TY - RPRT A1 - Naujoks, Tabea A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Dummert, Sandra T1 - The Coronavirus Crisis, Fathers’ Short-Time Work, and the Division of Child Care in Couples N2 - Objective. This paper examines how participation in the short-time work scheme affected the gendered division of child care during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany. Background. Short-time work (Kurzarbeit) has been one of the main policies used to combat the economic and labour market repercussions of the coronavirus pandemic in Germany. We examine whether and, if so, how the growing prevalence of short-time work has affected care patterns. Method. We use data from the IAB-HOPP, a longitudinal study monitored by the German Institute for Employment Research (IAB). The analytical sample includes couples with children aged 12 and younger (n=811). We employ multinomial logistic regressions in which the outcome variable is the change in the division of care work from a period before to a period during the coronavirus crisis (June to August 2020). Results: We find that among men, receiving short-time work benefits resulted in more gender-equal care patterns. However, we also find that participating in the short-time work programme had no strong or significant effects on the gendered division of care among women. Conclusion: The evidence from the coronavirus crisis suggests that changes in men’s work patterns have the potential to shift the gendered division of care in the household. KW - Gender division of care, fathers’ involvement, employment, Germany Y1 - 2021 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-38700 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Naujoks, Tabea A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Dummert, Sandra T1 - The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers' engagement? JF - Journal of Family Research N2 - Objective: This paper examines how participation in the short-time work scheme affected the gendered division of child care during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany. Background: Short-time work (Kurzarbeit) has been one of the main policies used to combat the economic and labour market repercussions of the coronavirus pandemic in Germany. We examine whether and, if so, how the growing prevalence of short-time work has affected care patterns. Method: We use data from the IAB-HOPP, a longitudinal study monitored by the German Institute for Employment Research (IAB). The analytical sample includes couples with children aged 12 and younger. We employ multinomial logistic regressions in which the outcome variable is the change in the division of care work from a period before to a period during the coronavirus crisis (June to October 2020). Results: We find that among men, receiving short-time work benefits resulted in more gender-equal care patterns. The positive effect of short-time work on the division of child care is moderated by the level of education. Fathers with low or medium education are more likely to increase their child care share when receiving short-time work benefits compared to fathers with high education. However, we also find that participating in the short-time work programme had no strong or significant effects on the gendered division of care among women. Conclusion: The evidence from this study suggests that men’s working time is a major vehicle to change the gendered division of care in couple households. KW - father's involvement, employment, Germany, gendered division of care Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-717 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Globisch, Claudia A1 - Müller, Dana A1 - Fuchs, Michaela A1 - Christoph, Bernhard A1 - Danneck, Viktoria A1 - Dummert, Sandra A1 - Volkert, Marieke A1 - Abendroth, Anja A1 - Anger, Silke A1 - Boll, Christina A1 - Carstensen, Tanja A1 - Fervers, Lukas A1 - Hipp, Lena A1 - Jacob, Marita A1 - Knize, Veronika A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Lott, Yvonne A1 - Naujoks, Tabea A1 - Sauermann, Armin A1 - Schüller, Simone A1 - Tobler, Lina T1 - Aufteilung der Sorge- und Erwerbsarbeit zwischen Frauen und Männern: In der Pandemie ändern sich Geschlechterrollen kaum T2 - IAB-Kurzbericht Y1 - 2022 IS - 05 ER - TY - THES A1 - Naujoks, Tabea T1 - The division of labor in couples with children: A dyadic analysis in the German context N2 - This cumulative dissertation examines how couples with children in Germany divide paid and unpaid work and identifies several factors related to a more egalitarian division of labor. In the first paper, I focus on the division of paid work in couples with children, comparing female same-sex and different-sex couples, which constitutes an empirical novelty. Discussing the applicability of division of labor theories to same-sex couples, I further exploit the historically shaped gender culture of East and West Germany. Based on the German Microcensus (2010-2019) and using pooled OLS regressions, I show that female same-sex couples divide paid work more equally than different-sex couples. Comparing East and West Germany, I find a similarly equal division of paid work among same-sex and different-sex couples in the East, while different-sex couples in the West specialize more. The analysis highlights the importance of the cultural context and normative explanations of the division of labor. The second paper turns to childcare, the intersection of the paid working life with the father’s contribution to childcare being a key concern of researchers and policymakers. The COVID-19 pandemic and the short-time work scheme provided a “natural experiment” for investigating this nexus. Based on IAB-HOPP data and multinomial logistic regressions, we show that fathers in short-time work take over more care responsibilities than fathers continuously employed with regular working 1 hours. The findings indicate that policies targeting men’s working hours can affect the gendered distribution of childcare within couples. The third paper focuses on the methodological problem of analyzing the division of unpaid work in couples often from one partner’s perspective only. Therefore, I examine the determinants of ‘perception gaps’ (defined as the mismatches between partners’ responses). Based on pairfam data, I analyze respondents’ reports on housework and childcare during the transition to first parenthood and show that a substantial perception gap exists, with 30% regarding housework and 25% concerning childcare. Results of the logistic regressions indicate that perception gaps are lowest among couples where the woman is employed or highly educated. These findings clearly underline the importance of a dyadic perspective on the division of labor in couples. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 09/2024 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-55381 N1 - Part of this dissertation has been published: Chapter 3 Journal article: Naujoks, T., Kreyenfeld, M., & Dummert, S. (2022). The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers’ engagement? Journal of Family Research, 34(1), 67-98. https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-717 Pre-print: Naujoks, T., Kreyenfeld, M., & Dummert, S. (2021). The Coronavirus Crisis, Fathers’ Short-Time Work, and the Division of Child Care in Couples. Working Paper. Hertie School. https://doi.org/10.48462/opus4-3870 N1 - shelf mark: 2024D009 + 2024D009+1 ER -