TY - CHAP A1 - Toepler, Stefan A1 - Anheier, Helmut K. ED - List, Regina A. ED - Anheier, Helmut K. ED - Toepler, Stefan T1 - Theories of Nonprofit Sector, Economic T2 - International Encyclopedia of Civil Society KW - Civil Society KW - Sociology Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-319-99675-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99675-2_805-1 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steininger, Silvia T1 - Silvia Steininger, Review of Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen. The 3 Regional Human Rights Courts in Context: Justice That Cannot Be Taken for Granted JF - European Journal of International Law Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chae062 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 1063 EP - 1068 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Finnerty, Joseph T1 - How Should the European Court of Human Rights Remedy Violations of Article 18 ECHR? The Case for Remedial Realignment JF - European Convention on Human Rights Law Review N2 - This article assesses whether the European Court of Human Right’s (Court) remedial reasoning in Article 18 European Convention on Human Rights (Convention) judgments coheres with the Court’s merits-based reasoning finding a violation of this particular provision. Article 18 violations have come to highlight structural problems in state parties, most notably complicity from domestic judiciaries and/or state prosecutors in state efforts to restrict Convention rights for anti-democratic ulterior purposes. The article finds that this substantive feature of Article 18 violations does not generally extend to the Court’s approach to formulating remedies and that the Article 18 violation judgments evidence the same remedial oversight generally present in the Court’s broader case law. The article argues, however, that the Court’s remedial approach in Article 18 violation judgments should be highly prescriptive and specific in respect of both individual and general measures on account of the reality that Article 18 serves both individual and constitutional justice and engages the positive dimension of subsidiarity. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/26663236-bja10100 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 380 EP - 399 PB - Brill | Nijhoff ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nugraha, Ignatius Yordan ED - Vanhullebusch, Matthias ED - Forster, Steve ED - Stanford, Ben T1 - Deferring to Consensus and Procedural Rationality: Assessing the European Court of Human Rights’ Approach to Majoritarian Will T2 - The Asian Yearbook of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law N2 - The purpose of this paper is to explore how the European Court of Human Rights has tackled majoritarian will when dealing with ‘hard cases’ of human rights. Under its jurisprudence, the Court has long relied on the existence of a ‘European consensus’ to interpret the European Convention on Human Rights. However, the Court has inconsistently shifted between deference to and rejection of internal consensus, which refers to the prevailing view held by the majority in a particular state. On the one hand, the Court has deferred to an internal consensus that favours restrictions on abortion, but on the other hand, in cases concerning sexual minorities, it has rejected the use of internal consensus to restrict rights. At the same time, with the Court undergoing a procedural turn where the assessment of proportionality is focused on the quality of domestic decision-making rather than a substantive analysis, today the Court is more likely to defer to reasoned and thoughtful internal consensus, which indicates a new Strasbourg-style majoritarian approach to human rights. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-90-04-70647-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004706477_007 VL - 8 SP - 166 EP - 198 PB - Brill | Nijhoff ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Nugraha, Ignatius Yordan T1 - Deferring to Consensus and Procedural Rationality: Assessing the European Court of Human Rights' Approach to Majoritarian Will N2 - The purpose of this paper is to explore how the European Court of Human Rights has tackled majoritarian will when dealing with 'hard cases' of human rights. Under its jurisprudence, the Court has long relied on the existence of a 'European consensus' to interpret the European Convention on Human Rights. However, the Court has inconsistently shifted between deference to and rejection of internal consensus, which refers to the prevailing view held by the majority in a particular state. On the one hand, the Court has deferred to an internal consensus that favours restrictions on abortion, but on the other hand, in cases concerning sexual minorities, it has rejected the use of internal consensus to restrict rights. At the same time, with the Court undergoing a procedural turn where the assessment of proportionality is focused on the quality of domestic decision-making rather than a substantive analysis, today the Court is more likely to defer to reasoned and thoughtful internal consensus, which indicates a new Strasbourg-style majoritarian approach to human rights. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4995862 PB - SSRN ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Arlinghaus, Johanna A1 - Konc, Théo A1 - Mattauch, Linus A1 - Sommer, Stephan T1 - The effect of information framing on policy support: Experimental evidence from urban policies T2 - Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2024: Upcoming Labor Market Challenges N2 - Does information influence policy support? We administer a large-scale representative survey with randomised video treatments to test how different policy frames affect citizens’ attitudes towards urban tolls in two large European metropolitan areas without tolls, Berlin-Brandenburg and Paris-Ile de France. Providing information on air pollution increases support by up to 11.4%p, information on climate change and time savings increase support by 7.1 and 6.5 %p, respectively. Treatment effects are stronger in the Paris region, where initial support is lower. We also investigate treatment effect heterogeneity across different socioeconomic characteristics as well as by prior beliefs held about the severity of environmental and traffic problems, and we find weak spillovers of our treatment on the support of other policies. Our findings imply that targeted communication of policy co-benefits can increase policy support across different population groups. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/10419/302449 PB - ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics CY - Kiel, Hamburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Römmele, Andrea T1 - What Actually Is the “New” in the New Enlightenment? JF - Global Perspectives N2 - A Review Essay of Towards a New Enlightenment: The Case for Future-Oriented Humanities, by Markus Gabriel, Christoph Horn, Anna Katsman, Wilhelm Krull, Anna Luisa Lippold, Corine Pelluchon, and Ingo Venzke. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2022 (published simultaneously in both German and English). Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1525/gp.2024.93039 VL - 5 IS - 1 PB - University of California Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michaels, Eva A1 - Sus, Monika T1 - (Not) Coming of age? Unpacking the European Union’s quest for strategic autonomy in security and defence JF - European Security N2 - Russia’s large-scale aggression against Ukraine brought back the debate about the European Union’s strategic autonomy ambitions in security and defence. The notion had slipped off the EU’s radar following the post-2016 thematic shift in strategic autonomy discussions to global economic interdependencies. Our article contributes to an appraisal of the strategic autonomy debate in security and defence since Russia’s full invasion of Ukraine, while also tracing the emergence and revival of the concept over the past 25 years. By unpacking the EU’s quest for strategic autonomy as a process of maturation since the late 1990s, we examine the extent to which the EU has grown into an autonomous security and defence actor. We further discuss the implications of maturation for EU security and defence policy. Drawing on 20 semi-structured interviews with policymakers and foreign policy experts in seven member states, our study brings the underexplored aspect of national acceptability of EU external action to the fore. We show that significant progress has been made regarding both ideational and material aspects of EU security and defence policy. Yet, prevailing differences in underlying national beliefs, perceptions and goals about security and defence continue to hamper the Union’s further maturation. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2024.2376603 N1 - Open Access publication is funded by the Hertie School Library. VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 383 EP - 405 PB - Informa UK Limited ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilson, Nicole E. A1 - Hankinson, Michael A1 - Magazinnik, Asya A1 - Sands, Melissa T1 - Inaccuracies in Low Income Housing Geocodes: When and Why They Matter JF - Urban Affairs Review N2 - Scholars across disciplines frequently employ data on housing developments subsidized by the National Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC). We find that the geographic coordinates for these developments, generated by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), are frequently inaccurate. Using both the population of data from California and a national sample, we find that HUD-provided geocodes are inaccurate nearly half the time while Google-generated geocodes are almost always more accurate. However, while Google’s geolocation is more likely to be accurate, when it is inaccurate, it deviates from the true location by a much greater distance than HUD. We therefore recommend that scholars use Google-generated geocodes for most research applications where the localized environment matters; however, in studies where observations are aggregated to a larger area, researchers may prefer to use HUD geocodes, which are more frequently inaccurate but typically by smaller distances. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231165767 N1 - First published online March 29, 2023 VL - 60 IS - 1 SP - 217 EP - 231 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ramos, Vincent Jerald T1 - Initial labor market conditions and subsequent fertility behavior JF - Genus N2 - The conditions upon which young adults enter the labor market have been demonstrated to affect various later-life employment and family formation outcomes. After the 2008–2009 Global Financial Crisis, a thick strand of the literature has shown that precarious initial employment leads to postponed childbearing and higher ultimate childlessness. However, it is not only individual conditions that matter. Broader macroeconomic conditions upon entry also matter. The “scarring” literature has illustrated the consequences of entering the labor market during a recession on later life outcomes. Speaking to both strands and using detailed employment and birth histories of labor market entrants in Germany, this paper examines the effects of initial conditions, operationalized using fixed-term employment and recession year entry, on subsequent fertility behavior. To partly address bias from endogenous selection into initial conditions, we employ a two-step estimation strategy combining a non-parametric optimal full matching step and a parametric event history modeling step using the matched data. Results suggest that entering the labor market with a fixed-term contract is persistently and negatively associated with first births up to a decade after entry, and this pattern is pronounced only among women, whereas entering during a recession has persistent negative associations only among men. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-024-00233-0 N1 - Open Access publication is funded by the Hertie School Library. VL - 80 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Westbury, Philippa A1 - Arlinghaus, Johanna A1 - Bellamy, Rob A1 - Butnar, Isabela A1 - Cox, Emily A1 - Frankhauser, Sam A1 - Gilbert, Alyssa A1 - Hepburn, Cameron A1 - House, Joanna A1 - Lynch, John A1 - Martirosian, Natasha A1 - Mouchos, Evangelos A1 - Rodway-Dyer, Sue A1 - Smith, Steve A1 - Waller, Laurie A1 - Workman, Mark T1 - Delivering Greenhouse Gas Removal in the UK: Priorities for the government T2 - Delivering Greenhouse Gas Removal in the UK Priorities for the government Y1 - 2024 UR - https://co2re.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/CO2RE-July-2024-policy-briefing_final-1.pdf PB - CO2 RE, The Greenhouse Gas Removal Hub ER -