 2010 SN - 0857933302, 978-0857933300 SP - 16 EP - 33 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lodge, Martin A1 - Wegrich, Kai A1 - McElroy, Gail T1 - Dodgy kebabs everywhere? Variety of Worldviews and Regulatory Change JF - Public Administration N2 - In the study of risk regulation, grid‐group cultural theory has attracted considerable interest. There has, however, been a lack of a systematic interest in its claims and in methodological issues. In this article, we present five claims that are drawn from cultural theory and assess them in the light of failure in meat inspections in Germany. These claims are assessed through the analysis of argumentation as recorded in newspapers. In the light of its empirical findings, this article argues that the claims and methodology employed offer a promising avenue for further work to investigate the usefulness of this particular theoretical approach. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2010.01811.x VL - 88 IS - 1 SP - 247 EP - 266 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kurban, Dilek A1 - Tsitselikis, Konstantinos T1 - A Tale of Reciprocity: Minority Foundations in Greece and Turkey N2 - The word most frequently uttered by Greece and Turkey with regard to their Muslim1 and non-Muslim minorities, respectively, is most probably ‘reciprocity.’ For more than half a century, in both countries, virtually all administrations,irrespective of their political leanings and ideological base, resorted to the good old ‘reciprocity argument’ to legitimize their laws, policies, and practices restricting the minority rights of Muslim and non-Muslim communities. Both states have for decades justified their policies on the basis of a theory that argues that Article 45 of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne provided the legal basis for reciprocity. Deliberately distorting a crystal-clear provision, which simply confers parallel obligations on Greece and Turkey for the protection of the Muslim and non-Muslim minorities, respectively, both states have for decades held their own citizens hostage, pitting them against each other in the name of defeating the other in foreign policy. Disregarding the objections of international lawyers and institutions that the reciprocity principle does not apply to human rights treaties and that states cannot condition the protection of the fundamental rights of their citizens on the policies of other states, both Greece and Turkey have successfully manipulated their national public opinion into believing in the legitimacy of treating minorities as lesser citizens. This report analyzes the implications of reciprocity policies on the day-to-day lives of Muslim and non-Muslim minorities in Greece and Turkey, specifically their impact on the community foundations2 belonging to these minorities. With a specific focus on the property and self-management issues of Muslim and non-Muslim community foundations in Greece and Turkey, the report situates the issue in its historical context and trace the evolution of the ‘community foundation issue’ from Lausanne to the present day. Drawing similarities and differences between the laws, policies, and practices of Greek and Turkish states vis-à-vis their minority foundations, the report critically assesses the progress made to this day as well as identify the outstanding issues. KW - Minority policies in Turkey and Greece Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-17545 UR - http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/vakiflar-tr-grc-ing.pdf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Scholz, Rembrandt A1 - Peters, Frederik A1 - Wlosnewski, Ines T1 - Order specific fertility rates for Germany: Estimates from Perinatal Statistics for the period 2001-2008 JF - Comparative population studies (CPOS) N2 - Until 2008, Germany’s vital statistics did not include information on the biological order of each birth. This resulted in a dearth of important demographic indicators, such as the mean age at fi rst birth and the level of childlessness. Researchers have tried to fill this gap by generating order-specifi c birth rates from survey data, and by combining survey data with vital statistics. This paper takes a different approach by using Perinatal Statistics to generate birth order-specific fertility rates for the period 2001 to 2008. Perinatal Statistics includes information on births that took place in German hospitals. Out-of-hospital births, which account for about 2 % of all births, are not included in the Perinatal Statistics. In a sensitivity analysis, we show how robust our estimates are to the inclusion of out-of-hospital births. Our general assessment is that the Perinatal Statistics is a valuable source for generating order-specific fertility rates, regardless of whether out-of-hospital births are included. KW - Birth order KW - Fertility KW - Germany KW - Eastern and Western Germany KW - Perinatal Statistics Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9642 SN - 1869-8980 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 207 EP - 224 PB - Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Scholz, Rembrandt