TY - JOUR A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Wolf, Miriam A1 - Seelos, Christian T1 - Scaffolding: A Process of Transforming Patterns of Inequality in Small-Scale Societies JF - Academy of Management Journal N2 - This study advances research on organizational efforts to tackle multidimensional, complex, and interlinked societal challenges. We examine how social inequality manifests in small-scale societies, and illustrate how it inheres in entrenched patterns of behavior and interaction. Asking how development programs can be organizing tools to transform these patterns of inequality, we use a program sponsored by an Indian non-governmental organization as our empirical window and leverage data that we collected over a decade. We identify “scaffolding” as a process that enables and organizes the transformation of behavior and interaction patterns. Three interrelated mechanisms make the transformation processes adaptive and emerging alternative social orders robust: (1) mobilizing institutional, social organizational, and economic resources; (2) stabilizing new patterns of interaction that reflect an alternative social order; and (3) concealing goals that are neither anticipated nor desired by some groups. Through this analysis, we move beyond conventional thinking on unintended consequences proposed in classic studies on organizations, complement contemporary research about how organizations effect positive social change by pursuing multiple goals, and develop portable insights for organizational efforts in tackling inequality. This study provides a first link between the study of organizational efforts to alleviate social problems and the transformation of social systems. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.0725 SN - 0001-4273 VL - 59 IS - 6 SP - 2021 EP - 2044 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Römmele, Andrea A1 - Schneidermesser, Dirk T1 - Election Campaigning Enters a Fourth Phase: The Mediatized Campaign JF - Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft N2 - Thus far, the literature on election campaigns has identified three phases of campaigning: the pre-modern, the modern, and the professionalized phase. With this paper, we suggest that election campaigning has entered a fourth phase, characterized by new applications of communication technologies, quantitative data, immediate communications, a reinvented citizen-politics relationship offering more emotional access and lower barriers for active roles for citizens in campaigns. We root the change in the citizen-media nexus, with changes in media use and production being a major driver of this development. The classification of the ‘Mediatized Campaign’ emphasizes the role of media use and the connected changes in political and social institutions. We suggest that this classification can add coherence to future research on campaigning. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41358-017-0071-6 SN - 1430-6387 (Print) 2366-2638 (Online) VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 425 EP - 442 ER - TY - THES A1 - Phillips Williams, Zoe T1 - Risky Business or Risky Politics: What Explains Investor-State Disputes? N2 - Although not a clear cut question of treaty compliance, this project takes as its theoretical point of departure two potentially opposing explanations for state compliance with international agreements, and asks whether investor-state disputes are better explained by shifting state preferences toward FDI (or a particular investment), or the lack of state capacity to maintain an investment-friendly environment. The project is structured around three sub-research questions: 1) which domestic institutions are taking the measures that are subsequently challenged by investors? What is the content of these measures? Against investors in which industries are these measures being taken? 2) Under what economic and political conditions are investor-state arbitration cases most likely to occur?3) Are these changes in policy toward investment the outcome of a shift in preferences on the part of state actors toward investment, or are they instead the result of a lack of institutional capacity to respect IIAs? This project adopts a mixed-methods approach to the research question, with empirical chapters based on the qualitative coding of an original dataset of investor-state disputes; a regression analysis, and three case studies of specific disputes in Canada, El Salvador, and Hungary. Therefore, this project paints a general picture of investor-state disputes not as the result of a failure of bureaucratic capacity, but as incidences in which (private) transnational actor preferences truly conflict with those of domestic actors, and in which the state chooses its obligation to the latter rather than the former. If we accept that investor-state arbitration has the potential to impose significant costs on states, it is important when either justifying or criticising the regime to have an understanding of for which policy measures, and at whose behest, states are incurring these costs. These findings in turn have relevance for those who wish to improve investor-state relations and avoid investor-state disputes, as well as attempts to reform the investment arbitration system. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 02/2016 Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-23690 N1 - Shelf mark: 2018D004 + 2018D004+1 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Joerges, Christian T1 - Brexit and Academic Citizenship N2 - This working paper collects a series of personal reflections on the outcome of the Brexit referendum. The essays do not engage with the legal and constitutional issues that arise from this event – these aspects have received comment elsewhere. Rather, the editor has solicited personal reflections from a group whose scholarly journey included the European University Institute, a hub for transforming, and integrating Europe. Aware of this privileged positions, the authors shed light on how the result of the referendum and its aftermath may impact the UK and the European Union. KW - Citizenship KW - Discrimination KW - Identity KW - Technocracy KW - Voting Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2871428 PB - EUI Department of Law CY - Florenz ET - 2016/20 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Joerges, Christian T1 - Europe unwell, yet alive Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.hertie-school.org/en/news/detail/content/europe-unwell-yet-alive/ N1 - Blog entry ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Joerges, Christian T1 - Pereat iustitia et fiat mundus? Die Krise des Rechts in der Krise Europas JF - Merkur. Deutsche Zeitschrift für europäisches Denken Y1 - 2016 SN - 0026-0096 VL - 70 IS - 803 SP - 17 EP - 31 PB - Klett-Cotta CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Joerges, Christian A1 - Bohnenberger, Fabian T1 - From Trade Liberalisation to Transnational Governance and TTIP: How Dani Rodrik, Karl Polanyi and the Varieties of Capitalism Studies May Help us to Understand The Present State of Globalization JF - Think! Paper N2 - This paper discusses the fundamental tensions between economic globalization and democratic politics in the field