TY - CHAP A1 - Palmiotto Ettorre, Francesca ED - De Abreu Duarte, Francisco ED - Palmiotto Ettorre, Francesca T1 - Tracing Transparency: Public Governance of Algorithms and the Experience of Contact Tracing Apps T2 - Sovereignty, Technology and Governance after COVID-19: Legal Challenges in a Post-Pandemic Europe Y1 - 2022 SN - 9781509955985 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509956012.ch-005 SP - 77 EP - 102 PB - Bloomsbury Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wegrich, Kai ED - Goldfinch, Shaun Francis T1 - Public sector innovation: which season of public sector reform? T2 - Handbook of Public Administration Reform Y1 - 2023 SN - 978 1 80037 673 1 SP - 131 EP - 145 PB - Edward Elgar ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Revillard, Anne A1 - Corno, Lucia A1 - Fernandez, José Luis A1 - Mason, Danielle A1 - Umbach, Gaby A1 - Bodenstein, Thilo A1 - Cartwright, Andrew A1 - Melenciuc, Ioana-Roxana A1 - Wegrich, Kai A1 - Stone, Diane T1 - Developing policy evaluation in an academic setting: assets and challenges T2 - Débat du LIEPP N2 - Based on a seminar organized by LIEPP and CIVICA which took place at Sciences Po in June 2022, this publication brings together ten academic researchers from seven different CIVICA universities (Bocconi, CEU, EUI, Hertie School, LSE, Sciences Po, SNSPA), who are involved in various forms of policy evaluation. These contributions from Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, and the United Kingdom, reflect on the assets and challenges of developing policy evaluation in an academic setting. The seminar was organized as part of CIVICA’s research focus on “Democracy in the 21st century”, but through the crosscutting nature of program evaluation, it is also of interest to CIVICA’s three others research streams (on societies in transition, data, and Europe revisited). The aim of this debate is thus to better understand the specificities, assets and challenges of developing evaluation from within an academic setting, in view of eventually reflecting on possible ways to collectively reinforce this practice within CIVICA, and use CIVICA as a leverage to reinforce this practice. This debate is organized around two topics, developing academic evaluative research, and the role of academic institutions in outreach and training in evaluation. Contributions are based on presentations of the experiences of each CIVICA partner. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-04074380/ IS - n°7 ER - TY - THES A1 - Naujoks, Tabea T1 - The division of labor in couples with children: A dyadic analysis in the German context N2 - This cumulative dissertation examines how couples with children in Germany divide paid and unpaid work and identifies several factors related to a more egalitarian division of labor. In the first paper, I focus on the division of paid work in couples with children, comparing female same-sex and different-sex couples, which constitutes an empirical novelty. Discussing the applicability of division of labor theories to same-sex couples, I further exploit the historically shaped gender culture of East and West Germany. Based on the German Microcensus (2010-2019) and using pooled OLS regressions, I show that female same-sex couples divide paid work more equally than different-sex couples. Comparing East and West Germany, I find a similarly equal division of paid work among same-sex and different-sex couples in the East, while different-sex couples in the West specialize more. The analysis highlights the importance of the cultural context and normative explanations of the division of labor. The second paper turns to childcare, the intersection of the paid working life with the father’s contribution to childcare being a key concern of researchers and policymakers. The COVID-19 pandemic and the short-time work scheme provided a “natural experiment” for investigating this nexus. Based on IAB-HOPP data and multinomial logistic regressions, we show that fathers in short-time work take over more care responsibilities than fathers continuously employed with regular working 1 hours. The findings indicate that policies targeting men’s working hours can affect the gendered distribution of childcare within couples. The third paper focuses on the methodological problem of analyzing the division of unpaid work in couples often from one partner’s perspective only. Therefore, I examine the determinants of ‘perception gaps’ (defined as the mismatches between partners’ responses). Based on pairfam data, I analyze respondents’ reports on housework and childcare during the transition to first parenthood and show that a substantial perception gap exists, with 30% regarding housework and 25% concerning childcare. Results of the logistic regressions indicate that perception gaps are lowest among couples where the woman is employed or highly educated. These findings clearly underline the importance of a dyadic perspective on the division of labor in couples. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 09/2024 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-55381 N1 - Part of this dissertation has been published: Chapter 3 Journal article: Naujoks, T., Kreyenfeld, M., & Dummert, S. (2022). The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers’ engagement? Journal of Family Research, 34(1), 67-98. https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-717 Pre-print: Naujoks, T., Kreyenfeld, M., & Dummert, S. (2021). The Coronavirus Crisis, Fathers’ Short-Time Work, and the Division of Child Care in Couples. Working Paper. Hertie School. https://doi.org/10.48462/opus4-3870 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Yaakoubi, Yassine A1 - Donti, Priya L. A1 - Kaack, Lynn H. A1 - Rolnick, David A1 - Dunietz, Jesse A1 - Malik, Muneeb A1 - Afolabi, Temilola A1 - Kuhne, Paul A1 - Ndzimande, Onezwa A1 - Chinyamakobvu, Mutsa A1 - Gombakomba, Ruvimbo A1 - Chibvongodze, Vongai A1 - Leslie, Timothy A1 - Bjärby, Effuah A1 - Letuka, Teboho T1 - Grand Challenge Initiatives in AI for Climate & Nature: Landscape Assessment and Recommendations Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ccai-reports.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/grand-challenge-initiatives-ai-climate-nature.pdf PB - Climate Change AI (CCAI) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chevance, Guillaume A1 - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark A1 - Braga, Kaue A1 - Clifton, Kelly A1 - Hoadley, Suzanne A1 - Kaack, Lynn H. A1 - Kaiser, Silke K. A1 - Lampkowski, Marcelo A1 - Lupu, Iuliana A1 - Radics, Miklós A1 - Velázquez-Cortés, Daniel A1 - Williams, Sarah A1 - Woodcock, James A1 - Tonne, Cathryn T1 - Data gaps in transport behavior are bottleneck for tracking progress towards healthy sustainable transport in European cities JF - Environmental Research Letters Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad42b3 VL - 19 IS - 5 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Leininger, Arndt A1 - Murr, Andreas E. A1 - Stoetzer, Lukas F. A1 - Kayser, Mark A. ED - Schoen, Harald ED - Weßels, Bernhard T1 - Bürger:innenprognosen in einem Mischwahlsystem: Die deutsche Bundestagswahl 2021 als Testfall T2 - Wahlen und Wähler N2 - Wie viele Wahlkreise gewinnt welche Partei bei der Bundestagswahl? Diese Frage war im Vorfeld der Bundestagswahl 2021 trotz des deutschen Mischwahlsystems unter Fachleuten wie auch einer breiteren Öffentlichkeit von besonderem Interesse. Diesem Bedarf an Vorhersagen bedient in jüngerer Zeit eine zunehmende Zahl von Prognosemodellen, die sich jedoch fast ausschließlich auf die Zweitstimme abzielen. Für Wahlkreise gibt es nicht nur in Deutschland, sondern auch in reinen Mehrheitswahlsystemen, kaum relevante Umfragen. Wir führten daher eine Wahlerwartungsumfrage durch, um den Wahlausgang in jedem einzelnen Bundestagswahlkreis zu prognostizieren. Wir nennen unseren Ansatz Bürger:innenprognose, weil er auf den Erwartungen der Bürger:innen über das Wahlverhalten ihrer Mitbürger:innen beruht und nicht auf deren selbstberichteten Wahlabsichten. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir unsere Bürger:innenprognose vor, evaluieren ihre Genauigkeit und vergleichen sie mit anderen Ansätzen zur Wahlprognose. Y1 - 2024 SN - 9783658426934 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-42694-1_15 SP - 383 EP - 411 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Gilli, Andrea A1 - Gilli, Mauro A1 - Grgić, Gorana A1 - Henke, Marina A1 - Lanoszka, Alexander A1 - Meijer, Hugo A1 - Scaglioli, Lucrezia A1 - Silove, Nina A1 - Simón, Luis A1 - Smeets, Max T1 - Strategic Shifts and NATO’s new Strategic Concept Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.ndc.nato.int/news/news.php?icode=1716 SN - 2618-0057 IS - NDC Research Paper No.24 PB - NATO Defense College CY - Rome ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Henke, Marina T1 - The “dos and don’ts” of strategy making Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.ndc.nato.int/news/news.php?icode=1678 SN - 2617-6009 PB - NATO Defense College CY - Rome ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Feist, Marian A1 - Kühner, Ann-Kathrin A1 - Flachsland, Christian T1 - Selling CBAM: Diplomacy for the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ariadneprojekt.de/en/publication/analysis-selling-cbam-diplomacy-for-the-european-unions-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.48485/pik.2024.010 PB - Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drapalova, Eliska A1 - Wegrich, Kai T1 - Platforms´ regulatory disruptiveness and local regulatory outcomes in Europe JF - Internet Policy Review N2 - One of the manifestations of platform power is the ability of platforms to successfully ignore existing rules and disrupt established patterns of regulation, thereby challenging the pillars of the regulatory state. But while the disruptive nature of the platform economy has often been invoked, it has rarely been empirically researched. We aim to fill this gap by putting the ‘disruption’ thesis to the test. We investigated whether platform companies disrupt local regulations. The findings show that sectoral platform companies are less disruptive to local regulations than widely believed. Platforms face a variety of regulatory responses, including the enforcement of regulations and the banning of platforms that fail to respect local rules. We operationalise disruption as the implementation of new regulation, exploring where and whether regulatory disruption takes place. This article combines a comparative analysis of 99 city regulations in the transport (ride-hailing) and housing (apartment-sharing) sectors in which platform companies are active, with examples from qualitative case studies. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://policyreview.info/articles/analysis/platforms-regulatory-disruptiveness U6 - https://doi.org/10.14763/2024.2.1745 VL - 13 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steininger, Silvia A1 - Hamilton Byrne, William A1 - Oidtmann, Raphael T1 - The Blind Men and the Elephant: An Empirical Analysis of the Social Sciences in International Law JF - Nordic Journal of International Law N2 - What is the role of the social sciences in international law? This article maps how international law interacts with the social sciences, including its concepts, findings, methods, and epistemologies. It provides a first encompassing genealogy of social science references in six renowned international law journals, including the American, Asian, European, Leiden, and Nordic Journal of International Law as well as the British International and Comparative Law Quarterly, by using a corpus linguistic approach that encompasses more than 15,000 documents from 1907 to 2022. Moreover, it explores how structural factors related to the institutionalization and funding of certain strands of social science-inspired international law scholarship have influenced regional and temporal patterns in Europe, Germany, and Australia. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/15718107-bja10076 SN - 0902-7351 VL - 93 IS - 1 SP - 11 EP - 37 PB - Brill ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoijtink, Marijn A1 - Mühlenhoff, Hanna L. A1 - Welfens, Natalie T1 - Whose (in)security? Gender, race and coloniality in European security policies: Introduction to the Special Issue JF - European Security N2 - Building on feminist and postcolonial theoretical approaches across International Relations (IR) and security studies, this Special Issue advances an emerging research agenda within EU studies by shedding light on the gendered and racialised logics of EU security and their links to colonial histories and practices. Together, the contributions to this Special Issue demonstrate how EU security is intrinsically connected to and constituted by histories of colonialism, racism and patriarchy. At the same time, they also highlight how the colonial, racialised and gendered dynamics that underpin EU security and that are mobilised by the EU, its institutions and member states are always complex and shifting. Importantly, they do so by decentring our analysis of EU security moving our focus often away from the EU and towards different, somewhat unexpected sites and geographical locations of EU security. The current war in Ukraine underwrites the need for more historical, contextual and decentred work on EU security, while also highlighting the necessity to reflect on dominant practices of knowledge production and the experiences of people living in and with war through a feminist and postcolonial lens KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2023.2235286 SN - 0966-2839 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 335 EP - 346 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Auz, Juan ED - Maljean-Dubois, Sandrine ED - Peel, Jacqueline T1 - Climate Crisis and the Testing of International Human Rights Remedies: Forecasting the Inter-American Court of Human Rights T2 - Climate Change and the Testing of International Law / Le droit international au défi des changements climatiques KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-90-04-68239-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/1875-8096_pplcdu_a9789004682399_13 PB - Brill | Nijhoff ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sękowska-Kozłowska, Katarzyna