TY - RPRT A1 - Walper, Sabine A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Beblo, Miriam A1 - Hahlweg, Kurt A1 - Nebe, Katja A1 - Schuler-Harms, Margarete A1 - Fegert, Jörg M. T1 - Gemeinsam getrennt erziehen. Gutachten des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Familienfragen beim Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.bmfsfj.de/bmfsfj/service/publikationen/gemeinsam-getrennt-erziehen-186696 CY - Berlin ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Alonso-Perez, Enrique A1 - McEvoy, Olan A1 - Ramos, Vincent A1 - O'Sullivan, Julie Lorraine A1 - Liebig, Stefan A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Lersch, Philipp A1 - Bazzani, Giacomo A1 - Guetto, Raffaele A1 - Vignoli, Daniele A1 - Heisig, Jan A1 - Solga, Heike A1 - Gellert, Paul T1 - Cognitive Pretest of a Factorial Survey Experiment on Future Narratives and Family Care BT - Background Paper for the SOEP-IS Module 2021/22 N2 - Within the Preparation Module for the Einstein Center for Population Diversity (ECPD), diverse research institutions came together to provide new survey instruments for the innovation sample in the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP-IS). With the goal of collecting insightful information about future narratives and family care, central topics of the ECPD research endeavor, factorial survey was chosen as a suitable method. A preliminary set of vignettes was designed conjointly, and before proceeding with the large-scale survey, a series of cognitive pretests were conducted to examine comprehensibility and context effects. In this study we describe the design and analysis of these cognitive pretests, with a special focus on the process of designing the final survey informed by the pretests’ feedback. Y1 - 2021 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-41744 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mejia, Cristina Samper A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - Marriage migration and women's entry into the German labour market JF - Journal of Family Research N2 - Objective: We analyse the employment patterns of childless first-generation migrants to Germany. In particular, we focus on the behaviour of female "marriage migrants". Marriage migrants are defined as individuals who married after their spouse had moved to Germany. Background: Demographic studies have illustrated that marriage migrants have particularly high childbirth rates upon arrival. There is, however, little empirical evidence on how the childbearing behaviour of migrant women is related to their employment behaviour. Method: We use event history techniques to study women's labour market entry after migration in relation to their childbearing behaviour. We draw on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). The analytical sample is restricted to immigrant women who moved while childless to Germany between 1990 and 2016 (n=981). Results: Compared to other groups, marriage migrants have very low chances of entering the labour market. Only 32 per cent of the migrants in our sample had ever participated in the labour market in the five-year period after their arrival in Germany. A large share of the differences between these migrants and other migrants can be attributed to the socio-demographic composition of these women, and to their tendency to transition to parenthood soon after their arrival. Conclusion: We argue that the low employment rates of female marriage migrants must also be viewed in the context of Germany’s migration policies, which do not provide many routes for female third-country nationals to move to Germany. One of the few available channels is that of marriage migration. We conclude by discussing the social policy implications of these findings at a time when Germany is gradually becoming a dual-earner society. KW - female employment KW - Germany KW - event history KW - migration KW - labor market Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-491 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 439 EP - 466 ER - TY - JFULL A1 - Zartler, Ulrike A1 - Suwada, Katarzyna A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - Family Lives during the COVID-19 Pandemic in European Societies T2 - Journal of Family Research Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-2022-34-1 IS - 1 ET - 43 ER - TY - JFULL A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Diehl, Claudia A1 - Kroh, Martin A1 - Giesecke, Johannes T1 - Employment and Family Behaviour after Migration T2 - Journal of Family Research Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-2021-33-2 VL - Special Issue IS - 33 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Walper, Sabine A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - The intensification of parenting in Germany: The role of socioeconomic background and family form JF - Social Sciences N2 - Drawing on the international discourse on the intensification of parenting and new data from Germany, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the unique challenges that parents face in the 21st century. We used data from the survey “Parenthood Today”, which was conducted in 2019 to examine parents’ views on parenting in Germany. The data comprised standardized interviews with 1652 mothers and fathers. We focused on three dimensions of parental pressures: namely, time pressure, financial pressure, and pressure that emanates from the educational