TY - RPRT A1 - Kildal, Nanna A1 - Kuhnle, Stein T1 - Universal Old Age Pensions : arguments at time of introduction in Canada, Mauritius and Norway N2 - If combating poverty is a major political goal of social policy, and combating poverty among the old population in particular, what type of old age pension or income support policies are preferable? What is the status of knowledge as to the effects of various designs of pension programmes? Studies indicate that universal old age pension programmes are conducive to poverty alleviation and less income inequality, but strikingly few countries have introduced universal pension programmes since New Zealand as the first country in the world introduced such a scheme in 1938. We wonder what arguments were expressed and were decisive for the introduction of the universal schemes that after all exist, and a first analysis of the basic arguments for establishing universal old age pensions in three selected countries is made. The three countries are Canada, Mauritius and Norway which all introduced universal pensions in the 1950s, and belong to the group of pioneering countries in this respect. Even if an idea of a “one-size-fits-all” policy is not necessarily subscribed to, it is of interest to do a comparison of arguments for one specific policy solution, universal pensions, in countries belonging to different continents, existing in different international contexts, having different cultures and traditions, being at different levels of economic development, having different political history, and which are different in territorial and population size. An overview of pension systems in all countries of the world is given, and the historical arguments for universal pension systems in the three elected countries are presented and compared. One finding is that the ambition to reduce poverty was an important motivation in two of the countries, but the main consideration cutting across all three countries was the moral aversion to means testing and the desire to respect human dignity. Another argument found in all three countries was the pragmatic one that a universal scheme would lead to a reduction of administrative cost of old age provision. T3 - Hertie School Working Papers Series - 6 Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Offe, Claus A1 - Fuchs, Susanne T1 - Welfare State Formation in the Enlarged European Union: Patterns of Reform in Postcommunist States T2 - The Sage Handbook of European Studies N2 - Eastern Enlargement of the European Union challenged the design of European Welfare states. Many authors discuss the impact of East European social security systems on their West European counterparts and fear a “race to the bottom”. This paper addresses welfare state developments in the eight post-socialist new member states which completed the accession process in 2004, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Slovenia (EU-8). We focus on institutional patterns and performance as well as on the impact of internal and external actors of welfare state formation. How do the EU-8 diverge from West European welfare states and how do they fit into the typology of welfare state regimes? Y1 - 2007 N1 - Available as ebook in your Hertie Library. Als eBook in der Hertie Bibliothek verfügbar. SP - 420 EP - 441 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hassel, Anke T1 - The Curse of Institutional Security: The Erosion of German Trade Unionism JF - Industrielle Beziehungen : Zeitschrift für Arbeit, Organisation und Management N2 - Among all EU member states, German unions have the widest gap between male and female trade union density rates and are least adjusted to the structural changes stemming from the rise of the service sector on the labour market. This development asks for a more subtle understanding of the role of industrial relations institutions for trade union membership. The paper addresses the phenomenon by locating the main problem areas of membership erosion, such as weak service sector membership and the ageing of membership in manufacturing trade unions. It argues that industrial relations institutions have a double effect. Industry unionism is on the one hand a key pillar for centralized bargaining and institutional stability. On the other hand, stable institutional structures might have contributed to the membership decline. KW - Trade union KW - Federal Republic of Germany KW - Development KW - Historical development KW - DGB KW - IG Metall KW - Theory of institutions KW - Service society KW - Corporatism KW - Degree of organization KW - Western Europe KW - Chemical and Energy Industrial Union KW - Structural change Y1 - 2007 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-343914 N1 - Free online access: http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34391 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 176 EP - 191 PB - Hampp-Verl. CY - Mering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jachtenfuchs, Markus T1 - The European Union as a Polity (II) T2 - Handbook of European Union Politics Y1 - 2007 SN - 9781412908757 N1 - Available as print in your Hertie Library. Als Druckversion in der Hertie Bibliothek verfügbar. SP - 159 EP - 173 PB - Sage CY - London [u.a.] ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hassel, Anke T1 - Wage Setting, Social Pacts and the Euro. A New Role for the State. N2 - Politicians, economists, and social theorists tend to agree that globalization and neo-liberal economic policy have contributed to the decline of the social compacts underlying traditional European welfare states. Recently, however, social pacts have demonstrated an impressive resurgence, as governments across Europe facing necessary economic policy adjustments have chosen to view trade unions as vital negotiating partners rather than adversaries. Wage Setting, Social Pacts, and the Euro offers a theoretical understanding of the forces that have led to this new understanding, and of the challenges that increasing monetary integration will continue to pose. Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-9053569191 N1 - Available as print in your Hertie Library. Als Druckversion in der Hertie Bibliothek verfügbar. Free online access: www.oapen.org/download?type=document&docid=340151 Freier online Zugriff: www.oapen.org/download?type=document&docid=340151 PB - Amsterdam Univ. Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hassel, Anke T1 - Gewerkschaften T2 - Interessenverbände in Deutschland Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3-531-14589-1 SP - 173 EP - 196 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dawson, Mark A1 - Paterson, J. T1 - Public Information and Involvement in the Decision-making Process in the Nuclear Sector JF - Trust-net: Final Report (European Commission, DG TREN, 2007) Y1 - 2007 PB - Europäische Kommission CY - Brüssel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hammerschmid, Gerhard T1 - Aktuelle Trends des Personalmanagements in den öffentlichen Verwaltungen Europas JF - Personal-Manager: Zeitschrift für Human Resources Y1 - 2007 SN - 1612-2836 VL - 4 SP - 51 EP - 53 PB - HRM Research Inst. CY - Mannheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk ED - Kreyenfeld, Michaela ED - Konietzka, Dirk T1 - Kinderlosigkeit in Deutschland : theoretische Probleme und empirische Ergebnisse T2 - Ein Leben ohne Kinder : Kinderlosigkeit in Deutschland N2 - In fast allen europäischen Ländern bleiben heute mehr Männer und Frauen kinderlos als vor zwei oder drei Jahrzehnten. In Westdeutschland werden voraussichtlich mehr als 20 Prozent der 1965 geborenen Frauen und möglicherweise 30 Prozent der höher gebildeten Frauen des gleichen Jahrgangs ohne eigene Kinder bleiben. Das Thema Kinderlosigkeit hat in der jüngsten Zeit eine erhebliche öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit erweckt, jedoch steht die in Medien und Politik geführte Debatte auf wackeligen Füßen. Die dort verwendeten Zahlen zum Ausmaß der Kinderlosigkeit von Männern und Frauen in unserer Gesellschaft gehen weit auseinander und die vermuteten Ursachen der hohen Kinderlosigkeit in Deutschland sind widersprüchlich. Sind wirtschaftliche Unsicherheiten, schlechte Bedingungen der Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf oder einseitig karriereorientierte Lebenskonzepte von Frauen, insbesondere Akademikerinnen, für die hohe Kinderlosigkeit verantwortlich? Fehlt ‚nur‘ ein geeigneter Lebenspartner oder, wenn vorhanden, fehlt diesem das Interesse an Familie Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3-531-14933-2 SP - 11 EP - 41 PB - VS-Verl. CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk T1 - Ein Leben ohne Kinder: Kinderlosigkeit in Deutschland N2 - Trotz der offensichtlichen sozialpolitischen Relevanz und großen medialen Aufmerksamkeit des Phänomens Kinderlosigkeit sind das Ausmaß, die Ursachen und die Konsequenzen der Kinderlosigkeit in Deutschland bislang unzureichend untersucht worden, mit der Folge, dass in öffentlichen Debatten eine unkritische Verwendung irreführender, wenn nicht falscher Angaben über Kinderlosigkeit vorherrscht. Das Ziel des Bandes besteht vor diesem Hintergrund darin, das Phänomen der Kinderlosigkeit in Deutschland analytisch differenziert zu durchdringen und belastbare Daten und Ergebnisse über das Ausmaß und die Struktur, die Ursachen und Folgen von Kinderlosigkeit zu präsentieren. Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3531149332 PB - VS-Verl. CY - Wiesbaden ER -