A1 - Baranowska, Grażyna A1 - Grygiel-Zasada, Joanna A1 - Szoszkiewicz, Łukasz ED - Heyns, Christof ED - Viljoen, Frans Jacobus ED - Murray, Rachel T1 - The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level in Poland T2 - The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level: Twenty Years On KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 SN - 9789004377653 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004377653_016 SP - 823 EP - 898 PB - Brill | Nijhoff ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Steininger, Silvia A1 - Paige, Tamsin Phillipa ED - González Hauck, Sué ED - Kunz, Raffaela ED - Milas, Max T1 - 4.2 Interdisciplinarity T2 - Public International Law: A Multi-Perspective Approach KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/oa-edit/10.4324/9781003451327-5/methods-su%C3%A9-gonz%C3%A1lez-hauck-max-milas-silvia-steininger-tamsin-phillipa-paige?context=ubx&refId=5bdaf8e6-ea7d-43fe-a8e2-64a43ad21f5b SN - 9781003451327 SP - 128 EP - 140 PB - Routledge ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Baranowska, Grażyna T1 - Poland’s Sham 'Migration' Referendum T2 - Verfassungsblog Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59704/0080ea603408fec9 IS - 2023/10/11 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Briddick, Catherine A1 - Costello, Cathryn T1 - Supreme Judgecraft: Non-Refoulement and the end of the UK-Rwanda ‘deal’? T2 - Verfassungsblog KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59704/6ac71ea278f0af98 IS - 2023/11/20 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Steininger, Silvia T1 - The CJEU’s Feminist Turn? Gender-based Persecution as a Ground for Protection T2 - Verfassungsblog KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59704/fb74a4298ba57dc0 IS - 2024/02/20 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Çalı, Başak T1 - Optimism in International Human Rights Law Scholarship JF - American Journal of International Law N2 - As a field of practice, international human rights law (IHRL) is in constant motion. The four books under review explore the legal, political, and civic dynamics that continuously shape and reshape this vibrant area of law. In this Essay, I underscore two important trends in contemporary IHRL scholarship that these books highlight. First, these works share a strong emphasis on agency, understood as human action that makes a difference in the world, be it the agency of individuals, domestic civil society organizations, transnational organizations, or courts. Highlighting agency, rather than overarching political, economic, and social structures, in turn shifts the attention from human rights law and doctrine “in the books” to an understanding of human rights law as a purposive and dynamic practice. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2024.3 SN - 0002-9300 VL - 118 IS - 2 SP - 374 EP - 387 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steininger, Silvia T1 - Where is the l(ove)? Excavating law and labour in The Redress of Law JF - European Law Open N2 - In his monograph The Redress of Law, Emilios Christodoulidis provides a sophisticated genealogical study of the emergence of total market thinking in Europe. With market constitutionalism having sidelined political constitutionalism, the potential of law to organise the political community is significantly restricted. By examining the commodification of labour, processes of bargaining, unemployment, and strikes, Christodoulidis demonstrates the destructive consequences of law in the service of market rationalities as well as its potential for strategic action to build collective identity in the EU (European Union). Yet, I argue that this book comes with two significant blind spots, namely a dated understanding of both law and labour. First of all, Christodoulidis’s systems theoretical understanding of law is neglecting the material conditions that law continuously re-produces in the course of globalization. Secondly, his vision of labour remains rather traditional, focused on unionised, white, and male workers. Both elements are central pillars of his analysis but do not reflect the current reality of the 21st century. In this Article, I challenge his conceptualization by situating his work in recent research on the role of law and labour regulation in global capitalism. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/elo.2023.17 SN - 2752-6135 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 151 EP - 161 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steininger, Silvia T1 - Talks, Dinners, and Envelopes at Nightfall: The Politicization of Informality at the Bundesverfassungsgericht JF - German Law Journal N2 - The German Federal Constitutional Court (BVerfG) has for decades used informality to establish, build, and protect its authority. Yet, as the political landscape has shifted in recent years, in particular since the end of the Merkel-era Grand Coalition and the rise of the right-wing populist AfD, several longstanding informal practices and institutions have become politicized. Those concern extra-judicial activities of judges, regular informal meetings between the Court and the government, and privileged early access to the Court’s press releases for certain journalists. This Article first introduces various forms of informality that the BVerfG employs in its internal self-administration and the judicial-legal culture in general, before tracing how, why, and by whom the three aforementioned practices of informality are challenged. Ultimately, this Article analyzes how the Court and its judges respond to the politicization of informality, and in particular how it triggered processes of formalization of judicial behavior and changes in institutional communication. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2023.72 SN - 2071-8322 VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 1300 EP - 1322 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palmiotto, Francesca T1 - When Is a Decision Automated? A Taxonomy for a Fundamental Rights Analysis JF - German Law Journal N2 - This Article addresses the pressing issues surrounding the use of automated systems in public decision-making, specifically focusing on migration, asylum, and mobility. Drawing on empirical data, this Article examines the potential and limitations of the General Data Protection Regulation and the Artificial Intelligence Act in effectively addressing the challenges posed by automated decision-making (ADM). The Article argues that the current legal definitions and categorizations of ADM fail to capture the complexity and diversity of real-life applications where automated systems assist human decision-makers rather than replace them entirely. To bridge the gap between ADM in law and practice, this Article proposes to move beyond the concept of “automated decisions” and complement the legal protection in the GDPR and AI Act with a taxonomy that can inform a fundamental rights analysis. This taxonomy enhances our understanding of ADM and allows to identify the fundamental rights at stake and the sector-specific legislation applicable to ADM. The Article calls for empirical observations and input from experts in other areas of public law to enrich and refine the proposed taxonomy, thus ensuring clearer conceptual frameworks to safeguard individuals in our increasingly algorithmic society. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2023.112 SN - 2071-8322 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 210 EP - 236 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palmiotto, Francesca A1 - Ozkul, Derya T1 - Contesting automation: the NewTech Litigation Database JF - Forced Migration Review N2 - Informed litigation is vital to uphold the rights of migrants subject to automated decision-making. This article introduces the NewTech Litigation Database, a tool for anyone seeking to contest the use of automated systems in migration and asylum processes. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.fmreview.org/digital-disruption/palmiotto-ozkul/ IS - 73 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palmiotto, Francesca A1 - González, Natalia Menéndez T1 - Facial recognition technology, democracy and human rights JF - Computer Law & Security Review N2 - On 4 July 2023, the Third Section of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) delivered the first judgment on the compatibility of facial recognition technology with human rights in Glukhin v. Russia. The case concerned the use of facial recognition technology (FRT) against Mr Glukhin following his solo demonstration in the Moscow underground. The Court unanimously found a violation of Article 8 (right to respect for private life) and Article 10 (freedom of expression) of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). Regarding FRT, the Court concluded that the use of highly intrusive technology is incompatible with the ideals and values of a democratic society governed by the rule of law. This case note analyses the judgment and shows its relevance in the current regulatory debate on Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems in Europe. Notwithstanding the importance of this decision, we argue that the Court has left crucial questions unanswered. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105857 SN - 0267-3649 VL - 50 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gruev, Ivo T1 - Responsive Judicial Review in Kelsenian Constitutional Courts: The Impeding Effects of Limited Standing and Formalism JF - Review of Central and East European Law N2 - This paper is concerned with the question of whether constitutional systems that have adopted the centralised, “Kelsenian”, model of judicial review, which is prevalent in Eastern Europe, can engage in “responsive judicial review” (Dixon, 2023). It focuses on two features that can be associated with the constitutional courts created in this region after the end of communism, which, the paper argues, can significantly hamper their capacity to identify and counter democratic blockages. These are: (1) their limited standing rules that prioritise the access of political bodies to constitutional courts, and (2) the latter’s commitment to formalism, which can prevent judges from engaging with the structural and contextual issues that are causing a democratic blockage. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/15730352-bja10085 SN - 0925-9880 VL - 48 IS - 3-4 SP - 426 EP - 444 PB - Brill ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Demir-Gürsel, Esra A1 - Theilen, Jens T. T1 - Framing Europe in Human Rights, Framing Human Rights in Europe: Authoritarianism, Migration, and Climate Change in the Council of Europe JF - ESIL Reflections KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 UR - https://esil-sedi.eu/esil-reflection-framing-europe-in-human-rights-framing-human-rights-in-europe-authoritarianism-migration-and-climate-change-in-the-council-of-europe/ VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Demir-Gürsel, Esra T1 - Silvia von Steinsdorff, Ece Göztepe, Maria Abad Andrade, and Felix Petersen. The Constitutional Court of Turkey – Between Legal and Political Reasoning. Baden-Baden, Nomos 2022, 720 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-8487-4632-3, € 149.–. JF - Zeitschrift für Rechtssoziologie KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zfrs-2023-1015 SN - 2366-0392 VL - 43 IS - 2 SP - 386 EP - 391 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auz, Juan T1 - The Political Ecology of Climate Remedies in Latin America and the Caribbean: Comparing Compliance between National and Inter-American Litigation JF - Journal of Human Rights Practice N2 - The climate crisis will continue to affect human and natural systems across Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Undoubtedly, this jeopardizes entire communities’ enjoyment of human rights. In that context, the Inter-American Human Rights System (IAHRS) is expected to respond, particularly since its organs have jurisdiction to order remedies over most LAC countries, provided they determine a rights violation. Despite the growing number of domestic human rights-based climate cases in the region, the organs of the IAHRS have yet to adjudicate and order remedies in a case concerning the climate crisis. Against this backdrop, this article inquires how to understand climate remedies from a political ecology perspective to capture the LAC climate litigation experience. Additionally, the article asks what the challenges of implementing such remedies may be. To answer these questions, first, it compares the remedial approaches of domestic courts in six finally decided climate-related cases with those of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) in ‘anti-extractivist’ cases. Second, it applies a political ecology lens to understand the elements that might hinder the implementation of the identified remedies. The article argues that the socioeconomic cost for States largely determines remedial compliance in domestic climate litigation and the IACtHR’s anti-extractivist litigation. Ultimately, the aim is to anticipate the future of climate remedies and their effectiveness at the IACtHR based on present climate litigation in LAC. KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huad057 SN - 1757-9627 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 182 EP - 207 PB - Oxford University Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baranowska, Grażyna T1 - Protecting the Good Name of the Nation as Memory Law JF - European Constitutional Law Review N2 - Memory laws – Protecting the good name of the nation – de facto memory laws – Prohibiting statements about the past – Article 301 of the Turkish Criminal Code – Protecting the good name of Poland and the Polish nation – Protecting the good name of the nation as de facto memory laws – Role of organisations in implementing the laws – Rule of law – Independence of the judiciary – European Court of Human Rights – Chilling effect – European memory politics KW - Centre for Fundamental Rights Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1574019623000214 SN - 1574-0196 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 623 EP - 641 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Welfens, Natalie ED - Scharrer, Tabea