T1 - Fertility and mortality data for Germany T2 - Building on progress: expanding the research infrastructure for the social, economic, and behavioral sciences N2 - In recent years, considerable progress has been made in improving the data infrastructure for fertility and morality researchers in Germany. Several large scale data sets have been made available through the research data centers: the micro-censuses of the 1970s and 1980s, the censuses of the GDR and FRG, the micro-census panel, data from the pension registers, individual level data from the vital statistics, and the central foreigner registers have become available for scientific usage. Vital statistics have been reformed, and the micro-census now includes information on number of children ever born. Despite these improvements, there are still some “weak spots” in Germany’s data infrastructure. Germany is lacking official counts of reconstituted families. We know little about the mortality risks of immigrants. In addition, the data infrastructure for studying the socio-economic differences in mortality risks could be improved, thus enabling Germany to catch up with international developments in this area. This paper concludes by making some suggestions for improving the data available. Y1 - 2010 SN - ISBN 978-3-940755-58- SP - 739 EP - 751 PB - Budrich UniPress CY - Opladen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Perelli-Harris, Brienna A1 - Sigle-Rushton, Wendy A1 - Lappegard, Trude A1 - Berghammer, Caroline A1 - Keizer, Renske T1 - The educational gradient of nonmarital childbearing in Europe JF - Population and Development Review N2 - Nearly every European Country has experienced some increase in nonmarital childbearing, largely due to increasing births within cohabitation. Relatively few studies in Europe, however, investigate the educational gradient of childbearing within cohabitation or how it changed over time. Using retrospective union and fertility histories, we employ competing risk hazard models to examine the educational gradient of childbearing in cohabitation in eight countries across europe. In all countries studied, birth risks within cohabitation demonstrated a negative educational gradient. When directly comparing cohabiting fertility with marital fertility, the negative educational gradient persists in all countries except Italy, although differences were not significant in Austria, France, and West Germany. To explain these findings, we present an alternative explanation for the increase in childbearing within cohabitation that goes beyond the explanation of the Second Demographic Transition and provides a new interpretation of the underlying mechanisms that may influence childbearing within cohabitation. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2010-004.pdf SN - 0098-7921 N1 - Available as Working Paper from the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research: http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2010-004.pdf VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 775 EP - 801 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken (NJ) [u.a.] ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Perelli-Harris, Brienna A1 - Kubisch, Karolin T1 - Harmonized histories : Manual for the preparation of comparative fertility and union histories T2 - MPIDR Working Paper (No. 11/2010) N2 - This document describes the standardization process of the Harmonized Histories. The Harmonized Histories is a comparative database of rich reproductive and union histories from surveys conducted in a number of countries in Europe. Given that birth and union data has been collected in a number of ways in different surveys, it has been very difficult to conduct cross-national analyses of recent union and fertility behavior over time. A team of researchers called the Nonmarital Childbearing Network has cleaned and standardized the surveys according to guidelines set out in this manual. Currently, the database includes data from the Generations and Gender Surveys (GGSs) in Italy, Germany, France, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Russia; the 2003 Dutch Fertility and Family Survey; and the British Household Panel Survey. Y1 - 2010 N1 - Free online Access / Freier online Zugriff: http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2010-011.pdf PB - Max-Planck Institut für demografische Forschung CY - Rostock ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Kubisch, Olga T1 - Data Documentation Germany: Documentation for the Human Fertility Base N2 - The Human Fertility Database (HFD) is a joint project of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR) in Rostock, Germany and the Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) in Vienna, Austria, based at MPIDR. We seek to provide free and user-friendly access to detailed and high-quality data on period and cohort fertility and thus to facilitate research on changes and inter-country differences in fertility in the past and in the modern era. The HFD is entirely based on official vital statistics and places a great emphasis