TY - JOUR A1 - Chierchia, Gabriele A1 - Przyrembel, Marisa A1 - Lesemann, Franca Parianen A1 - Bosworth, Steven A1 - Snower, Dennis A1 - Singer, Tania T1 - Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives JF - Frontiers in Psychology N2 - Research from psychology, neurobiology and behavioral economics indicates that a binary view of motivation, based on approach and avoidance, may be too reductive. Instead, a literature review suggests that at least seven distinct motives are likely to affect human decisions: “consumption/resource seeking,” “care,” “affiliation,” “achievement,” “status-power,” “threat approach” (or anger), and “threat avoidance” (or fear). To explore the conceptual distinctness and relatedness of these motives, we conducted a semantic categorization task. Here, participants were to assign provided words to one of the motives. By applying principal component analysis to the categorization assignments we represent the semantic inter-relations of these motives on a two-dimensional space, a “semantic atlas.” This atlas suggests that, while care and affiliation are conceptually close, affiliation is closer to threat avoidance (or fear); opposite to these motives we find achievement, consumption and power, with the latter lying closer to threat approach (or anger). In a second study, we asked participants to rate how well the motive-specific words obtained in the first study described their currently experienced feelings. We find that semantically close motives are also more likely to be experienced together, that is, we replicate most of the semantic relations in the “subjective atlas.” We discuss our findings in comparison to other multi-dimensional models of motivation, which show clear similarities. In addition to these motivational atlases, we provide a database of motive-specific words, together with the valence and arousal scores. These can be used for future research on the influence of motives on decision making. KW - - KW - affiliation KW - care KW - motives KW - motivation psychology KW - semantic categorization KW - economic decision making Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568064 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 11 PB - Frontiers Media S.A. ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bartke, Simon A1 - Bosworth, Steven J. A1 - Snower, Dennis A1 - Chierchia, Gabriele T1 - The Influence of Induced Care and Anger Motives on Behavior, Beliefs and Perceptions in a Public Goods Game N2 - This study analyzes the stability of preferences through the lens of psychological motives. We report the results of a public goods experiment in which subjects were induced with the motives of Care and Anger through autobiographical recall. Subjects’ preferences, beliefs, and perceptions under each motive are compared with those of subjects experiencing a neutral autobiographical recall condition. We find that Care elicits significantly higher contributions than Anger, with Control treatment contributions in between. This is primarily driven by changes in conditional contribution schedules (measuring preferences) across treatments, though higher beliefs explain part of the effect that Care has on giving. These results are robust to checking for comprehension of the game’s incentives. We also observe concomitant differences in attention to own and other’s payoffs (using mouse tracking) as well as perceptions of the game’s incentive structure (harmony) – particularly for subjects motivated by Anger. We interpret our findings as suggesting that people have access to multiple preferences that depend on how they perceive the decision context. KW - Public goods, motivation, stability of preferences, anger, care, framing Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.ifw-kiel.de/fileadmin/Dateiverwaltung/IfW-Publications/Simon_Bartke/the-influence-of-induced-care-and-anger-motives-on-behavior-beliefs-and-perseptions-in-a-public-goods-game/kwp-2054.pdf ER -