system. Time pressure referred to the pressure currently felt, whereas financial pressure and pressure from the educational system referred to changes across time. In each of these domains, more than 60% of the parents experienced high (time) or increasing (education and financial) pressure. Binary logistic regressions showed that while parental education was a strong predictor of experiencing an increase in financial pressure, parental education did not matter for other realms of parenting. However, employment and family form were strongly related to parental time pressure. Full-time employed lone mothers, but also non-resident fathers, reported experiencing heavy pressure when trying to balance their roles as a worker and as a carer. Our results draw attention to the importance of better integrating the needs of post-separation families, including of non-resident fathers, in the debate on the “intensification of parenting”. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030134 VL - 11 (3) IS - 134 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Schmauk, Sarah A1 - Mika, Tatjana T1 - The gender pension gap in Germany: Is divorce a gender-equaliser? JF - Ageing & Society N2 - Germany is one of the few countries in Europe that has implemented a system of ‘divorce splitting’. Under this system, the pension credits that spouses have accumulated during their marriage are combined and then split equally between them upon divorce. This study examines how divorce affects public pension entitlements in Germany, and how these patterns are influenced by the system of divorce splitting. The data for our analysis comes from SHARE-RV, a direct linkage of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) with administrative data of the research data centre of the German Pension Insurance Fund (Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund). The data include information on the beneficiaries’ monthly earnings and employment biographies, as well as on their pension entitlements and the credits they received through divorce splitting. The results of the analysis, which was restricted to West German men and women born between 1935 and 1954, reveal that there are large gender gaps in public pension benefit levels. However, the investigation also shows that single and divorced West German women have larger personal pension entitlements than their married or widowed counterparts. Furthermore, the public pension entitlements of divorced men and women in West Germany are very similar. This can be attributed partially to the divorce-splitting system, which tends to increase the pension benefits of divorced women, while reducing the pension benefits of their male counterparts. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X21001513 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk ED - Hill, Paul B. ED - Kopp, Johannes T1 - Sozialstruktur und Familienformen T2 - Handbuch Familiensoziologie N2 - Der Beitrag beschreibt die Grundzüge des sozialstrukturellen Wandels der Lebensformen in Deutschland. Zunächst werden Konzepte und theoretische Ansätze zur Erklärung von Lebensformen und familialen Verhaltensweisen skizziert. Anschließend werden Strukturen und Wandel der Lebens- und Familienformen in Ost- und Westdeutschland nach 1990 auf der Grundlage des Mikrozensus und des deutschen Beziehungs- und Familienpanels (pairfam) empirisch untersucht. Dargestellt werden die altersspezifische Verteilung der Lebensformen, der Wandel der Familienformen von Frauen und Männern seit den 1990er Jahren sowie bildungsspezifische Entwicklungen. Weiterhin beleuchtet der Artikel an den Beispielen des Übergangs zur Mutterschaft und der nichtehelichen Lebensgemeinschaft die kohortenspezifi sche Lebenslaufdynamik von Familienformen. Schließlich wird mit Stieff amilien ein in der empirischen Forschung bislang wenig untersuchter Aspekt der Differenzierung der Familienformen aufgegriffen. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-658-02276-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02276-1_12 SP - 345 EP - 373 PB - Springer VS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - Getrennte Eltern, geteilte Betreuung JF - DJI Impulse Y1 - 2022 VL - 1/22 SP - 38 EP - 41 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Walper, Sabine A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Beblo, Miriam A1 - Hahlweg, Kurt A1 - Nebe, Katja A1 - Schuler-Harms, Margarete A1 - Fegert, Jörg M. A1 - für Familienfragen, Wissenschaftliche Beirat T1 - Gemeinsam getrennt erziehen. Gutachten des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Familienfragen beim Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend N2 - Gemeinsam getrennt erziehen“ ist das Thema des heute veröffentlichten Gutachtens des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Familienfragen beim BMFSFJ. Das Gutachten gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über Trennungsfamilien in Deutschland. Immer mehr Eltern wünschen sich vor, aber auch nach einer Trennung ihre Kinder gemeinsam zu betreuen. Deshalb legt das Gutachten den Fokus auf Familien, die eine geteilte (asymmetrische wie symmetrische) Betreuung leben. Internationale Vergleiche zeigen, wie geteilte Betreuung anderswo gelebt wird und wo es Reformbedarf gibt. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.bmfsfj.de/resource/blob/186694/14f09ddddab459a2e2cefaab6b45c630/gemeinsam-getrennt-erziehen-wissenschaftlicher-beirat-data.pdf ER -