TY - RPRT A1 - Globisch, Claudia A1 - Müller, Dana A1 - Fuchs, Michaela A1 - Christoph, Bernhard A1 - Danneck, Viktoria A1 - Dummert, Sandra A1 - Volkert, Marieke A1 - Abendroth, Anja A1 - Anger, Silke A1 - Boll, Christina A1 - Carstensen, Tanja A1 - Fervers, Lukas A1 - Hipp, Lena A1 - Jacob, Marita A1 - Knize, Veronika A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Lott, Yvonne A1 - Naujoks, Tabea A1 - Sauermann, Armin A1 - Schüller, Simone A1 - Tobler, Lina T1 - Aufteilung der Sorge- und Erwerbsarbeit zwischen Frauen und Männern: In der Pandemie ändern sich Geschlechterrollen kaum T2 - IAB-Kurzbericht Y1 - 2022 IS - 05 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - di Lego, Vanessa Gabrielle A1 - Permanyer, Inaki A1 - Potancoková, Michaela A1 - Sanchez Romero, Miguel T1 - Introduction: Population inequality matters JF - Vienna Yearbook of Population Research N2 - This Special Issue features 22 contributions that examine the interplay between population diversity and social inequality, thereby addressing the causes and consequences of socio-economic status (SES) differences in demographic behaviour. Among these 22 contributions, six are invited Debate articles that discuss selected contemporary challenges linked to population inequalities, including their measurement and assessment. These articles cover topics such as digitalisation, skills gaps, household arrangements, widow-hood, mortality inequalities and subnational population dynamics. A striking example underscoring the need to consider demographic developments in conjunction with social inequality is the correlation between longevity and education, income and wealth. The observation that socio-economic status (SES) determines how long we live is not only rele-vant for understanding demographic patterns, but is also highly pertinent for policymakers aiming to reduce social inequalities. The link between demographic processes and social inequality is also evident in research on family behaviour, which, for example, explores the extent to which growing labour market inequalities shape disparities in fertility and family dynamics. Migration has an obvious connection to social inequality and social stratification research, particularly regarding the unequal opportunities in income and education migrants face within receiving societies, as well as in migrants’ demographic behaviour and its relation to SES. This Special Issue seeks to emphasise the importance of linking research on demographic diversity and social inequality. Demographic research contributes by providing hard numbers on population structure and societal change, and showing how these relate to social inequality. In doing so, this research informs policymakers about the areas where action is needed. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1553/p-5eef-bmjp VL - 2025 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Verlag ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Bastin, Sonja T1 - Blurred memory, deliberate misreporting, or “true tales”? How different survey methods affect respondents’ reports of partnership status at first birth N2 - This paper examines the reliability of biographical information gathered retrospectively. It draws on data from the German Family Panel (pairfam), which collected information on the partnership status at first birth using two different methods. The first method is based on data on partnership and fertility histories collected retrospectively. The second method uses data gathered through the use of a “landmark question” on the respondents’ partnership status when their first children were born. We find that in almost 20 percent of the cases, the information collected using the first method did not correspond with the information collected using the second method. Partnership dissolution and “turbulence” in the partnership biography are strong predictors for discrepancies in the information gathered through the two different survey methods. We conclude by drawing attention to the limitations of the retrospective collection of partnership histories at a time when divorce and separation rates are increasing. T2 - MPIDR Working Paper WP-2013-017 KW - Germany, family Y1 - 2013 UR - https://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2013-017.pdf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Martin, Valerie T1 - Economic conditions of stepfamilies from a cross-national perspective JF - Zeitschrift für Familienforschung (ZfF) N2 - This paper investigates the economic conditions of stepfamilies in Germany, the Russian Federation and France using data from the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS). The analysis shows that stepfamilies more often report economic hardship than nuclear families in France and western Germany. Socio-demographic differences between family types — particularly the fact that stepfamilies tend to be larger families — explain the differences in economic well-being between families in France. For western Germany, differences between nuclear and stepfamilies remain after controlling for socio-economic composition of different family types. For the Russian Federation and eastern Germany, we do not find any statistically significant differences in economic well-being between stepfamilies and nuclear families. The major dividing line for these regions runs between single parents and other types of families. KW - Stepfamilies KW - Family changes KW - Western Germany KW - Eastern Germany KW - Russian Federation KW - France Y1 - 2011 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9624 UR - http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2011-010.pdf SN - 0935-4018 N1 - Available as Working Paper from the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research: http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2011-010.pdf VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 128 EP - 153 PB - Budrich CY - Leverkusen [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Geisler, Esther T1 - Against all odds: Fathers’ use of parental leave in Germany JF - Journal of European Social Policy N2 - This paper investigates fathers’ usage of parental leave in Germany based on data from the microcensuses of 1999—2005. Special attention is given to the role that education has in leave-taking behaviour. Our empirical results show that educational differences between the partners are strong predictors of fathers’ usage of parental leave. A father is more likely to take parental leave if he has a partner who is more highly educated or older. We also find that employment through a temporary working contract substantially lowers the chances that a man will take advantage of parental leave, while being employed in the public sector increases the likelihood that a man will use his parental leave entitlement. KW - Parental leave KW - Employment KW - Household labour KW - Fatherhood KW - Germany Y1 - 2011 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9631 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928710385732 SN - 0958-9287 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 88 EP - 99 PB - Sage Publications CY - New York, NY [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Scholz, Rembrandt A1 - Peters, Frederik A1 - Wlosnewski, Ines T1 - Order specific fertility rates for Germany: Estimates from Perinatal Statistics for the period 2001-2008 JF - Comparative population studies (CPOS) N2 - Until 2008, Germany’s vital statistics did not include information on the biological order of each birth. This resulted in a dearth of important demographic indicators, such as the mean age at fi rst birth and the level of childlessness. Researchers have tried to fill this gap by generating order-specifi c birth rates from survey data, and by combining survey data with vital statistics. This paper takes a different approach by using Perinatal Statistics to generate birth order-specific fertility rates for the period 2001 to 2008. Perinatal Statistics includes information on births that took place in German hospitals. Out-of-hospital births, which account for about 2 % of all births, are not included in the Perinatal Statistics. In a sensitivity analysis, we show how robust our estimates are to the inclusion of out-of-hospital births. Our general assessment is that the Perinatal Statistics is a valuable source for generating order-specific fertility rates, regardless of whether out-of-hospital births are included. KW - Birth order KW - Fertility KW - Germany KW - Eastern and Western Germany KW - Perinatal Statistics Y1 - 2010 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9642 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4232/10.CPoS-2010-06en SN - 1869-8980 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 207 EP - 224 PB - Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Perelli-Harris, Brienna A1 - Sigle-Rushton, Wendy A1 - Lappegard, Trude A1 - Berghammer, Caroline A1 - Keizer, Renske T1 - The educational gradient of nonmarital childbearing in Europe JF - Population and Development Review N2 - Nearly every European Country has experienced some increase in nonmarital childbearing, largely due to increasing births within cohabitation. Relatively few studies in Europe, however, investigate the educational gradient of childbearing within cohabitation or how it changed over time. Using retrospective union and fertility histories, we employ competing risk hazard models to examine the educational gradient of childbearing in cohabitation in eight countries across europe. In all countries studied, birth risks within cohabitation demonstrated a negative educational gradient. When directly comparing cohabiting fertility with marital fertility, the negative educational gradient persists in all countries except Italy, although differences were not significant in Austria, France, and West Germany. To explain these findings, we present an alternative explanation for the increase in childbearing within cohabitation that goes beyond the explanation of the Second Demographic Transition and provides a new interpretation of the underlying mechanisms that may influence childbearing within cohabitation. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2010-004.pdf SN - 0098-7921 N1 - Available as Working Paper from the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research: http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2010-004.pdf VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 775 EP - 801 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken (NJ) [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - Uncertainties in female employment careers and the postponement of parenthood in Germany JF - European Sociological Review N2 - This paper investigates whether uncertainties in female employment careers result in a postponement of family formation. Data for this analysis comes from the German Socio-Economic Panel, which provides longitudinal information on economic uncertainty and fertility for the period 1984 to 2006. We employ objective measures of uncertainty (unemployment) as well as subjective measures (whether the respondent is worried about her economic situation, whether she is worried about the security of her job). We find little evidence that uncertainties in female employment careers generally lead to a postponement of parenthood. Hence, the relationship between economic uncertainty and first birth varies by level of education. While more highly educated postpone parenthood when subject to employment uncertainties, women with low levels of education often respond to these situations by becoming mothers. KW - Germany KW - Fertility Y1 - 2010 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9661 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcp026 SN - 0266-7215 N1 - This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in European Sociological Review. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI:10.1093/esr/jcp026 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 351 EP - 366 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk T1 - The growing educational divide in mother's employment: An investigation based on the German micro-censuses 1976-2004 JF - Work, Employment and Society N2 - This article investigates whether the increase in the labour force participation of mothers in western Germany has been accompanied by growing social inequalities in maternal employment. The focus is on education-related differences in full-time, part-time and marginal employment, and, in particular, changes therein over time. It is assumed that worsening labour market opportunities for the less educated and a ‘familialistic’ social policy context have resulted in growing differentials in mothers’ employment by education. Data from the scientific use files of the German micro-censuses for the years 1976 to 2004 show that the part-time and marginal employment rates of mothers have increased, while full-time employment rates have declined. Reductions in full-time employment are most pronounced among less educated mothers, resulting in growing educational differences in the employment of mothers. KW - Education KW - Female labour force participation KW - Male breadwinner model KW - Microcensus KW - Western Germany Y1 - 2010 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-9678 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017010362140 SN - 0950-0170 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 260 EP - 278 PB - Sage CY - Los Angeles [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Schmidtke, Kerstin A1 - Zühlke, Sylvia T1 - Eignet sich das Mikrozensus-Panel für familiensoziologische Fragestellungen?: Untersuchung am Beispiel der Frage nach den ökonomischen Determinanten der Familiengründung JF - Zeitschrift für Familienforschung N2 - Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, das Analysepotential des Mikrozensus-Panels für familiensoziologische Fragestellungen darzustellen. Dazu wird zum einen aufgezeigt, wie die Daten in Episodenformat aufgearbeitet werden können, um ereignisanalytische Modelle des Geburtenverhaltens zu schätzen. Des Weiteren wird ein Modell zu den ökonomischen Determinanten des Übergangs zur Erstelternschaft vorgestellt. In einer Sensitivitätsanalyse wird geprüft, inwiefern der Ausfall der räumlich mobilen Personen die Ergebnisse verzerrt. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer kritischen Reflektion über die Grenzen und Möglichkeiten des Mikrozensus-Panels für Fertilitätsanalysen. KW - Fertilität KW - Familie KW - Mikrozensus KW - Erwerbstätigkeit KW - Datenqualität Y1 - 2009 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-335350 SN - 1437-2940 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 264 EP - 285 PB - Budrich CY - Leverkusen ER -