of international trade governance. The move towards mega-regional trade agreements, as heralded by the controversies over the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and the Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA), has greatly accentuated grievances and is therefore of exemplary importance in the realms of transnational governance. Based on the theoretical frameworks of Karl Polanyi and Dani Rodrik, we examine the decoupling of these agreements from national and democratic control and the resulting legitimacy impasses of transnational governance. Arguing that politics is not a mistake that gets in the way of markets, we submit our own conceptualization of transnational legitimacy. In doing so we suggest a new type of conflicts law which does not seek to overcome socio-economic and political diversity by some substantive transnational regime but responds to diversity with procedural safeguards, thus ensuring space for cooperative problem-solving and the search for fair compromises. KW - Dani Rodrik KW - Karl Polanyi KW - Mega-regional trade agreements KW - Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership KW - Conflicts law KW - Globalization KW - Democracy KW - Democratic legitimacy KW - International trade Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2862966 VL - 44/2016 PB - Transnational Law Institute, King's College CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Joerges, Christian ED - Kjaer, Poul F. ED - Olsen, Niklas T1 - What is left of the European Economic Constitution II? From Pyrrhic Victory to Cannae Defeat T2 - Critical Theories of Crisis in Europe: From Weimar to the Euro (the Work) Y1 - 2016 SN - 9781783487462 SP - 143 EP - 160 PB - Rowman and Littlefield CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Joerges, Christian ED - Ruffert, Matthias T1 - Private Law in Europe’s Political Economy after the Financial Crisis T2 - European Economy and People’s Mobility Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-16-154765-2 SP - 101 EP - 125 PB - Mohr Siebeck CY - Tübingen ER - TY - EDBOOK A1 - Joerges, Christian A1 - Chalmers, Damian A1 - Jachtenfuchs, Markus T1 - The End of the Eurocrats’ Dream: Adjusting to European Diversity KW - Financial Crises KW - European Union countries KW - 21st century Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-107-10718-2 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Seelos, Christian T1 - When Innovation Goes Wrong JF - Stanford Social Innovation Review N2 - Efforts by social enterprises to develop novel interventions receive a great deal of attention. Yet these organizations often stumble when it comes to turning innovation into impact. As a result, they fail to achieve their full potential. Here’s a guide to diagnosing and preventing several “pathologies” that underlie this failure. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://ssir.org/articles/entry/when_innovation_goes_wrong SN - 1542-7099 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 27 EP - 33 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Huysentruyt, Marieke A1 - Stephan, Ute T1 - Market-Oriented and Mission-Focused: Social Enterprises around the Globe JF - Stanford Social Innovation Review N2 - Social enterprises contribute significantly to the economy, and simultaneously are fiercely social mission-driven. KW - Global Issues KW - Investment KW - Social Entrepreneurship Y1 - 2016 UR - https://ssir.org/articles/entry/market_oriented_and_mission_focused_social_enterprises_around_the_globe ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kurban, Dilek T1 - Europa verrät im Umgang mit Erdoğan seine Werte JF - Zeit Online N2 - Die EU darf nicht länger zum Krieg der Türkei gegen die Kurden im eigenen Land schweigen. Und auch nicht zur Umwandlung des Landes in einen autokratischen Staat. KW - Kurden KW - Türkei Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21174 UR - http://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2016-05/tuerkei-recep-tayyip-erdogan-europa-umgang ER - TY - EDBOOK A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Traxler, Christian A1 - Karch, Heribert ED - Hurrelmann, Klaus ED - Traxler, Christian ED - Karch, Heribert T1 - Jugend, Vorsorge, Finanzen: Zwischen Eigenverantwortung und Regulierung – Lösungsansätze in Deutschland und Europa N2 - Die Studie gibt Aufschluss darüber, wie Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene über das Geld von heute und die Rente von morgen denken. Sie macht eindringlich klar: Die nachhaltige Alterssicherung ist in Gefahr – und zwar nicht nur in Deutschland. Wer heute in das Berufsleben eintritt, soll sich vom ersten Tag an um seine Alterssicherung kümmern. Wer das nicht tut, ist später von Altersarmut bedroht. Wohl noch nie stand eine junge Generation so stark im Spannungsfeld von eigener Verantwortung und staatlicher Regulierung. Die Studie gibt Aufschluss darüber, welche Einstellungen Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene zu Vorsorge und Finanzthemen haben. Ergänzt wird sie durch Beiträge europäischer Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler. Sie analysieren die Lösungsansätze in verschiedenen Ländern und machen eindringlich klar: Nicht nur in Deutschland ist die nachhaltige Alterssicherung in Gefahr. KW - Soziologie KW - Rente KW - Jugend Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-7799-3369-4 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - EDBOOK A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Gürlevik, Aydin A1 - Palentien, Christian ED - Gürlevik, Aydin ED - Palentien, Christian ED - Hurrelmann, Klaus T1 - Jugend und Politik BT - Politische Bildung und Beteiligung von Jugendlichen N2 - Selten wird ein Thema seit Ende der 1990er Jahre so intensiv diskutiert wie die politische Bildung und Beteiligung von Jugendlichen. Seither wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Möglichkeiten der politischen Partizipation Jugendlichen eingeräumt werden sollen. Die ‚Bilanzierung‘ und ‚Perspektiven‘ der politischen Bildung und Beteiligung Jugendlicher bilden den Schwerpunkt des Bandes, um sowohl das Verhältnis Jugendlicher zur Politik heute neu zu bestimmen als auch einen systematischen Vergleich vorzunehmen und damit weitere Impulse für die Entwicklung der künftigen Jugendpolitik zu gewinnen. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-658-09145-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09145-3 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dawson, Mark ED - Patterson, Dennis ED - Södersten, Anna T1 - New Modes of Governance T2 - A Companion to European Union Law and International Law N2 - This chapter approaches new modes of governance (NMG) with the task of clarity in mind. Its essential function will be first to map the dominant conceptions of NMG that frame existing institutional and academic discourse. Second function is to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of NMG as an alternative means of delivering European Union (EU) law and policy, and finally to consider the future prospects of NMG in a political context that both challenges and reinforces their institutional relevance. The chapter also explores that the greatest obstacle to the inside view is the resolute failure of many NMG processes to display the features of bottom-up and experimental rule which theorists like Charles Sabel and Jonathan Zeitlin attribute to them. Experimentalism's attractive normative conceptualization of NMG may be of limited use given its failure to describe adequately how new governance processes operate. KW - Academic discourse KW - Charles Sabel KW - European Union law KW - Institutional development KW - Jonathan Zeitlin KW - New modes of governance Y1 - 2016 SN - 9780470674390 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119037712.ch9 SP - 119 EP - 135 PB - John Wiley & Sons CY - Chichester ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Karch, Heribert A1 - Traxler, Christian ED - Hurrelmann, Klaus ED - Karch, Heribert ED - Traxler, Christian T1 - Die Generation Y und die Altersvorsorge. Ein Überblick über den Stand der Forschung T2 - Jugend, Vorsorge, Finanzen! Zwischen Eigenverantwortung und Regulierung – Lösungsansätze in Deutschland und Europa N2 - Die Studie gibt Aufschluss darüber, wie Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene über das Geld von heute und die Rente von morgen denken. Sie macht eindringlich klar: Die nachhaltige Alterssicherung ist in Gefahr – und zwar nicht nur in Deutschland. Wer heute in das Berufsleben eintritt, soll sich vom ersten Tag an um seine Alterssicherung kümmern. Wer das nicht tut, ist später von Altersarmut bedroht. Wohl noch nie stand eine junge Generation so stark im Spannungsfeld von eigener Verantwortung und staatlicher Regulierung. Die Studie gibt Aufschluss darüber, welche Einstellungen Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene zu Vorsorge und Finanzthemen haben. Ergänzt wird sie durch Beiträge europäischer Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler. Sie analysieren die Lösungsansätze in verschiedenen Ländern und machen eindringlich klar: Nicht nur in Deutschland ist die nachhaltige Alterssicherung in Gefahr. KW - Soziologie KW - Rente KW - Jugend Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-7799-3369-4 SP - 14 EP - 28 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - THES A1 - Westermaier, Franz T1 - Essays in microeconomics with applications in education, health and crime N2 - (...) Simple changes in an institutional framework can have huge impacts for the human society which makes it important to analyze them and define their consequences to create a surplus for the society. In the following dissertation, I present applications how policy regulations and external events generate behavioral responses with a focus on indirect effects, e.g. from health on education and education on crime. All chapters, while not exclusively, follow an empirical approach and show effects in important fields of human society. Beyond the research methods from microeconomics, this dissertation tackles the field of health, early childhood development, secondary education, adolescent drug-abuse and law enforcement. Several identification strategies are used to cope with endogeneity and deliver causal effects between the fields of education, health and crime.(...) T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 01/2016 Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-22864 N1 - Shelf mark: 2016D001 + 2016D001+1 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kurban, Dilek T1 - Country report : Non-Discrimination Turkey N2 - The report, drafted for European Equality Law Network (the European network of legal experts in gender equality and non-discrimination), is part of a study into measures to combat discrimination in the EU Member States and candidate countries, funded by the European Commission Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers. The report provides an overview of Turkey's implementation of the EU anti-discrimination Directives up to 31 December 2015 and follows up on earlier reports drafted by the author for the same project. KW - Anti-discrimination in Turkey Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21284 ER - TY - THES A1 - Meijers, Maurits J. T1 - Contagious Euroscepticism. The Impact of Eurosceptic Challenger Parties on Mainstream Party Attitudes toward European Integration N2 - This project argues that Eurosceptic challenger parties can affect mainstream parties’ attitudes toward European integration in Western Europe. Defined as anti-European parties without governing experience, Eurosceptic challengers have become a pervasive electoral phenomenon. On the backdrop of both spatial theory and issue saliency theory of party competition, this project argues that Eurosceptic challenger parties can influence mainstream parties’ positions on as well as emphasis of the European integration issue. After comparative overview of party-based Euroscepticism, a historical and descriptive quantitative analysis of mainstream EU positions and EU issue salience demonstrates that mainstream party attitudes vary significantly over time – an important precondition for Eurosceptic challengers’ programmatic influence.(...) T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 03/2016 Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48462/opus4-2289 N1 - Shelf mark: 2016D002 + 2016D002+1 ER - TY - THES A1 - von Schiller, Armin T1 - The importance of consent : the politics of progressive taxation in developing countries N2 - Developing countries are far more successful in increasing tax pressure on the poor than on the wealthy. To explain this difference, I argue that taxing the wealthy is more prominently a problem of credibility than of coercion. The poor can be forced to pay taxes. Given weak administrative capacities and de facto political power distributions, governments in many developing countries cannot force the wealthy to the same degree. In this line, I examine the conditions under which wealthy taxpayers consent to taxation in developing countries from different methodological angles. The second chapter analyses the Peruvian and the Colombian tax history between 1970 and 2010 using a comparative case study framework. The analysis provides evidence suggesting that stable party systems and strong business organizations increase the capacity of collective action between political actors and wealthy taxpayers. Thereby these factors also enable the definition of fiscal contracts involving higher tax contributions by the latter group. The third chapter examines the effect of institutional trust on the support for progressive taxation using public opinion data from the Latin American Opinion Project (LAPOP). The results show that trust in political institutions strongly mitigates the opposition of wealthy taxpayers to progressive taxation. The fourth chapter four uses panel data for over 90 countries to explore the relationship between party system institutionalisation and reliance on the personal income tax. The analysis indicates that administrative capacity mitigates the effect of party system institutionalization: where the level of administrative capacity is low, party system institutionalisation has a positive and highly significant effect. At high levels of administrative capacity this effect disappears. Overall, the findings support the notion that especially in developing countries taxing the wealthy is best understood as a political challenge. The good news is that contrary to what is commonly assumed, wealthy taxpayers are not a priori opposed to higher taxes on them. There is scope for wealthy taxpayers to support taxation but this demands reliable political and institutional systems that are able to credibly commit to not misusing the tax contributions. The analysis has major implications for development cooperation active in this field as it demands that the approaches employed balance better the technical and the political dimensions of taxation. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 05/2016 KW - Steuerprogression KW - Neue politische Ökonomie KW - Entwicklungsländer Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48462/opus4-2291 N1 - Shelf mark: 2017D003 + 2017D003+1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Tiefensee, Anita T1 - Wealth and Inheritances in Europe N2 - The knowledge of the distribution of assets and liabilities as well as the key determinants of the distributions of private wealth represent an important basis for decision-making for social and political action like levying taxes. In the three papers, which make up this dissertation, I contribute to these aspects for several European countries. In the first paper (with M.M. Grabka) the data quality of the Household Finance and Consump-tion Survey (HFCS) is investigated. The survey provides information and enables comparison of assets and liabilities held by households in the Euro area. We investigate potential methodo-logical constraints regarding cross-country comparability and evaluate their impact on the surveyed net wealth (assets minus liabilities). In addition, we investigate item non-response patterns, a serious issue in wealth surveys. We find that the surveyed net wealth in Finland, the Netherlands, Italy and Slovakia is most likely not comparable with the other countries.(...) T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 02/2017 KW - Europäische Union KW - Mitgliedsstaaten KW - Privatvermögen KW - Vermögensverteilung KW - Erbschaft KW - Vermögen KW - Generationengerechtigkeit KW - Einkommensverteilung KW - Erbe KW - Erbschaftsteuer KW - EU-Staaten Y1 - 2016 N1 - Shelf mark: 2017D006 + 2017D006+1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Çalı, Başak ED - Arnardóttir, Oddný Mjöll ED - Buyse, Antoine T1 - From Flexible to Variable Standards of Judicial Review: The Responsible Domestic Courts Doctrine at the European Court of Human Rights T2 - Shifting Centres of Gravity in Human Rights Protection: Rethinking relations between the ECHR, EU and national legal orders Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315651125 N1 - ISBN 9781138121249 SP - 144 EP - 161 PB - Routledge CY - Basingstoke ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar A1 - Kornek, Ulrike ED - Müller, Michael ED - Sommer, Jörg T1 - Koordinierte CO2-Preise : Ein Vorschlag zur Weiterentwicklung des Pariser Abkommens T2 - Unter 2 Grad? Was der Weltklimavertrag wirklich bringt N2 - Im Dezember 2015 wurde in Paris Geschichte geschrieben: Die Weltklimakonferenz einigte sich auf das erste Klimaschutzabkommen, das alle Länder in die Pflicht nimmt. Damit bekennt sich die Weltgemeinschaft völkerrechtlich verbindlich zum Ziel, die Erderwärmung auf unter zwei Grad zu begrenzen. Doch was ist dieses Paris-Abkommen wert? Wo liegen seine Stärken, welche Herausforderungen kommen auf die Weltgemeinschaft zu? Welche Risiken birgt es? Was muss jetzt politisch folgen? Expertinnen und Experten aus Wissenschaft, Politik, Medien und NGOs analysieren in diesem Buch Hintergründe, Inhalte und Konsequenzen des neuen Weltklimavertrages. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-7776-2570-6 SP - 69 EP - 78 PB - Hirzel CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Çalı, Başak ED - Langfort, Malcolm ED - Porter, Bruce ED - Brown, Rebecca ED - Rossi, Julieta T1 - Enforcement T2 - Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: A Commentary Y1 - 2016 N1 - ISBN 9781920538507 SP - 391 EP - 415 PB - Pretoria University Law Press CY - Pretoria ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Gürlevik, Aydin A1 - Palentien, Christian ED - Hurrelmann, Klaus ED - Palentien, Christian ED - Gürlevik, Aydin T1 - Jugend und Politik BT - Politische Bildung und Beteiligung von Jugendlichen N2 - Selten wird ein Thema seit Ende der 1990er Jahre so intensiv diskutiert wie die politische Bildung und Beteiligung von Jugendlichen. Seither wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Möglichkeiten der politischen Partizipation Jugendlichen eingeräumt werden sollen. Die ‚Bilanzierung‘ und ‚Perspektiven‘ der politischen Bildung und Beteiligung Jugendlicher bilden den Schwerpunkt des Bandes, um sowohl das Verhältnis Jugendlicher zur Politik heute neu zu bestimmen als auch einen systematischen Vergleich vorzunehmen und damit weitere Impulse für die Entwicklung der künftigen Jugendpolitik zu gewinnen. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-658-09145-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09145-3 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Pisani-Ferry, Jean A1 - Mahfouz, Selma T1 - À qui la faute? BT - Comment éviter les erreurs économiques N2 - Le 15 septembre 2008, les dirigeants américains laissent la banque d'affaires Lehman Brothers faire faillite et déclenchent une panique financière. Pourquoi cette méprise ? Début 2011, la zone euro fait le choix de l'austérité budgétaire. La fragile reprise européenne est cassée net. Pourquoi cet égarement ? Depuis plus de trente ans, la France ne parvient pas à réduire son chômage alors que bien d'autres l'ont fait. Pourquoi cette impuissance ? Économiquement et socialement, ces erreurs ont été extrêmement coûteuses. Elles sont pour beaucoup dans le discrédit dont souffrent aujourd'hui les gouvernants. En politique économique, il y a bien des manières de faire fausse route. À qui la faute ? démonte les mécanismes de l'erreur. Il montre comment des dirigeants bien intentionnés peuvent prendre des décisions catastrophiques. Il met au jour les logiques qui les conduisent à la défaillance ou à l'échec. Et il formule des propositions pour des décisions mieux conçues et mieux exécutées. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-2213701691 PB - Fayard CY - Paris ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Pisani-Ferry, Jean A1 - Lenglart, Fabrice A1 - Brun-Schammé, Amandine A1 - Desplatz, Rozenn A1 - Naboulet, Antoine ED - France Stratégie, T1 - Rapport 2016 du comité de suivi du Crédit d'impôt pour la compétitivité et l'emploi Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.strategie.gouv.fr/sites/strategie.gouv.fr/files/atoms/files/rapport_cice2016_28095016_ok.pdf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Pförtner, Timo-Kolja A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Osorio, Ana M. A1 - Bosakova, Lucia A1 - Elgar, Frank J. A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - The great recession, youth unemployment and inequalities in psychological health complaints in adolescents: a multilevel study in 31 countries JF - International Journal of Public Health N2 - Objectives Little is known about the impact of recessions on young people’s socioeconomic inequalities in health. This study investigates the impact of the economic recession in terms of youth unemployment on socioeconomic inequalities in psychological health complaints among adolescents across Europe and North America. Methods Data from the WHO collaborative ‘Health Behaviour in School-aged Children’ (HBSC) study were collected in 2005/06 (N = 160,830) and 2009/10 (N = 166,590) in 31 European and North American countries. Logistic multilevel models were used to assess the contribution of youth unemployment in 2009/10 (enduring recession) and the change in youth unemployment (2005–2010) to adolescent psychological health complaints and socioeconomic inequalities in complaints in 2009/10. Results Youth unemployment during the recession is positively related to psychological health complaints, but not to inequalities in complaints. Changes in youth unemployment (2005–2010) were not associated with adolescents’ psychological health complaints, whereas greater inequalities in complaints were found in countries with greater increases in youth unemployment. Conclusions This study highlights the need to tackle the impact of increasing unemployment on adolescent health and health inequalities during economic recessions. KW - Subjective health KW - Health inequalities KW - Recession KW - Youth unemployment KW - Adolescence KW - Multilevel analysis Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-016-0866-0 SN - 1661-8556 VL - 61 IS - 7 SP - 809 EP - 819 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Matthias, Albert A1 - Quenzel, Gudrun A1 - Schneekloth, Ullrich T1 - Die 17. Shell Jugendstudie – Eine pragmatische Generation im Aufbruch JF - Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v11i2.23658 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 241 EP - 246 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Minx, Jan C. A1 - Creutzig, Felix A1 - Agoston, Peter A1 - al., et. T1 - Urban infrastructure choices structure climate solutions JF - Nature Climate Change N2 - Cities are becoming increasingly important in combatting climate change, but their overall role in global solution pathways remains unclear. Here we suggest structuring urban climate solutions along the use of existing and newly built infrastructures, providing estimates of the mitigation potential. KW - Climate-change mitigation KW - Economics KW - Engineering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3169 SN - 1758-678X VL - 6 SP - 1054 EP - 1056 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Stephan, Ute A1 - Patterson, Malcolm A1 - Kelly, Ciara T1 - Organizations driving positive social change : A review and an integrative framework of change processes JF - Journal of Management N2 - Academic and practitioner interest in how market-based organizations can drive positive social change (PSC) is steadily growing. This paper helps to recast how organizations relate to society. It integrates research on projects stimulating PSC—the transformational processes to advance societal well-being—that is fragmented across different streams of research in management and related disciplines. Focusing on the mechanisms at play in how organizations and their projects affect change in targets outside of organizational boundaries, we (1) clarify the nature of PSC as a process, (2) develop an integrative framework that specifies two distinct PSC strategies, (3) take stock of and offer a categorization scheme for change mechanisms and enabling organizational practices, and (4) outline opportunities for future research. Our conceptual framework differentiates between surface- and deep-level PSC strategies understood as distinct combinations of change mechanisms and enabling organizational practices. These strategies differ in the nature and speed of transformation experienced by the targets of change projects and the resulting quality (pervasiveness and durability), timing, and reach of social impact. Our findings provide a solid base for integrating and advancing knowledge across the largely disparate streams of management research on corporate social responsibility, social entrepreneurship, and base of the pyramid and open up important new avenues for future research on organizing for PSC and on unpacking PSC processes. KW - sustainability KW - positive organizational behavior KW - corporate social responsibility KW - social entrepreneurship KW - base of the pyramid KW - social issues in management KW - managing change Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21722 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206316633268 SN - 0149-2063 VL - 42 IS - 5 SP - 1250 EP - 1281 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kostka, Genia T1 - Command without control: The case of China’s environmental target system JF - Regulation & Governance N2 - In the existing literature there is general agreement that the effectiveness and efficiency of command and control instruments versus market-based instruments is highly context specific. A country's particular regulatory environment and state capacity, as well as the features of given environmental problems, play an important role in ascertaining what the “right” set of policy instruments for environmental management might be. This article examines how command and control instruments are used as an environmental enforcement mechanism in China's authoritarian state. Based on extensive fieldwork, this paper shows that the reliance on binding environmental targets as the main domestic policy instrument in China has generated numerous undesirable consequences. While China's target-based approach to implementation has incentivized local officials to strictly enforce environmental mandates, there are numerous shortcomings in the system. In particular, target rigidity, cyclical behaviour, poor data quality, and the absence of an independent monitoring agency have generated adverse effects and contribute to a yawning gap between regulatory goals and outcomes. The paper concludes that binding environmental targets as the main command–control instrument in China can be more accurately described as “command without control” as the target-setting central government does not exercise a high degree of control over implementation and monitoring processes. But command and control instruments can be suited for managing “first-generation” environmental problems and addressing environmental issues that have easily identifiable pollution sources and which are easy to verify. KW - authoritarian environmentalism KW - China KW - command and control instruments KW - environmental policy implementation KW - regulation KW - targets Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12082 SN - 1748-5991 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 58 EP - 74 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Markman, Gideon A1 - Russo, Michael A1 - Lumpkin, G.T. A1 - Jennings, P. Devereaux T1 - Entrepreneurship as a Platform for Pursuing Multiple Goals: A Special Issue on Sustainability, Ethics, and Entrepreneurship JF - Journal of Management Studies N2 - The great challenge of sustainability is addressed by firms with varying levels of social and environmental responsibility and performance. Though traditionally, firms sought a balance, we argue that this is not enough. Rather, we advocate