on data checking and documentation and on warranting data comparability across time and countries by means of uniform methodology Y1 - 2010 PB - Max-Planck-Institut für demografische Forschung CY - Rostock ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk T1 - Familienformen und Lebensbedingungen in Ost und West: Zur sozioökonomischen Lage von Müttern in Deutschland, Frankreich und Russland T2 - Leben in Ost- und Westdeutschland: Eine sozialwissenschaftliche Bilanz der deutschen Einheit 1990-2010 N2 - Die Debatte um den Wandel von Familie und Lebensformen in Ost- und Westdeutschland konzentriert sich vor allem auf Veränderungen, die während der letzten 20 Jahre erfolgt sind. Jedoch sind diese Entwicklungen in Westdeutschland genauso wie in Ostdeutschland in grundlegendere Tendenzen des demografischen Wandels seit den sechziger Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts eingebettet, die als Europas "zweiter demografischer Übergang" bezeichnet werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund erfolgt die vorliegende Betrachtung des Wandels in Ost- und Westdeutschland in einem breiteren europäischen Kontext. Durch einen Vergleich von Deutschland Ost und West mit Frankreich und Russland werden sowohl die Spezifika der westdeutschen Situation als auch die Besonderheiten des Wandels im Osten in Folge der Systemtransformation herausgearbeitet. Der Beitrag ist wie folgt aufgebaut: Nach der Einleitung wird im zweiten Abschnitt ein Überblick über grundlegende familiendemografische Entwicklungen sowie institutionelle Kontexte des familialen Wandels in Frankreich, Russland und Deutschland gegeben. Im dritten Abschnitt werden die zu Grunde liegenden Daten vorgestellt, und im vierten Teil wird die wirtschaftliche Lage von Müttern in den drei Ländern beschrieben. Im letzten Abschnitt wird die Frage behandelt, welche Rolle Familienformen und insbesondere die Erwerbsbeteiligung von Müttern in den untersuchten Ländern für die sozioökonomische Lage von Familien spielen Y1 - 2010 SN - ISBN 978-3-593-39333-9 SP - 123 EP - 143 PB - Campus CY - Frankfurt a.M. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk T1 - The growing educational divide in mother's employment: An investigation based on the German micro-censuses 1976-2004 JF - Work, Employment and Society N2 - This article investigates whether the increase in the labour force participation of mothers in western Germany has been accompanied by growing social inequalities in maternal employment. The focus is on education-related differences in full-time, part-time and marginal employment, and, in particular, changes therein over time. It is assumed that worsening labour market opportunities for the less educated and a ‘familialistic’ social policy context have resulted in growing differentials in mothers’ employment by education. Data from the scientific use files of the German micro-censuses for the years 1976 to 2004 show that the part-time and marginal employment rates of mothers have increased, while full-time employment rates have declined. Reductions in full-time employment are most pronounced among less educated mothers, resulting in growing educational differences in the employment of mothers. KW - Education KW - Female labour force participation KW - Male breadwinner model KW - Microcensus KW - Western Germany Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9678 SN - 0950-0170 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 260 EP - 278 PB - Sage CY - Los Angeles [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - Uncertainties in female employment careers and the postponement of parenthood in Germany JF - European Sociological Review N2 - This paper investigates whether uncertainties in female employment careers result in a postponement of family formation. Data for this analysis comes from the German Socio-Economic Panel, which provides longitudinal information on economic uncertainty and fertility for the period 1984 to 2006. We employ objective measures of uncertainty (unemployment) as well as subjective measures (whether the respondent is worried about her economic situation, whether she is worried about the security of her job). We find little evidence that uncertainties in female employment careers generally lead to a postponement of parenthood. Hence, the relationship between economic uncertainty and first birth varies by level of education. While more highly educated postpone parenthood when subject to employment uncertainties, women with low levels of education often respond to these situations by becoming mothers. KW - Germany KW - Fertility Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9661 SN - 0266-7215 N1 - This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in European Sociological Review. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI:10.1093/esr/jcp026 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 351 EP - 366 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - THES A1 - Kostka, Genia T1 - Private sector development in central China: patterns, causes, and the role of local governments Y1 - 2010 PB - Oxford Univ.Press CY - Oxford ER -