that the natural environment be the foundation on which society resides and the economy operates. Sustainable, ethical, entrepreneurial (SEE) enterprises are moving in this direction, seeking to regenerate the environment and drive positive societal changes rather than only minimizing harm. We also note that sustainability is justified and motivated by ethical considerations and pioneered by entrepreneurial engagement. The eight articles included in this Special Issue draw from cross-disciplinary scholarship to elaborate how SEE enterprises approach sustainability through new organizational forms, business models and innovation, and new governance mechanisms. They also emphasize the roles of institutional forces and logics, government policies and social movements for promoting or impeding sustainable practices. Collectively, they reveal new and compelling insights while spotlighting the great questions for SEE enterprise that await study. KW - entrepreneurship KW - ethics KW - sustainability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12214 SN - 1467-6486 VL - 53 IS - 5 SP - 673 EP - 694 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Vogt, Dominique A1 - Messer, Melanie A1 - Schaeffer, Doris T1 - Health literacy among different age groups in Germany : results of a cross-sectional survey JF - BMC Public Health N2 - BACKGROUND: Health literacy is of increasing importance in public health research. It is a necessary pre-condition for the involvement in decisions about health and health care and related to health outcomes. Knowledge about limited health literacy in different age groups is crucial to better target public health interventions for subgroups of the population. However, little is known about health literacy in Germany. The study therefore assesses the prevalence of limited health literacy and associated factors among different age groups. METHODS: The Health Literacy Survey Germany is a cross-sectional study with 2,000 participants aged 15 years or older in private households. Perceived health literacy was assessed via computer-assisted personal interviews using the HLS-EU-Q-47 questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, chi-square tests and odds ratios were performed stratified for different age groups. RESULTS: The population affected by limited perceived health literacy increases by age. Of the respondents aged 15-29 years, 47.3 % had limited perceived health literacy and 47.2 % of those aged 30-45 years, whereas 55.2 % of the respondents aged 46-64 years and 66.4 % aged 65 years and older showed limited perceived health literacy. In all age groups, limited perceived health literacy was associated with limited functional health literacy, low social status, and a high frequency of doctor visits. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a need to further investigate perceived health literacy in all phases of the life-course. Particular attention should be devoted to persons with lower social status, limited functional health literacy and/or a high number of doctor visits in all age groups. KW - Health literacy KW - Socio-economic factors KW - Doctor visits KW - Germany KW - General population KW - Age groups KW - Survey KW - HLS-EU-Q Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21428 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3810-6 VL - 16 PB - Biomed Central ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scholz, Rembrandt A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela T1 - The register-based census in Germany : Historical context and relevance for population research JF - Comparative Population Studies N2 - In 2011, Germany carried out its first census after a 20-year break. In light of the United Nations’ recommendations that countries initiate a population census at least every 10 years, the census was long overdue. Moreover, demographers had for some time been demanding a new enumeration that would enable them to place the calculation of demographic indicators on a reliable basis. With the 2011 census, Germany not only met the demand for a current population census, but also broke new ground by using a register-based approach. Unlike the Scandinavian countries, which have a long tradition of performing register-based data analyses, the linking of administrative data in Germany is restricted by the country’s legal framework. Thus, the 2011 census was an ambitious project. After contextualising the 2011 census historically, we discuss in this contribution the census’ relevance for generating central demographic data. Specifically, we compare the updated population estimates of the 1987 census to the results of the 2011 census in order to identify possible systematic sources of error that distort demographic indicators and analyses. KW - Demographic indicators KW - Register data KW - Census Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21340 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12765/CPoS-2016-08en SN - 1869-8999 VL - 41 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 204 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Geisler, Esther A1 - Trappe, Heike T1 - Erwerbsbeteiligung von Müttern und Vätern in Ost- und Westdeutschland : Strukturstarre oder Trendwende JF - Archiv für Wissenschaft und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit Y1 - 2016 SN - 0340 - 3564 VL - 2 SP - 4 EP - 15 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bremhorst, Vincent A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Lambert, Philippe T1 - Fertility progression in Germany : An analysis using flexible nonparametric cure survival models JF - Demographic Research N2 - Objective: This paper uses data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) to study the transition to second and third births. In particular, we seek to distinguish the factors that determine the timing of fertility from the factors that influence ultimate parity progression. Methods: We employ cure survival models, a technique commonly used in epidemiological studies and in the statistical literature but only rarely applied to fertility research. Results: We find that education has a different impact on the timing and the ultimate probability of having a second and a third birth. Furthermore, we show that the shape of the fertility schedule for the total population differs from that of ‘susceptible women’ (i.e., those who have a second or a third child). Conclusions: Standard event history models conflate timing and quantum effects. Our approach overcomes this shortcoming. It estimates separate parameters for the hazard rate of having a next child for the ‘susceptible population’ and the ultimate probability of having another child for the entire population at risk. Contribution: We go beyond standard cure survival models, also known as split population models, used in fertility research by specifying a flexible non-parametric model using Bayesian P-splines for the latent distribution (related to the timing of an extra birth) instead of a parametric model. Our approach is, so far, limited to time-constant covariates, but can be extended to include time-varying covariates as well. KW - cure survival models KW - fertility KW - Germany KW - parity progression KW - quantum KW - timing Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21352 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2016.35.18 VL - 35 SP - 505 EP - 534 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Venkataraman, Hemalatha A1 - Vermeulen, Patrick A1 - Raaijmakers, Aafke T1 - Market Meets Community: Institutional Logics as Strategic Resources for Development Work JF - Organization Studies N2 - We investigate how an intermediary organization, PRADAN, introduces and promotes market-based activities in tribal villages as a means to improve the social and economic conditions of rural women and their families in two districts in India. We draw from the literature on institutional logics and focus on the strategies and activities of PRADAN – an NGO working in poor rural areas in Northern India – to show how PRADAN instrumentally used a market logic and a community logic to develop new social structures in these rural communities. Moreover, we show what effect this had on beneficiaries and their families and how difficult it has been to convince rural communities and gain their trust. On the basis of these findings we show how logics can be deployed as a means to alter institutional arrangements. We find that the simultaneous enactment of both community and market logics was critical in the development of new social structures (Self-Help Groups). Finally, we show how the introduction of market-based activities by PRADAN is best understood as an ongoing and staged process that strongly builds on a continuous interplay of multiple logics. KW - case study KW - institutional theory KW - qualitative research design Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840615613370 SN - 0170-8406 VL - 37 IS - 5 SP - 709 EP - 733 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Traxler, Christian A1 - Berger, Melissa A1 - Fellner-Röhling, Gerlinde A1 - Sausgruber, Rupert T1 - Higher Taxes, more Evasion? Evidence from Border Differentials in TV License Fees JF - Journal of Public Economics N2 - This paper studies the evasion of TV license fees in Austria. We exploit border differentials to identify the effect of fees on evasion. Comparing municipalities at the low- and high-fee side of state borders reveals that higher fees trigger significantly more evasion. Our preferred estimator indicates that a one percent increase in fees raises the evasion rate by 0.3 percentage points. The positive effect of fees on evasion is confirmed in different parametric and non-parametric approaches and survives several robustness checks. KW - Evasion KW - TV license fees KW - Border tax differentials KW - Regression discontinuity design Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-21571 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.01.007 SN - 0047-2727 N1 - This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Journal of Public Economics. The final authenticated version is available online at: DOI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.01.007 VL - 135 SP - 74 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier B.V. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Traxler, Christian T1 - Konsumieren, Wirtschaften, Vorsorgen – Ergebnisse der 3. MetallRente Jugendstudie JF - BetrAV Y1 - 2016 SN - 0005-9951 VL - 71 IS - 6 SP - 490 EP - 493 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leipprand, Anna A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Pahle, Michael T1 - Energy transition on the rise : discourses on energy future in the German parliament JF - Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research N2 - In this paper we describe energy policy discourses and their story-lines in German parliamentary debates, and trace their evolution over the past decades. Through content analysis and coding with MAXQDA, changes in the discourses and in the use of story-lines by different political parties are analyzed. Our study shows that while the concept of a transition towards a nuclear-free, renewables-based energy system became hegemonic within three decades, the discourse itself underwent major changes. Energy Transition was de-radicalized and became part of a discourse of Ecological Modernization, thus aligning with mainstream economic logic. There are still considerable differences in the story-lines narrated by parliamentarians about pathways to Energy Transition and its effects. Discursive struggles into the meaning and the means of the transition project continue, suggesting that discourse structuration is far from complete. KW - discourse analysis KW - story-lines KW - energy transition KW - renewable energy KW - energy policy KW - Germany Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2016.1215241 IS - 3 SP - 283 EP - 305 PB - 30 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hammerschmid, Gerhard A1 - Anheier, Helmut K. A1 - Wegrich, Kai T1 - Planung und Management öffentlicher Infrastruktur: auf dem Weg zu einer besseren Governance JF - Public Governance - Zeitschrift für öffentliches Management KW - Infrastruktur KW - Governance Y1 - 2016 UR - https://publicgovernance.de/23554.htm SN - 1866-4431 IS - Sommer 2016 SP - 15 EP - 18 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steckel, Jan Christoph A1 - Jakob, Michael A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Kornek, Ulrike A1 - Lessmann, Kai A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar T1 - From climate finance towards sustainable development finance JF - WIREs Climate Change N2 - Decarbonizing the global energy system requires large-scale investment flows, with a central role for international climate finance to mobilize private funds. The willingness to provide international finance in accordance with common but differentiated responsibilities was acknowledged by the broad endorsement of the Paris Agreement, and the Green Climate Funds in particular. The international community aims to mobilize at least USD 100 billion per year for mitigation and adaption in developing countries. In this article, we argue that too little attention has been paid on the spending side of climate finance, both in the political as well as the academic debate. To this end, we review the challenges encountered in project-based approaches of allocating climate finance in the past. In contrast to project-based finance, we find many advantages to spending climate finance in support of price-based national policies. First, the support for international climate cooperation is improved when efforts of successively rising domestic carbon pricing levels are compensated. Second, carbon pricing sets incentives for least-cost mitigation. Third, investing domestic revenues from emission pricing schemes could advance a country's individual development goals and ensure the recipient's ‘ownership’ of climate policies. We conclude that by reconciling the global goal of cost-efficient mitigation with national policy priorities, climate finance for carbon pricing could become a central pillar of sustainable development and promote international cooperation to achieve the climate targets laid down in the Paris Agreement. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.437 VL - 8 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krapf, Sandra A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Wolf, Katharina T1 - Gendered Authorship and Demographic Research – An Analysis of 50 Years of Demography JF - Demography N2 - Demography, the official journal of the Population Association of America, has been given the highest rating among demographic journals by the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). Our aim here is to investigate the development of research subfields and female authorship in Demography over the last 50 years. We find that female authorship in Demography has risen considerably since the 1980s and that currently a woman is about as likely as a man to be the sole or the first author of a paper published in the journal. However, we find some differences by subfield. Women seem to be overrepresented in the “family and household” research subfield but underrepresented in the “mortality and health” and “data and methods” categories. KW - Demography KW - Publication practices KW - Female authorship KW - Gender KW - Bibliometrics Y1 - 2016 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-20875 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-016-0482-x SN - 1533-7790 VL - 53 IS - 4 SP - 1169 EP - 1184 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kurban, Dilek T1 - The EU has a choice – suspend Turkey’s accession process JF - Hertie School Research Blog N2 - As post-coup purges erode democracy, the EU must take a stand, Dilek Kurban says in an interview. KW - Turkey-EU relations Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.hertie-school.org/en/debate/allcontent/detail/content/the-eu-has-a-choice-suspend-turkeys-accession-process/ N1 - Blog entry ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus T1 - Life course influences on health and health inequalities: A socialisation perspective JF - Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung und Sozialisation N2 - This paper reviews life course approaches applied in epidemiology, sociology and psychology and proposes a theoretical framework that integrates the concept of socialisation. We argue that the paradigmatic principles of interdisciplinary life course research (human agency, timing in lives, linked lives and historical context) provide a strong basis for a more holistic and theory-driven view of the life course and its interdependent pathways. The ´agency within structure´ paradigm on which these principles are based is an essential part of socialisation theory. We emphasize that socialisation theory has the potential to act as a theoretical link between social science and epidemiology, because it offers a multi-causal framework to illuminate the association between social structure and health across the life course. In order to better understand the development of health and health inequalities in a life course perspective, an interdisciplinary approach is required. The increased attention to socialisation principles might open new dialogue and empirical research perspectives for health sociology and epidemiology. Keywords: ageing, health, life course, social inequalities, socialisation theory Y1 - 2016 SN - 1436-1957 VL - 3 SP - 264 EP - 280 PB - Beltz Juventa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Makro-strukturelle Determinanten der Gesundheit und gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit von Jugendlichen in 27 Wohlfahrtsstaaten: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse JF - Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung und Sozialisation N2 - Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Relevanz makro-struktureller Merkmale für die Gesundheit und sozioökonomische Ungleichheit in der Gesundheit von Jugendlichen in hochentwickelten Wohlfahrtsstaaten. Datenbasis ist die internationale "Health Behaviour in School-aged Child-ren (HBSC)"-Studie 2005/06. Sie umfasst 11- bis 15-jährige Jugendliche in 27 europäischen und nordamerikanischen Länder (n=134.632), die in fünf Wohlfahrtsstaatsregimes (sozialde-mokratisch, konservativ, liberal, süd- und osteuropäisch) zusammengefasst wurden. In hierar-chischen Regressionsmodellen wurden für die psychosomatische Beschwerdelast als gesund-heitliche Zielgrößee individuelle (familiärer Wohlstand) und makro-strukturelle Determinanten (Einkommensungleichheit, Ausgaben für das Gesundheitssystem, Regime-Dummies) unter Kontrolle des nationalen Wohlstands analysiert. Im liberalen Regime und damit in Ländern mit hoher Einkommensungleichheit fallen die Beschwerderate und sozioökonomische Un-gleichheiten in der Beschwerdelast am höchsten aus. Der gesellschaftliche Wohlstand und die Ausgaben für das Gesundheitssystem sind dagegen nicht mit den Beschwerden assoziiert KW - Subjektive Gesundheit KW - multiple Beschwerden KW - Jugendliche KW - sozioökonomischer Status KW - Wohlfahrtsstaatregime KW - makro-strukturelle Determinanten KW - HBSC Y1 - 2016 SN - 1436-1957 VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 356 EP - 381 PB - Beltz Juventa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dawson, Mark T1 - Britain’s Neverendum on Europe JF - Verfassungsblog Y1 - 2016 UR - http://verfassungsblog.de/britains-neverendum-on-europe/ N1 - Blog entry ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Kunst, Anton E. A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Pförtner, Timo-Kolja A1 - Elgar, Frank J. A1 - Kannas, Lasse A1 - Baška, Tibor A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Is educational differentiation associated with smoking and smoking inequalities in adolescence? A multilevel analysis across 27 European and North American countries JF - Sociology of Health & Illness N2 - This study aims to determine whether educational differentiation (i.e. early and long tracking to different school types) relate to socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent smoking. Data were collected from the WHO-Collaborative 'Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)' study 2005/2006, which included 48,025 15-year-old students (Nboys = 23,008, Ngirls = 25,017) from 27 European and North American countries. Socioeconomic position was measured using the HBSC family affluence scale. Educational differentiation was determined by the number of different school types, age of selection, and length of differentiated curriculum at the country-level. We used multilevel logistic regression to assess the association of daily smoking and early smoking initiation predicted by family affluence, educational differentiation, and their interactions. Socioeconomic inequalities in both smoking outcomes were larger in countries that are characterised by a lower degree of educational differentiation (e.g. Canada, Scandinavia and the United Kingdom) than in countries with higher levels of educational differentiation (e.g. Austria, Belgium, Hungary and The Netherlands). This study found that high educational differentiation does not relate to greater relative inequalities in smoking. Features of educational systems are important to consider as they are related to overall prevalence in smoking and smoking inequalities in adolescence. KW - HBSC KW - Adolescence KW - Educational differentiation KW - Multilevel analysis KW - Socioeconomic inequality KW - Socioeconomic status KW - Tobacco smoking Y1 - 2016 VL - 38 IS - 7 SP - 1005 EP - 1025 ER -