ED - Glorius, Birgit ED - Kleist, J. Olaf ED - Berlinghoff, Marcel T1 - Resettlement T2 - Flucht- und Flüchtlingsforschung: Handbuch für Wissenschaft und Studium Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783748921905 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748921905 SP - 489 EP - 496 PB - Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ziegler, Katja S. A1 - Volou, Aristi ED - Ziegler, Katja S. ED - Neuvonen, Päivi J. ED - Moreno-Lax, Violeta T1 - Human rights and general principles: beyond the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights T2 - Research Handbook on General Principles in EU Law N2 - This chapter discusses the dialectic relationship of general principles and the evolution of human rights in the EU legal order. Human (or fundamental) rights are of specific signifcance for general principles as an area of reference in a number of ways: in regard to the methodology of defining and identifying general principles; their link to constitutional values of the EU, the relationship between different sources of human rights in the EU; the relationship between unwritten general principles and a codified source; the specific, active and multidimensional dynamics of general principles in the context of fundamental rights; the relationship of general principles in the area of fundamental rights with their codification in the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights; and their possible continued relevance for courts in adjudicating human rights in the UK in post-Brexit. Y1 - 2022 SN - 9781784712389 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781784712389.00027 SP - 327 EP - 349 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Köybaşı, Serkan A1 - Turkut, Emre ED - Albert, Richard ED - Landau, David ED - Faraguna, Pietro ED - Drugda, Simon T1 - Turkey T2 - The I·CONnect-Clough Center 2019 Global Review of Constitutional Law Y1 - 2020 UR - https://ssrn.com/abstract=3736382 SN - 978-0-692-15916-3 SP - 358 EP - 362 PB - Clough Center for the Study of Constitutional Democracy ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Turkut, Emre ED - Czech, Philip ED - Heschl, Lisa ED - Lukas, Karin ED - Nowak, Manfred ED - Oberleitner, Gerd T1 - The Turkish Post-Coup Emergency and European Responses: Shortcomings in the European System Revisited T2 - European Yearbook on Human Rights 2022 N2 - This contribution takes Turkey’s use of the derogation mechanism in the aftermath of the failed military coup of 15 July 2016 as a springboard to critically address the operation and the fallacies of the contemporary European derogation regime. The assessment will reveal whether the European system of human rights protection has succeeded in adopting an adequate and viable approach that can counterbalance the increased leeway accorded to derogating states, and formulate safeguards to mitigate human rights abuses. The contribution concludes by providing a road map proposal for adequate oversight marked by rigorous scrutiny of derogation claims that can be described as a ‘consultation and cooperation process’. This process would place the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in a more active and operationally focused position to influence state decisions, to counterbalance the increased leeway accorded to derogating states, and to formulate safeguards to mitigate human rights abuses. Y1 - 2022 SN - 9781839703447 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/9781839703447.016 SP - 445 EP - 482 PB - Intersentia ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sherwood, Angela A1 - Lemay, Isabelle A1 - Costello, Cathryn ED - Bradley, Megan ED - Costello, Cathryn ED - Sherwood, Angela T1 - IOM’s Immigration Detention Practices and Policies: Human Rights, Positive Obligations and Humanitarian Duties T2 - IOM Unbound?: Obligations and Accountability of the International Organization for Migration in an Era of Expansion N2 - This chapter analyses IOM’s practices and policies on immigration detention from the 1990s to date, spanning a period of significant change in its approaches to detention. The chapter first distills pertinent international human rights law (IHRL) on migration-related detention, and then examines IOM’s normative statements concerning detention. It shows that while IOM generally emphasises international legal standards, it also tends to stress states’ ‘prerogative’ to detain, frame alternatives to detention (ATDs) as a desirable option rather than a legal obligation, and weave an operational role for itself, notably through assisted voluntary returns (AVRs). The chapter then interrogates IOM’s involvement in detention through four case studies. These reveal not only IOM’s changing role regarding detention, but its enduring part in a global system whereby powerful states and regions seek to contain protection seekers ‘elsewhere.’ The chapter concludes that, without constitutional and institutional change to ensure it meets its positive human rights obligations, and deeper critical reflection on its humanitarian duties, IOM’s practice risks expanding and legitimating detention. Y1 - 2023 SN - 9781009184175 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009184175.016 SP - 360 EP - 396 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welfens, Natalie A1 - Bonjour, Saskia T1 - Seeking Legitimacy Through Knowledge Production: The Politics of Monitoring and Evaluation of the EU Trust Fund for Africa JF - JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies N2 - Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is a form of expert knowledge that is central to migration governance. This article analyses M&E of the EU Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF), created in 2015 to ‘fight the root causes of migration’. Combining institutionalist accounts with practice theory, we examine whether M&E knowledge production served the instrumental purpose of assessing policy impact or mainly legitimated particular policy actors and positions. We find that M&E did not produce evidence on whether the EUTF met its objectives. However, in the context of the EU's multiple crises, M&E knowledge production served to seek legitimacy not only for the EUTF, but also for the further fusion of development and migration policies, and for the EU as a competent and transparent actor. Our analysis highlights that knowledge use and knowledge production are connected, and that M&E knowledge politics allow for the legitimation of both actors and policies. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13434 SN - 0021-9886 VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 951 EP - 969 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Turkut, Emre T1 - Emergency Powers, Constitutional (Self-)Restraint and Judicial Politics: the Turkish Constitutional Court During the COVID-19 Pandemic JF - Jus Cogens N2 - This paper investigates the Turkish Constitutional Court (TCC)’s treatment of legal challenges brought against Turkey’s legal responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on a detailed examination of the TCC’s institutional features, political origins and jurisprudential trajectory, and taking three politically salient judgments of the TCC concerning Turkey’s executive-dominated pandemic control as the point of departure, the paper argues that the TCC chose to exercise judicial restraint both in protecting fundamental rights and reviewing pandemic policies of the executive. It also argues that the TCC’s judicial restraint during the pandemic was simply the re-manifestation of its ‘play-it-safe’ strategy — a judicial stance the TCC willingly adopted in the aftermath of the 2016 attempted coup despite possessing strong constitutional powers of judicial review, and its established attitude of assertive scrutiny in the past. From a more theoretical perspective, the analysis also explores how the passive role to which the TCC is consigned in an increasingly authoritarian regime since the 2016 failed coup relates to the global phenomenon of judicialization of authoritarian politics. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42439-022-00064-7 SN - 2524-3977 VL - 4 SP - 263 EP - 284 ER - TY - THES A1 - Auz, Juan T1 - Dissecting the Inter-American Human Rights System in the Age of Climate Change N2 - This dissertation examines, from a socio-legal approach, the implications of the climate crisis on the adjudicative functions of the Inter-American Human Rights System (IAHRS). In particular, it focuses on three general aspects of the adjudicative building blocks: access to the climate litigation process, interpretation of the relevant legal norms, and the design and impact of the remedies awarded. To that end, this dissertation comprises six papers addressing one or more of said general aspects. The first paper is about accessing the phenomenon of climate litigation itself. Mapping the legal opportunity structures of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) reveals how human rights-based climate litigation is developing. The multiplication of cases and the inchoate successes are partly explained by the IAHRS’s legal standards in the applicant’s arguments. However, it contrasts such development by laying bare potential barriers arising from the region’s extractivist economies and hyper-presidential constitutional designs. The second and third papers situate the IAHRS in the scholarly descriptions of international human rights and environmental law. It argues that the IAHRS is a relatively progressive space for protecting human rights because of its constant interaction with marginalised communities in LAC. The resultant interpretation of human rights can be crucial in a climate litigation case in the IAHRS. However, filling in the details for the content of the right to a healthy environment and extraterritorial obligations is still pending. The fourth, fifth and sixth papers discuss the tensions between climate litigation and justice in Global South jurisdictions, such as LAC. They explore why climate justice dimensions might be at odds with the results of a successful climate ruling that orders a State to remedy a plaintiff when such a State did not contribute meaningfully to generating and perpetuating the climate crisis in the first place. This tension is transposed to the IAHRS while adding the difficulty of non-compliance with systemic remedial orders. The papers explore how the organs of the IAHRS could address these tensions and reimagine remedies for the climate crisis. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 08/2024 Y1 - 2024 N1 - List of publications: Auz, J. (2022). Human rights-based climate litigation: A Latin American cartography. Journal of Human Rights and the Environment, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.4337/jhre.2022.01.05 Auz, J. (2021). Situating the Inter-American Human Rights System in the Oscillation of International Law. Journal of Law and Political Economy, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.5070/LP62155395 Auz, J. (2021). ‘So, This Is Permanence’: The Inter-American Human Rights System as a Liminal Space for Climate Justice. Melbourne Journal of International Law, 22(2). https://law.unimelb.edu.au/mjil/issues/issue-archive/volume-222-2021 Auz, J. (2022). Two Reputed Allies: Reconciling Climate Justice and Litigation in the Global South. In C. Rodríguez-Garavito (Ed.), Litigating the Climate Emergency (pp. 145–156). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009106214.009 Auz, J. (2024). The Political Ecology of Climate Remedies in Latin America and the Caribbean: Comparing Compliance between National and Inter-American Litigation. Journal of Human Rights Practice, 16(1), 182–207. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huad057 Auz, J. (2023). Climate Crisis and the Testing of International Human Rights Remedies: Forecasting the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. In S. Maljean-Dubois & J. Peel (Eds.), Climate Change and the Testing of International Law / Le droit international au défi des changements climatiques. The Centre for Studies and Research in International Law and International Relations. Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/1875-8096_pplcdu_A9789004682399_13 N1 - shelf mark: 2024D008 + 2024D008+1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wriedt, Vera T1 - Rezension: The Prohibition of Collective Expulsion in International Law JF - Kritische Justiz Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0023-4834-2021-2-247 SN - 0023-4834 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 255 EP - 259 PB - Nomos Verlag ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Galand, Alexandre Skander T1 - The Nature of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (and its Amended Jurisdictional Scheme) JF - Journal of International Criminal Justice N2 - This article shows that in the 20 years following the adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court its nature has surfed on three waves. Building upon the Court’s case law on the principle of legality and the immunity of state officials from non-party states, it shows that the Statute was initially conceived to be of universal nature, transcending the interests of all states. However, following a series of pushbacks, the Court revised this case law to rightly acknowledge that its Statute is first of all a multilateral treaty regulating the conduct committed in the territory and by nationals of its states parties. Yet, this second wave maintained the potential for the Statute to be universally applicable when the Court’s jurisdiction is based on ad hoc declarations of acceptance or Security Council referrals. However, the journey to amend the Statute to define the crime of aggression and new war crimes might have made the prospects for universal application dependent upon universal ratification. This article argues that this third wave certainly evinces a novel shift towards state consent, but that direct and indirect forms of consent can still premise the Court’s jurisdiction over situations concerning states which have not ratified the Statute or its amendments. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqz051 SN - 1478-1387 VL - 17 IS - 5 SP - 933 EP - 956 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auz Vaca, Juan T1 - La Crisis Climática y sus impactos en los Derechos: una Mirada en Clave Latinoamericana JF - Justicia Ambiental Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.revistajusticiaambiental.cl/2020/01/07/numero-11-2019/ SN - 0718-736x IS - 11 SP - 41 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN ED - De Abreu Duarte, Francisco ED - Palmiotto Ettorre, Francesca T1 - Sovereignty, Technology and Governance after COVID-19: Legal Challenges in a Post-Pandemic Europe N2 - This book imagines how Europe might re-organise and re-group after the COVID-19 crisis by assessing its effectiveness when responding to it. For this purpose, it directs its focus on: i) sovereignty challenges; ii) technological challenges and iii) governance challenges. These three challenges do not present hermetic legal problems, they intersect and connect on many levels. The book shows this by examining the relationship between public and private power, and illustrating how the rise of technocratic authority is deeply connected to the choice of technological solutions. It illustrates how constitutional decisions taken during states of emergency give rise to private governance challenges related to cybersecurity and data protection. Experts from the fields of EU governance, data protection, and technology explore these questions to provide answers to how the EU might develop in the future. Y1 - 2022 SN - 9781509955985 PB - Bloomsbury Publishing ER - TY - BOOK ED - Bradley, Megan ED - Costello, Cathryn ED - Sherwood, Angela T1 - IOM Unbound? Obligations and Accountability of the International Organization for Migration in an Era of Expansion N2 - It is an era of expansion for the International Organization for Migration (IOM), an increasingly influential actor in the global governance of migration. Bringing together leading experts in international law and international relations, this collection examines the dynamics and implications of IOM's expansion in a new way. Analyzing IOM as an international organization (IO), the book illuminates the practices, obligations and accountability of this powerful but controversial actor, advancing understanding of IOM itself and broader struggles for IO accountability. The contributions explore key, yet often under-researched, IOM activities including its role in humanitarian emergencies, internal displacement, data collection, ethical labour recruitment, and migrant detention. Offering recommendations for reforms rooted in empirical evidence and careful normative analysis, this is a vital resource for all those interested in the obligations and accountability of international organizations, and in the field of migration. Y1 - 2023 SN - 9781009184175 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009184175 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - THES A1 - Kleinaltenkamp, Moritz J. T1 - The Future Is Now: Non-Linear Temporality in Blockchain Organizing N2 - This cumulative dissertation advances management scholarship by studying the novel phenomenon of Blockchain organizing. Blockchain is an emerging technology that facilitates the maintenance of data across networks of computers, as opposed to more traditional central servers. These distributed data maintenance capabilities may have wide-ranging consequences. Ever since Blockchain’s inception in 2008, a discourse identifying this technology as an enabler of radically new and decentralized modes of collective and societal coordination has gained traction. “Blockchain organizing” refers to practices in which such Blockchain technology artefacts are being developed, implemented, and/or utilized by organizations. Studying these practices presents a unique opportunity to further management scholarship; particularly subjective time research following the neo-institutional tradition. Blockchain is not only an emerging technology associated with significant future expectations, but further a meta-organizational technology whose very raison d'être is the transformation of entrenched organizational structures. When organizational actors develop, implement, and/or utilize Blockchain technology, bureaucratic ways of organizing that have been established in the past and continue to be legitimized in the present may become reevaluated in light of bold visions for an organizational and societal future that looks radically different. The dissertation at hand utilizes this Blockchain context as an exemplary case to develop theory on how transformative future visions and expectations associated with emerging technologies may become instantiated within the present, and conceptualizes this phenomenon as “present-future convergence”. Developed based on a field-level pilot study that led to an 18-month ethnographic engagement with one Blockchain start-up, the three papers gathered in the dissertation utilize an interpretivist approach to explain how present-future convergence is rooted in conjoined processes of intra- and inter-subjective temporal experience. Furthermore, the papers highlight the counterintuitive consequences that present-future convergence may have for processes of technological, organizational, and societal change. In doing so, the dissertation opens promising research avenues at the intersection of temporality, performativity, and sociomateriality, and contributes to scholarly understanding of Blockchain organizing. Practically speaking, the dissertation helps answer the question of how actors may “pull” the future into the present to realize transformative future visions like those associated with emerging technologies. Y1 - 2022 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54871 N1 - The second paper of the dissertation is currently under review at a journal. To protect the blind peer review process, the paper has been taken temporarily offline. This document temporarily replaces the original dissertation (Serial No. 10/2022): https://doi.org/10.48462/opus4-4498 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Anheier, Helmut K. A1 - Toepler, Stefan ED - Renz, David O. ED - Brown, William A. ED - Andersson, Fredrik O. T1 - The Changing Context of Nonprofit Management: Broad Trends and Policy Challenges T2 - The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-1-394-19887-0 SP - 7 EP - 29 PB - Jossey-Bass ET - 5th ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Jansen, Jannik A1 - Nguyen, Thu T1 - Between Continuity and a Perforated 'Cordon Sanitaire' - On the 2024 European Elections N2 - Between 6-9 July 2024, the 720 members of the European Parliament were elected across 27 Member States. While the elections have not led to a landslide shift to the right, there is a notable consolidation of far-right parties at the European level. Still, the pro-European centre is holding firm and maintains a majority. In this Policy Brief, Jannik Jansen and Thu Nguyen argue that the results likely indicate by-and-large continuity in the European Parliament, including an ongoing shift to the right on contested issues due to a perforated ‘cordon sanitaire’. But the election results had heavily disruptive consequences on the national level, which in France has triggered snap parliamentary elections. This will have pronounced impact on the balance of power in the (European) Council and on the EU as a whole. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/between-continuity-and-a-perforated-cordon-sanitaire ER - TY - THES A1 - Daub, Sara T1 - External Diaspora Sponsorship to Rebel Organizations. Causes and Consequences N2 - While intrastate conflicts remain the dominant form of armed conflict and migration receives increasing attention, the international dimension of civil wars, particularly non-state sponsorship, has largely been overlooked. This dissertation examines the phenomenon of diasporas as external sponsors in intrastate conflicts. It investigates: (1) Why do diasporas support rebel organizations? (2) Under what conditions is diaspora support more or less likely? (3) How does diaspora sponsorship of rebel organizations impact civilian victimization and rebel governance? To understand the logic of diaspora support, I employ a principal-agent framework. Conflict, rebel group, diaspora, and homeland characteristics are determinants of diaspora sponsorship. I argue that diasporas aim for kin support and changes in the homeland and consequently prefer limited violence against civilians and co-ethnic civilians. Diasporas benefit from delegating the task of combat and limited civilian victimization but risk agency slack. Concurrently, the rebel organization gains additional resources but loses autonomy. I introduce an information-sharing mechanism between co-ethnics in the conflict zone and the diaspora, which enhances the monitoring capability of the diaspora. I employ a mixed-methods approach to answer the research questions. Interviews conducted in the Washington DC area with members of various diasporas and experts provide evidence for the information-sharing between the diaspora and co-ethnics. I produced a unique data set on diaspora support for African and Asian intrastate conflicts between 1989 and 2014. Findings from multiple large-N analyses, utilizing extreme bounds analysis, logistic regression, and negative binomial analyses, serve as the empirical base for examining the causes and consequences of diaspora sponsorship to rebel organizations. I demonstrate that conflict and rebel group characteristics are strong determinants of diaspora sponsorship, while homeland and diaspora characteristics yield mixed results. Diaspora support significantly reduces the number of civilian killings. The impacts on ethnic violence and rebel governance are heterogeneous. Overall, this dissertation enriches our understanding of diasporas’ roles as external actors in conflict dynamics and as non-state sponsors for rebel organizations. It opens further avenues for researching civilian-rebel relationships and host country-homeland dynamics. Policy discussions may follow around monitoring of sponsorship activities and the responsibilities of host countries. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 07/2024 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54847 N1 - Shelf mark: 2024D007 + 2024D007+1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knudsen, Edward L. T1 - Stable or stagnant? Political economy and governance in the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Germany since 2000 JF - Global Policy N2 - At the beginning of the twenty‐first century, the large democracies of Western Europe experienced some of the most prosperous and peaceful decades in human history. Specifically, the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Germany experienced high and stable quality of life, democratic accountability and state capacity between 2000 and 2019, according to the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index. While all four of these countries are among the top performers in the Index, substantial problems lurk beneath the surface. Notably, each failed to capitalise on the low interest rate environment in the decade following the global financial crisis of 2007–2009—albeit in different ways and for different reasons in each country. In particular, low investment in infrastructure and key technologies, the persistence of stubborn regional inequalities, and resulting sluggish GDP growth have prevented the ‘Big Four’ in Western Europe from improving further and future‐proofing their existing gains. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13271 SN - 1758-5880 VL - 14 IS - S4 SP - 90 EP - 103 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knudsen, Edward L. T1 - Escape from the ‘lost decades?’ Governance challenges in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela JF - Global Policy N2 - Much of Latin America has experienced a renewed ‘lost decade’, failing to substantially expand quality of life since the late 2000s. While the outcomes of governance performance across the largest countries – including Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina – have discrete causes, common themes like internal conflict, corruption, and overreliance on natural resources plague the entire region. Put more generally, the inability to turn democratic accountability into a state mechanism able to deliver economic growth and public goods in a sustainable manner is a liability affecting all five countries. To explore the difficulties that the large Latin American countries have faced in the twenty‐first century, this article examines results from the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index, and then presents three key issues facing the region: insufficient state capacity, flirtations with authoritarianism, and economic inequality and inflation. While the challenges remain substantial, increased regional integration may offer one way out of the predicament. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13279 SN - 1758-5880 VL - 14 IS - S4 SP - 113 EP - 123 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knudsen, Edward L. T1 - A falling star? Origins of declining state capacity and democratic accountability in the United States JF - Global Policy N2 - AbstractThe United States—often hailed as the ‘oldest democracy in the world’ and the ‘leader of the free world’—has fallen on hard times. In addition to recent headline‐grabbing political events that have highlighted its political dysfunction, data from the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index (BGI) reveal that overall state capacity and democratic accountability have been declining for years. Although public goods provision has remained on a steady course, the US still trails much of the developed world. We find this struggling performance is largely the result of neglecting three types of infrastructure: civic, physical and social. Specifically, we argue that the crisis became particularly pronounced due to an insufficient response to the 2008 global financial crisis. Although some recent political achievements could slow the decline, more drastic action will be required to reverse these troubling trends. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13282 SN - 1758-5880 VL - 14 IS - S4 SP - 47 EP - 57 PB - Wiley ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Jäger, Philipp T1 - Almost a free lunch: Boosting investment predictability for the Green Deal N2 - Implementing the EU Green Deal requires annual investments of about €620 billion, most of which will have to be shouldered by the private sector. However, businesses and households are not investing enough as of now. An important lever for greater green investment is reducing uncertainty around such investment. At the start of the next institutional cycle, the EU should hence improve regulatory certainty for green investments, which should be palatable to most parties likely to form a majority in the Parliament. In addition, the EU should adopt concrete tools that reduce cost uncertainty for companies and households in a pragmatic manner. To this end, this policy position recommends using green lead markets and proposes moves to explore two novel mechanisms that cost taxpayers little to nothing but should boost green investments. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/boosting-investment-predictability-for-the-green-deal ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Edenhofer, Jacob A1 - Zwar, Claudia T1 - Eine vertane Chance, aber keine Katastrophe: Die Novelle des Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetzes T2 - Verfassungsblog Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59704/2c0758cc33ed9dc3 N1 - This publication is also available in English: Flachsland, C., Edenhofer, J., & Zwar, C. (2024). Not a Disaster, but a Missed Opportunity: The Amendment to the Federal Climate Protection Act. Verfassungsblog. https://verfassungsblog.de/german-federal-climate-protection-act/ IS - 2024/05/06 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Hunold, Matthias A1 - Petrishcheva, Vasilisa T1 - Foreclosure and Profit Shifting with Partial Vertical Ownership T2 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers N2 - We demonstrate how the incentives of firms that partially own their suppliers or customers to foreclose rivals depend on how the partial owner can extract profits from the target. Compared to a fully vertically integrated firm, a partial owner may obtain only a share of the target’s profit but influence the target’s strategy significantly. We show that the incentives for customer and input foreclosure can be higher, equal, or even lower with partial ownership than with a vertical merger, depending on how the protection of minority shareholders and transfer price regulations affect the scope for profit extraction. T3 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers - 41 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54774 UR - https://berlinschoolofeconomics.de/insights/discussion-papers ET - No. 41 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Leichthammer, Arthur T1 - Mining for Tomorrow: The strategic importance of critical raw materials for Europe’s industry N2 - Arthur Leichthammer, Geoeconomics Policy Fellow at the Jacques Delors Centre, argues that the EU needs a strategic rethink to safeguard its critical raw materials supplies as global competition intensifies. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/mining-for-tomorrow ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Quaritsch, Luise T1 - Political Advertising in the 2024 European elections - Between Europeanisation and the protection of electoral integrity online N2 - Election campaigns are increasingly conducted online. Social media platforms in particular shape political discourse and facilitate new ways of delivering political messages. This was initially considered a boon for democracy, but opaque manipulation tactics quickly turned it into a threat to fair and transparent elections. National regulatory frameworks have often proved to be inadequate for online campaigns and the transnational nature of European elections. The EU has reacted to this with a regulation on political advertising. The initiative facilitates transnational campaigning online and aims to protect the integrity of European elections. The 2024 European elections will be the first time EU rules operate in this area, putting these to the test. This election cycle will indicate whether political actors are striking out for more cross-border campaigns and whether they suffice to protect European elections. Critical here is how online platforms implement the new rules and how transparent they are about campaign-related posts on their sites. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/political-advertising-in-the-2024-european-elections ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Shahini, Besa T1 - Towards Enlargement - How to Rebuild Trust in the EU Accession Process N2 - EU enlargement has historically fostered economic growth and political stability. In the Western Balkans, however, the process has stalled for many years due to the myriad crises afflicting the EU and failure to deliver reforms in the Western Balkans. This policy brief examines the evolution of the EU accession process, the challenges faced by candidate countries, and the need for a revitalized approach that builds reforms into the accession process rather than keep them a precondition for kickstarting it. It calls for the EU to remove bilateral disputes from the process and open accession talks with all candidate countries in all areas covered by the acquis, ensuring that all candidate countries have a fair chance based on their merits. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/towards-enlargement-how-to-rebuild-trust-in-the-eu-accession-process ER - TY - THES A1 - Lohse, Anna Prisca T1 - Higher Education in an Age of Disruption: Comparing European Internationalisation Policies N2 - This book investigates European higher education internationalisation policies during a period marked by extreme upheaval due to Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic. Situating her analysis at the intersection of higher education research and policy studies, the author combines historical and sociological institutionalism to investigate how this time of disruption impacted higher education policies in England, France and Germany. Based on extensive qualitative data derived from expert interviews and document analysis, the study offers timely insights into dynamics of institutional change and stability in higher education governance, as well as implications for the future of cross-border education and internationalisation. The book will appeal to academics and students interested in education policy and the internationalisation of higher education. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 06/2024 Y1 - 2024 SN - 9783031579110 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57912-7 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hirth, Lion A1 - Khanna, Tarun M. A1 - Ruhnau, Oliver T1 - How aggregate electricity demand responds to hourly wholesale price fluctuations JF - Energy Economics N2 - Electricity needs to be consumed at the very moment of production, leading wholesale prices to fluctuate widely at (sub-)hourly time scales. This article investigates the response of aggregate electricity demand to such price variations. Using wind energy as an instrument, we estimate a significant and robust short-term price elasticity of about −0.05 in Germany and attribute this to industrial consumers. As the share of consumption that is exposed to real-time prices (currently less than 25%) expands, we expect the aggregated price elasticity to grow. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107652 SN - 0140-9883 VL - 135 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Schmauck, Sarah A1 - Mika, Tatjana ED - Karger-Kroll, Anna ED - Schäfers, Lars T1 - Der Wandel der Lebensformen und seine Bedeutung für die Alterssicherung in Deutschland T2 - Gerechte Rente: Sozialethische Perspektiven einer interdisziplinären Sondierung der Alterssicherung Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.nomos-shop.de/nomos/titel/gerechte-rente-id-119795/ SN - 978-3-7560-1712-6 PB - Nomos ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Allcott, Hunt A1 - Gentzkow, Matthew A1 - Mason, Winter A1 - Wilkins, Arjun A1 - Barberá, Pablo A1 - Brown, Taylor A1 - Cisneros, Juan Carlos A1 - Crespo-Tenorio, Adriana A1 - Dimmery, Drew A1 - Freelon, Deen A1 - González-Bailón, Sandra A1 - Guess, Andrew M. A1 - Kim, Young Mie A1 - Lazer, David A1 - Malhotra, Neil A1 - Moehler, Devra A1 - Nair-Desai, Sameer A1 - Nait El Barj, Houda A1 - Nyhan, Brendan A1 - Paixao de Queiroz, Ana Carolina A1 - Pan, Jennifer A1 - Settle, Jaime A1 - Thorson, Emily A1 - Tromble, Rebekah A1 - Velasco Rivera, Carlos A1 - Wittenbrink, Benjamin A1 - Wojcieszak, Magdalena A1 - Zahedian, Saam A1 - Franco, Annie A1 - Kiewiet de Jonge, Chad A1 - Stroud, Natalie Jomini A1 - Tucker, Joshua A. T1 - The effects of Facebook and Instagram on the 2020 election: A deactivation experiment JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences N2 - We study the effect of Facebook and Instagram access on political beliefs, attitudes, and behavior by randomizing a subset of 19,857 Facebook users and 15,585 Instagram users to deactivate their accounts for 6 wk before the 2020 U.S. election. We report four key findings. First, both Facebook and Instagram deactivation reduced an index of political participation (driven mainly by reduced participation online). Second, Facebook deactivation had no significant effect on an index of knowledge, but secondary analyses suggest that it reduced knowledge of general news while possibly also decreasing belief in misinformation circulating online. Third, Facebook deactivation may have reduced self-reported net votes for Trump, though this effect does not meet our preregistered significance threshold. Finally, the effects of both Facebook and Instagram deactivation on affective and issue polarization, perceived legitimacy of the election, candidate favorability, and voter turnout were all precisely estimated and close to zero. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2321584121 VL - 121 IS - 21 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Stiewe, Clemens A1 - Xu, Alice Lixuan A1 - Eicke, Anselm A1 - Hirth, Lion T1 - Cross-border cannibalization: Spillover effects of wind and solar energy on interconnected European electricity markets N2 - The average revenue, or market value, of wind and solar energy tends to fall with increasing market shares, as is now evident across European electricity markets. At the same time, these markets have become more interconnected. In this paper, we empirically study the multiple cross-border effects on the value of renewable energy: on one hand, interconnection is a flexibility resource that allows to export energy when it is locally abundant, benefitting renewables. On the other hand, wind and solar radiation are correlated across space, so neighboring supply adds to the local one to depress domestic prices. We estimate both effects, using spatial panel regression on electricity market data from 2015 to 2023 from 30 European bidding zones. We find that domestic wind and solar value is not only depressed by domestic, but also by neighboring renewables expansion. The better interconnected a market is, the smaller the effect of domestic but the larger the effect of neighboring renewables. While wind value is stabilized by interconnection, solar value is not. If wind market share increases both at home and in neighboring markets by one percentage point, the value factor of wind energy is reduced by just above 1 percentage points. For solar, this number is almost 4 percentage points. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.17166 PB - arXiv ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Lindemann, Korinna A1 - Stoetzer, Lukas F. T1 - The Effect of Televised Candidate Debates on the Support for Political Parties N2 - During campaigns for legislative elections, a large portion of the general public follows televised debates between the front-running candidates. How can the candidates use the public interest in the debates to increase the support for their party? In this article, we argue that especially challenger candidates can improve the public perception of their valence qualities, such as personal integrity, leadership, and competence, and can - as a result - improve the support of their parties. We expect the perceived policy stances of the candidates to matter less, as parties often already have well-defined policy profiles that matter to voters. Building on televised debate experiments during the German Federal Elections of 2009 and 2013, we analyse the effect of the debates on party vote and in how far this relationship is mediated by changes in valence and policy evaluations of the candidates. Results show that changes of candidate valence, but not changes in policy perceptions, of the social-democratic front-running candidates mediate the vote intention for the party. Respondents who perceived the candidates more competent, empathetic and have integrity as a result of the debate are more likely to vote for their party. Our analysis further reveals, however, that this valence effect does not carry-over to vote intention briefly before the election. Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54385 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barron, Kai A1 - Ditlmann, Ruth K. A1 - Gehrig, Stefan A1 - Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian T1 - Explicit and Implicit Belief-Based Gender Discrimination: A Hiring Experiment JF - Management Science N2 - This paper studies a key element of discrimination, namely, when stereotypes translate into discriminatory actions. Using a hiring experiment, we rule out taste-based discrimination by design and test for the presence of two types of belief-based gender discrimination. We document evidence of explicit discriminators—individuals who are willing to discriminate even when their hiring choices are highly revealing of their gender-biased beliefs. Crucially, we also identify implicit discriminators—individuals who do not discriminate against women when taking a discriminatory action is highly revealing of their biased beliefs, but do discriminate against women when their biased motive is obscured. Our analysis highlights the central role played by features of the choice environment in determining whether and how discrimination will manifest. We conclude by discussing the implications for policy design. KW - discrimination, hiring decisions, gender, beliefs, experiment, aversive sexism Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01229 SN - 0025-1909 (print) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dessy, Elodie A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Xhauflair, Virginie T1 - Organizational diversity of social-mission platforms: Advancing a configurational research agenda JF - Information and Organization N2 - Social-mission platforms (SMPs), or platforms that facilitate the interactions between stakeholders across sectors and help them exchange resources to make progress on social and environmental problems, have emerged on a global scale. However, despite their prevalence, little is known about how SMPs organize to orchestrate collective efforts of social innovation. Taking stock of information systems and organizational literature on platforms, we identify four dimensions inherent in platform organizing (i.e., identity, boundary, governance, and technology). We then analyze three case studies to interrogate how these organizing dimensions manifest in SMPs. As a result, we offer a conceptual framework highlighting the trade-offs SMPs face, specifying the design choices they can make, and exposing the interdependences between dimensions. We further illustrate how these interdependences inform a configurational perspective of SMPs and suggest avenues to advance a configurational research agenda to deepen understanding of SMPs as effective vehicles to address Grand Challenges. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2024.100514. SN - 1471-7727 VL - 34 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alonso-Perez, Enrique A1 - Heisig, Jan Paul A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Gellert, Paul A1 - O’Sullivan, Julie Lorraine T1 - Intersectional inequalities in the transition to grandparenthood and cognitive functioning: A longitudinal Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) JF - The Journals of Gerontology: Series B N2 - Objectives In aging societies, more people become vulnerable to experiencing cognitive decline. Simultaneously, the role of grandparenthood is central for older adults and their families. Our study investigates inequalities in the level and trajectories of cognitive functioning among older adults, focusing on possible intersectional effects of social determinants and grandparenthood as a life course transition that may contribute to delaying cognitive decline. Methods Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we analyzed a sample of 19,953 individuals aged 50-85 without grandchildren at baseline. We applied Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy to investigate variation in cognitive functioning across 48 intersectional strata, defined by sex/gender, migration, education, and occupation. We allowed the impact of becoming a grandparent on cognitive functioning trajectories to vary across strata by including random slopes. Results Intersectional strata accounted for 17.43% of the overall variance in cognitive functioning, with most of the stratum-level variation explained by additive effects of the stratum-defining characteristics. Transition to grandparenthood was associated with higher cognitive functioning, showing a stronger effect for women. Stratum-level variation in the grandparenthood effect was modest, especially after accounting for interactions between grandparenthood and the stratum-defining variables. Discussion This study highlights the importance of social determinants for understanding heterogeneities in older adults’ level of cognitive functioning and its association with the transition to grandparenthood. Cumulative disadvantages negatively affect cognitive functioning, hence adopting an intersectional lens is useful to decompose inequalities and derive tailored interventions to promote equal healthy aging. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbae088 ER - TY - THES A1 - Jerg, Lukas T1 - New forms of economic risk and political attitudes: Analyzing the influence of technological change and financialization in housing on political attitudes. Examining the effect of personality on the prevalence and persistence of atypical employment. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 05/2024 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53927 N1 - Shelf mark: 2024D005 + 2024D005+1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Döbbeling-Hildebrandt, Niklas A1 - Miersch, Klaas A1 - Khanna, Tarun M. A1 - Bachelet, Marion A1 - Bruns, Stephan B. A1 - Callaghan, Max A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Forster, Piers M. A1 - Kalkuhl, Matthias A1 - Koch, Nicolas A1 - Lamb, William F. A1 - Ohlendorf, Nils A1 - Steckel, Jan Christoph A1 - Minx, Jan C. T1 - Systematic review and meta-analysis of ex-post evaluations on the effectiveness of carbon pricing JF - Nature Communications N2 - Today, more than 70 carbon pricing schemes have been implemented around the globe, but their contributions to emissions reductions remains a subject of heated debate in science and policy. Here we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing emissions using a rigorous, machine-learning assisted systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 483 effect sizes extracted from 80 causal ex-post evaluations across 21 carbon pricing schemes, we find that introducing a carbon price has yielded immediate and substantial emission reductions for at least 17 of these policies, despite the low level of prices in most instances. Statistically significant emissions reductions range between –5% to –21% across the schemes (–4% to –15% after correcting for publication bias). Our study highlights critical evidence gaps with regard to dozens of unevaluated carbon pricing schemes and the price elasticity of emissions reductions. More rigorous synthesis of carbon pricing and other climate policies is required across a range of outcomes to advance our understanding of “what works” and accelerate learning on climate solutions in science and policy. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48512-w SN - 2041-1723 VL - 15 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - THES A1 - Sorg, Alexander T1 - Understanding Foreign Deployed Nuclear Weapons N2 - This dissertation delves into the complex dynamics of U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. Scholarly work on nuclear weapons has predominantly focused on strategic forces. However, many escalation scenarios foresee the use of tactical nuclear weapons as a precursor, which could eventually lead to an all-out nuclear war. These are exactly the weapons that the United States has deployed across the world, and we know little about their strategic causes and consequences. My study addresses this gap in the literature. The first part of this dissertation investigates the causes of U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. It emphasizes the importance of assurance, which has commonly been neglected or subsumed under non-proliferation. Through a comprehensive conceptualization, I distinguish assurance from other strategies of interstate interaction, explaining how the U.S. uses nuclear weapon deployments to assure allies and maintain its sphere of influence. Utilizing an original dataset, I find evidence that largely confirms my assurance hypotheses. With regard to alternative explanations, the power projection hypotheses are supported, but the extended deterrence hypotheses are not. These results contribute to the underdeveloped literature on assurance and provide valuable insights into the strategic considerations underlying U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. The second part, which is co-authored with Julian Wucherpfennig, examines the consequences of U.S. military deployments, both conventional and nuclear. The theory of free-riding in military alliances postulates that member states piggyback on security commitments by guardian states. We argue that free-riding critically implies that foreign military deployments positively affect subjective feelings of security – in other words: that they assure. In contrast, if citizens hold skeptical views of the guardian or do not subscribe to the (extended) deterrence logic, they might experience an increase in threat perception. We investigate how foreign military deployments impact attitudes toward defense policies in host states through an observational data analysis and a survey experiment. While nuclear and conventional troop deployments decrease citizens’ subjective need for defense, they do not necessarily increase their sense of protection, challenging the logic of free-riding. Taken together, my findings suggest a mismatch between objectives and outcomes. While I find evidence that nuclear weapons are deployed to assure allies, this aim does not appear to be effective at the micro-level. T3 - Dissertations submitted to the Hertie School - 04/2024 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-50862 N1 - Shelf mark: 2024D004 + 2024D004+1 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Edmondson, Duncan A1 - Krafft, Oskar A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - van Ballegooy, Christian T1 - Governance capacities in reflexive climate policymaking: the scope, role, and institutional arrangements of policy mix evaluation in the German domestic buildings sector N2 - Residential buildings directly contribute 11% to local greenhouse gas emissions and up to 40% of total emissions when accounting for energy use for electricity generation. In order to achieve the climate targets in line with the Federal Climate Protection Act, increased ambition level of climate policy instruments is required in this sector. In this research, we are interested in the governance of this sector and the role of evaluation: the government-mandated processes used to evaluate policy in terms of the actors, organisations and ministries involved in executing and coordinating these processes; and the metrics and methods as well as the scope and granularity of evaluations. The report follows a mixed methods research design, utilising multiple sources of primary data for triangulation. We combine 14 expert interviews with content analysis of published reports to investigate the quality and scope of the current evaluation procedures in place. Building on institutional and evaluation literatures, the research offers an enhanced understanding of the content, scope and processes of ex-post evaluation of policy instruments. KW - ARIADNE Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ariadneprojekt.de/en/publication/governance-capacities-in-reflexive-climate-policymaking-the-scope-role-and-institutional-arrangements-of-policy-mix-evaluation-in-the-german-domestic-buildings-sector/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.48485/pik.2023.011 PB - Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne CY - Potsdam ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Fritzsche, Miriam T1 - De-industrialization, local joblessness and the male-female employment gap T2 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers N2 - Across industrialized countries, regional disparities in labor market outcomes and income have increased in recent decades. This paper investigates how one of the largest localized labor demand shocks tied to the beginning of de-industrialization- the decline of the mining industry between 1960 and 2010 - affects labor market outcomes in the long run. The analysis relies on a new panel data set based on digitized census records from Belgium, France, the UK, and Germany that allows to trace labor market adjustments over 60 years for the male and female working-age population separately. For the causal estimation, I use an IV-shift share approach that exploits exogenous variation in the shifts induced by increased seaborne trade of energy substitutes and the share given by geological rock strata to predict mining activity. The male population disproportionately suffered under this (early) de-industrialization shock and the subsequent job loss. For the male population, the employment-population ratio has not yet recovered resulting in persistent local joblessness. In contrast, the female working-age population experienced a strong catch-up in employment and participation. I find that at the aggregate level, a substantial, albeit time-lagged population response paired with a strong increase in female participation rates fully compensate for the loss of male jobs over the decades. As a consequence, the male-female employment gap shrinks over time. T3 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers - 40 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54270 UR - https://berlinschoolofeconomics.de/insights/discussion-papers ET - No. 40 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Barron, Kai A1 - Fries, Tilman T1 - Narrative Persuasion T2 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers N2 - We study how one person may shape the way another person interprets objective information. They do this by proposing a sense-making explanation (or narrative). Using a theory-driven experiment, we investigate the mechanics of such narrative persuasion. Our results reveal several insights. First, narratives are persuasive: We find that they systematically shift beliefs. Second, narrative fit (coherence with the facts) is a key determinant of persuasiveness. Third, this fit-heuristic is anticipated by narrative-senders, who systematically tailor their narratives to the facts. Fourth, the features of a competing narrative predictably influence both narrative construction and adoption. T3 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers - 39 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54266 UR - https://berlinschoolofeconomics.de/insights/discussion-papers ET - No. 39 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kölle, Felix A1 - Quercia, Simone A1 - Tripodi, Egon T1 - Social Preferences under the Shadow of the Future N2 - Social interactions predominantly take place under the shadow of the future. Previous literature explains cooperation in indefinitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma as predominantly driven by self-interested strategic considerations. This paper provides a causal test of the importance of social preferences for cooperation, varying the composition of interactions to be either homogeneous or heterogeneous in terms of these preferences. Through a series of pre-registered experiments (N = 1,074), we show that groups of prosocial individuals achieve substantially higher levels of cooperation. The cooperation gap between prosocial and selfish groups persists even when the shadow of the future is increased to make cooperation attractive for the selfish and when common knowledge about group composition is removed. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4506320 ET - CESifo Working Paper No. 10534 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Roth, Christopher A1 - Schwardmann, Peter A1 - Tripodi, Egon T1 - Depression Stigma N2 - Throughout history, people with mental illness have been discriminated against and stigmatized. Our experiment provides a new measure of perceived depression stigma and then investigates the causal effect of perceived stigma on help-seeking in a sample of 1,844 Americans suffering from depression. A large majority of our participants overestimate the extent of stigma associated with depression. In contrast to prior correlational evidence, lowering perceived social stigma through an information intervention leads to a reduction in the demand for psychotherapy. A mechanism experiment reveals that this information increases optimism about future mental health, thereby reducing the perceived need for therapy. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4772585 ET - CESifo Working Paper No. 11012 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hustedt, Thurid ED - Henningsen, Bernd T1 - Die Verwaltungssysteme T2 - Nordeuropa: Handbuch für Wissenschaft und Studium Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-8487-8699-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748930914-253 SP - 253 EP - 261 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Stellungnahme zum Diskussionsvorschlag "Ein faires Unterhaltsrecht für Trennungsfamilien: Eckpunkte des Bundesministeriums der Justiz zur Modernisierung des Unterhaltsrechts" Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.bmfsfj.de/bmfsfj/ministerium/behoerden-beauftragte-beiraete-gremien/beirat-familienfragen PB - Wissenschaftlicher Beirat für Familienfragen beim Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Miraldo, Marisa A1 - Sassi, Franco A1 - Shaikh, Mujaheed A1 - Simmons, Bryony A1 - Vrinten, Charlotte T1 - The development and market launch of orphan drugs from 1980 – 2019: a quantitative analysis Y1 - 2021 UR - https://download2.eurordis.org/rare2030/deliverables/D5.3%20R%26D%20and%20market%20launch%20of%20orphan%20drugs.pdf PB - Rare2030 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Sharmam, Vaishnavi A1 - Shekar, Kamesh A1 - Rizvi, Kazim A1 - Ananth, Pavan A1 - Chhetri, Deepshika A1 - Shaikh, Mujaheed T1 - Exchange of Knowledge Across the Lifecycle of Digital Health Initiatives: A Cooperative Knowledge Transfer Between India and the EU N2 - The European Union (“EU”) and India, two of the most significant jurisdictions in the world, are in the process of introducing transformative legal and policy instruments that seek to leverage digital technologies for health. On 15 August 2020, India unveiled its National Digital Health Mission policy - later rolled out as the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (“ABDM”) - that seeks to create an open, interoperable digital health ecosystem in the country, enabling various digital health systems to engage with each other and empower individuals to be in control of their health data. On the other hand, on 3rd May 2022, the EU released a proposal for a regulation for a European Health Data Space (“EHDS”) to address health-specific challenges to electronic health data access and sharing and create a common space where natural persons can easily control their electronic health data. However, considering these jurisdictions' geographical, cultural, and historical dispositions, various concerns emerge that may cause hindrance to these projects. While the EU has demonstrated its highlyadvanced approach towards policy-making in data-relevant domains, including health, India has showcased its efficiency and experience in scaling data systems and making them interoperable. Accordingly, this research paper highlights certain specific policy- and implementation-level concerns that both jurisdictions need to pay heed to while going ahead with their respective projects. Additionally, after studying the various digital healthcare ecosystems in these jurisdictions, the paper makes certain recommendations to work towards a seamless design, development, deployment, and operation of the frameworks. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://euindiathinktanks.in/2024/publications/a-cooperative-knowledge-transfer-between-india-and-the-eu-2/ PB - EU-India Think Tanks Twinning Initiative ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyenfeld, Michaela A1 - Konietzka, Dirk ED - Arránz Becker, Oliver ED - Hank, Karsten ED - Steinbach, Anja T1 - Sozialstruktur und Familienformen T2 - Handbuch Familiensoziologie N2 - Dieser Beitrag gibt auf Basis der Daten des Mikrozensus einen Überblick über den Wandel der Familienformen in Deutschland. Es wird untersucht, inwieweit alleinerziehende, nichteheliche und eheliche Familien sozialstrukturell differenziert sind und in welchem Ausmaß sich die ökonomische Lebenslage der verschiedenen Familienformen unterscheidet. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-658-35218-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35219-6_26 SP - 657 EP - 674 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - George, Gerard A1 - Ertug, Gokhan A1 - Bapuji, Hari A1 - Doh, Jonathan P. A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Prasad, Ajnesh T1 - COVID-19 and Management Scholarship: Lessons for Conducting Impactful Research JF - Business & Society N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity for management scholars to address large-scale and complex societal problems and strive for greater practical and policy impact. A brief overview of the most-cited work on COVID-19 reveals that, compared with their counterparts in other disciplines, leading management journals and professional associations lagged in providing a platform for high-impact research on COVID-19. To help management research play a more active role in responding to similar global challenges in the future, we propose an integrative framework that emphasizes a phenomenon’s impact, the conditions that the phenomenon creates at multiple levels, and the responses of actors to such conditions, as well as the dynamic relationships and interactions among these actors. By shifting attention to phenomena and their overall impact, this framework can help scholars better position their work to address large-scale and complex problems and also to assess research for its contribution to generate impact beyond academia. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/00076503241237047 SN - 0007-6503 VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 715 EP - 744 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asimovic, Nejla A1 - Ditlmann, Ruth K. A1 - Samii, Cyrus T1 - Estimating the effect of intergroup contact over years: evidence from a youth program in Israel JF - Political Science Research and Methods N2 - We study how an intervention combining youth intergroup contact and sports affects intergroup relations in the context of an active conflict. We first conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of one-year program exposure in Israel. To track effects of a multiyear exposure, we then use machine-learning techniques to fuse the RCT with the observational data gathered on multiyear participants. This analytical approach can help overcome frequent limitations of RCTs, such as modest sample sizes and short observation periods. Our evidence cannot affirm a one-year effect on outgroup regard and ingroup regulation, although we estimate benefits of multiyear exposure among Jewish-Israeli youth, particularly boys. We discuss implications for interventions in contexts of active conflict and group status asymmetry. KW - civil/domestic conflict, ethnicity and nationalism, experimental research, field experiments, quantitative methods Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.8 SN - 2049-8470 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Çalı, Başak ED - van Aaken, Anne ED - d'Argent, Pierre ED - Mälksoo, Lauri ED - Vasel, Johann Justus T1 - Human Rights Ideas, Law, and Institutions in Europe T2 - The Oxford Handbook of International Law in Europe N2 - This chapter introduces the contribution of Europe to the development of human rights ideas, law, and institutions. In a spirit of ‘provincialising Europe’, it argues that Europe’s contributions to human rights are ambivalent and dynamic. The chapter first examines natural rights and rights of citizens as twin, but also potentially conflicting, developments in demarcating Europe’s contributions to human rights. Europe is historically a home of human rights ideas as well as strong critiques and double standards in the use of these ideas. The chapter then examines European contributions to the legalization of human rights with a focus on two institutional Europes: that of the Council of Europe and the European Union. Finally, the chapter reviews contemporary human rights debates, against the backdrop of authoritarianization in Europe on the one hand and demands for new human rights to tackle the climate crisis, and digitalization of modern societies on the other. KW - EU Law, International Law, Law Y1 - 2023 SN - 9780198865315 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198865315.013.8 PB - Oxford University Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Çalı, Başak A1 - Durmuş, Betül A1 - Eskitaşçıoğlu, İlayda ED - Heyns, Christof ED - Viljoen, Frans Jacobus ED - Murray, Rachel T1 - The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level in Turkey T2 - The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level: Twenty Years On Y1 - 2024 SN - 9789004377653 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004377653_021 SP - 1225 EP - 1272 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Çalı, Başak ED - Peters, Anne ED - Sparks, Tom T1 - Global Constitutionalism and the Individual T2 - The Individual in International Law: History and Theory Y1 - 2024 UR - https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-individual-in-international-law-9780198898917?cc=de&lang=en&# SN - 9780198898917 SP - 321 EP - 340 PB - Oxford University Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dawson, Mark ED - Dawson, Mark ED - de Witte, Bruno ED - Muir, Elise T1 - Revisiting Europe’s ‘law-politics imbalance’ T2 - Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union N2 - The aim of this chapter is to consider whether accusations of judicial activism towards the European Courts are rooted not in the activity of the CJEU per se but rather a wider ‘imbalance’ between law and politics in the present-day EU. Revisiting an earlier chapter, the chapter considers three sources of such an imbalance: the gap between the jurisdiction of the CJEU and the EU’s legislative competence; judicial reasoning at the EU level; and the imbalance in the EU between market and non-market objectives. While the chapter argues that the EU retains such an imbalance, recent developments, particularly the increasing dynamism of the EU legislature, have significantly narrowed the gap between the EU’s political and legal capacities in the last decade. As the chapter will conclude, the EU carries a less institutionally ‘lonely’ Court than in the past, providing the Union’s judiciary with greater leverage to temper activist claims. Y1 - 2024 SN - 9781035313501 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035313518.00007 SP - 17 EP - 33 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dawson, Mark A1 - de Witte, Bruno A1 - Muir, Elise ED - Dawson, Mark ED - de Witte, Bruno ED - Muir, Elise T1 - Introduction: locating judicial politics T2 - Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union N2 - The Court inhabits a ‘political space’ to which it is called upon to respond. This points to its need to develop cooperative relationships not only with courts but also with political actors (such as national governments and the EU legislature) and even to directly address and explain decisions to EU citizens themselves. This book is aimed at answering the question of ‘How does the CJEU position itself as a political as well as a legal actor?’ with a view to better understanding the work of the Court and addressing its contestation. For that purpose, we explore in this introductory chapter what is meant by judicial ‘activism’ and judicial ‘politics’, before examining the different varieties of judicial politics our authors have shown an interest in. This will pave the way to drawing some lessons on the factors to take into account when seeking to address and respond to contestation of the work of the Court. Y1 - 2024 SN - 9781035313501 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035313518.00006 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing ER - TY - GEN ED - Mark, Dawson ED - de Witte, Bruno ED - Muir, Elise T1 - Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union N2 - Addressing the tensions between the political and the legal dimension of European integration as well as intra-institutional dynamics, this insightful book navigates the complex topic of judicial politics. Providing an overview of key topics in the current debate and including an introductory chapter on different conceptions of judicial politics, experts in law and politics interrogate the broader political role of the European Court of Justice. Y1 - 2024 SN - 9781035313501 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035313518 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing Limited ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Dolan, Chris A1 - Tshimba, David N. T1 - Refugee Recognition Regime Country Profile: Uganda N2 - Refugee influxes into Uganda are triggered by armed conflict, insurgencies, political persecution, and severe economic hardships. This study of refugee recognition analyses the norms, institutions, modes and quality of recognition processes, as well as quality of protection provided. KW - refugee recognition regime, Uganda, RSD, asylum, refugee rights Y1 - 2023 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53909 UR - https://www.refmig.org/working-papers ET - No. 10 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Funke, Franziska A1 - Mattauch, Linus A1 - Douenne, Thomas A1 - Fabre, Adrien A1 - Stiglitz, Joseph E. T1 - Supporting carbon pricing when interest rates are higher T2 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers N2 - To accept carbon pricing, citizens desire viable alternatives to fossil-fuel based options. As inflation and higher interest rates have exacerbated access barriers for capital-intensive green substitutes, the political success of carbon pricing will be measured by how well policy design enables consumers to switch. T3 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers - 38 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53889 UR - https://berlinschoolofeconomics.de/insights/discussion-papers ET - No. 38 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoetzer, Lukas F. A1 - Kayser, Mark A. A1 - Leininger, Arndt A1 - Murr, Andreas E. T1 - Voters’ Expectations in Constituency Elections without Local Polls JF - Public Opinion Quarterly N2 - How do voters form accurate expectations about the strength of political candidates in constituency elections if there are no reliable constituency polls available? We argue that voters can use national election polls and past election results to increase the accuracy of their expectations. A survey experiment during the German federal election of 2021 confirms that the provision of national election polls and past results increases the accuracy of voters’ expectations. The analysis further shows that voters leverage the information to update their beliefs. The results have relevant implications for debates about belief formation in low-information environments. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfae015 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian T1 - Bounded Rationality, Beliefs, and Behavior T2 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers N2 - This chapter presents a microeconomic, behavioral perspective on bounded rationality and beliefs. It begins with an account of how research on belief biases, in particular via probabilistic belief elicitation, has become mainstream in economics only relatively recently and late, even in behavioral economics (aka “psychology and economics”). The chapter then offers a review of the decision-theoretic foundations of modeling and eliciting (subjective) beliefs as probabilities, as well as selected—both classic and recent—evidence on humans’ bounded rationality from related research in psychology and economics. In doing so, it connects the historical debates within decision theory, on the one hand, and within psychology, on the other, concerning the normative status of expected utility and Bayesianism, as well as its methodological implications. A conclusion draws lessons for the practice of belief elicitation and future research. T3 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers - 37 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53637 UR - https://berlinschoolofeconomics.de/insights/discussion-papers ET - No. 37 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Ostanina, Sascha A1 - Tardy, Thierry T1 - Turbo-charging the EU's defence industry and security posture N2 - The first-ever European Defence Industrial Strategy and its financial leg, the European Defence Industrial Programme, saw the light of day in March 2024. The strategy seeks to ameliorate deficiencies in EU defence readiness identified in light of the Russo-Ukrainian war. It offers an ambitious agenda and tailor-made incentives designed to encourage EU member states to invest more, better, together, and European. The Jacques Delors Institute’s Associate Research Fellow Thierry Tardy and the Jacques Delors Centre’s Security Policy Fellow Sascha Ostanina argue that the strategy is a good start to motivate European countries for more action in the defence sector. However, as long as the EU fails to take on a larger defence mandate via treaty change, the strategy success will hinge upon whether the member states, and their respective industrial defence sectors, will be willing to step up to the plate. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/turbo-charging-the-eus-defence-industry-and-security-posture ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Roth, Christopher A1 - Schwardmann, Peter A1 - Tripodi, Egon T1 - Misperceived Effectiveness and the Demand for Psychotherapy T2 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers N2 - While psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in treating depression, take-up remains low. In a sample of 1,843 depressed individuals, we document that effectiveness concerns are top-of-mind when respondents consider the value of therapy. We then show that the average respondent underestimates the effectiveness of therapy and that an information treatment correcting this misperception increases participants’ incentivized willingness to pay for therapy. Information affects therapy demand by changing beliefs rather than by shifting attention. Our results suggest that information interventions that target the perceived effectiveness of therapy are a potent tool in combating the ongoing mental health crisis. T3 - Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers - 36 Y1 - 2024 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53621 ET - No. 36 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stockmann, Daniela A1 - Luo, Ting ED - Lynch, Daniel ED - Rosen, Stanley T1 - Xi Jinping’s Partnership with Technology Companies and Social Media Platforms T2 - Chinese Politics: The Xi Jinping Difference N2 - Contrary to conventional wisdom, even Xi Jinping, who is often depicted in the media and pundit world as having centralized control over nearly every dimension of Chinese governance, still must rely on powerful technology corporations to carry out his will in the increasingly important Internet sector. This suggests a model of political control significantly more nuanced than most observers realize. This chapter argues that Xi Jinping does not rule the Internet and more specifically social media via a tight command-and-control structure, which implies that he is the ultimate decision-maker and companies simply implement his policy decisions. Instead, the chapter demonstrates based on process-tracing that China’s governance of the Internet is best understood as a corporate management model, whereby the Chinese state engages in a partnership with technology companies. Xi Jinping assumes a leadership role enforced by state instruments of control and cooptation strategies. At the same time, the state remains dependent on companies due to their informational, organizational, and institutional resources. KW - China Y1 - 2024 SN - 9781032191522 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003257943-5 PB - Routledge CY - London ET - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlecht, Ingmar A1 - Maurer, Christoph A1 - Hirth, Lion T1 - Financial contracts for differences: The problems with conventional CfDs in electricity markets and how forward contracts can help solve them JF - Energy Policy N2 - Contracts for differences are widely seen as a cornerstone of Europe's future electricity market design. This paper is about designing such contracts. We identify the dispatch and investment distortions that conventional CfDs cause, the patches used to overcome these shortcomings, and the problems these fixes introduce. We then propose an alternative contract we call “financial” CfD. This hybrid between conventional CfDs and forward contracts mitigates revenue risk to a substantial degree while providing undistorted incentives. Like conventional CfDs, it is long-term and tailored to technology-specific (wind, solar, nuclear) generation patterns but, like forwards, decouples payments from actual generation. The proposed contract mitigates volume risk and avoids margin calls by accepting physical assets as collateral. KW - Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law KW - General Energy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.113981 VL - 186 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Romanello, Marina A1 - Napoli, Claudia di A1 - Green, Carole A1 - Kennard, Harry A1 - Lampard, Pete A1 - Scamman, Daniel A1 - Walawender, Maria A1 - Ali, Zakari A1 - Ameli, Nadia A1 - Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja A1 - Beggs, Paul J A1 - Belesova, Kristine A1 - Berrang Ford, Lea A1 - Bowen, Kathryn A1 - Cai, Wenjia A1 - Callaghan, Max A1 - Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid A1 - Chambers, Jonathan A1 - Cross, Troy J A1 - van Daalen, Kim R A1 - Dalin, Carole A1 - Dasandi, Niheer A1 - Dasgupta, Shouro A1 - Davies, Michael A1 - Dominguez-Salas, Paula A1 - Dubrow, Robert A1 - Ebi, Kristie L A1 - Eckelman, Matthew A1 - Ekins, Paul A1 - Freyberg, Chris A1 - Gasparyan, Olga A1 - Gordon-Strachan, Georgiana A1 - Graham, Hilary A1 - Gunther, Samuel H A1 - Hamilton, Ian A1 - Hang, Yun A1 - Hänninen, Risto A1 - Hartinger, Stella A1 - He, Kehan A1 - Heidecke, Julian A1 - Hess, Jeremy J A1 - Hsu, Shih-Che A1 - Jamart, Louis A1 - Jankin, Slava A1 - Jay, Ollie A1 - Kelman, Ilan A1 - Kiesewetter, Gregor A1 - Kinney, Patrick A1 - Kniveton, Dominic A1 - Kouznetsov, Rostislav A1 - Larosa, Francesca A1 - Lee, Jason K W A1 - Lemke, Bruno A1 - Liu, Yang A1 - Liu, Zhao A1 - Lott, Melissa A1 - Lotto Batista, Martín A1 - Lowe, Rachel A1 - Odhiambo Sewe, Maquins A1 - Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime A1 - Maslin, Mark A1 - McAllister, Lucy A1 - McMichael, Celia A1 - Mi, Zhifu A1 - Milner, James A1 - Minor, Kelton A1 - Minx, Jan C A1 - Mohajeri, Nahid A1 - Momen, Natalie C A1 - Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar A1 - Morrissey, Karyn A1 - Munzert, Simon A1 - Murray, Kris A A1 - Neville, Tara A1 - Nilsson, Maria A1 - Obradovich, Nick A1 - O'Hare, Megan B A1 - Oliveira, Camile A1 - Oreszczyn, Tadj A1 - Otto, Matthias A1 - Owfi, Fereidoon A1 - Pearman, Olivia A1 - Pega, Frank A1 - Pershing, Andrew A1 - Rabbaniha, Mahnaz A1 - Rickman, Jamie A1 - Robinson, Elizabeth J Z A1 - Rocklöv, Joacim A1 - Salas, Renee N A1 - Semenza, Jan C A1 - Sherman, Jodi D A1 - Shumake-Guillemot, Joy A1 - Silbert, Grant A1 - Sofiev, Mikhail A1 - Springmann, Marco A1 - Stowell, Jennifer D A1 - Tabatabaei, Meisam A1 - Taylor, Jonathon A1 - Thompson, Ross A1 - Tonne, Cathryn A1 - Treskova, Marina A1 - Trinanes, Joaquin A A1 - Wagner, Fabian A1 - Warnecke, Laura A1 - Whitcombe, Hannah A1 - Winning, Matthew A1 - Wyns, Arthur A1 - Yglesias-González, Marisol A1 - Zhang, Shihui A1 - Zhang, Ying A1 - Zhu, Qiao A1 - Gong, Peng A1 - Montgomery, Hugh A1 - Costello, Anthony T1 - The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms JF - The Lancet Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01859-7 VL - 402 IS - 10419 SP - 2346 EP - 2394 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Munzert, Simon A1 - Ramirez-Ruiz, Sebastian A1 - Watteler, Oliver A1 - Breuer, Johannes A1 - Batzdorfer, Veronika A1 - Eder, Christina A1 - Wiltshire, Deborah A A1 - Barberá, Pablo A1 - Guess, Andrew Markus A1 - Yang, JungHwan T1 - Publishing Combined Web Tracking and Survey Data N2 - Combined survey and web tracking data have great potential for social-scientific research. They allow linking information on online behavior with data on reported offline behavior, opinions, and attitudes. At the same time, ethical, legal, and technical challenges make it difficult to disseminate linked web tracking data to the scientific community. This whitepaper aims to address these challenges by providing guidance for researchers and archivists, discussing legal, practical, and ethical aspects, disclosure risks, and establishing a framework for publishing web tracking data. Recommendations for best practices are also provided based on experiences from a research project funded by the German Consortium for the Social, Behavioural, Educational and Economic Sciences. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/y4v8z PB - Center for Open Science ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palmié, Maximilian A1 - Miehé, Lucas A1 - Mair, Johanna A1 - Wincent, Joakim T1 - Valuation entrepreneurship through product-design and blame-avoidance strategies: How Tesla managed to change the public perception of sustainable innovations JF - Journal of Product Innovation Management N2 - Developing innovative, eco-friendlier products that gain traction in the mass market remains a persistent challenge for many firms. To bring consumers to choose “greener” alternatives over conventional products, firms need to overcome prevailing product evaluations that favor traditional solutions. Research on valuation entrepreneurship examines the strategies that actors apply to induce changes in established evaluations. Adding to the emerging literature on valuation entrepreneurship, our study analyzes how the car maker Tesla, Inc. used product design—material artifacts' properties of form and function—to advance the public perception of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). When Tesla entered the market, several firms had tried to promote BEVs as a way of making private mobility more environmentally friendly, but with limited success. In contrast, Tesla produced well-received BEVs that generated enormous consumer interest and led to a more favorable assessment of BEVs as a whole. Drawing on 54 interviews and nearly 2000 pages of archival data, our abductive study identifies three product design strategies that increased the appeal of Tesla's initial models: (1) incorporating discontinuous technological solutions; (2) optimizing the products on traditional evaluation criteria (e.g., driving performance, comfort, space, status); and (3) creating an ecosystem of complementary products. Since some design choices came at the expense of a minimal environmental footprint, they risked attracting blame for compromising on the environmental performance of potentially eco-friendly cars and for committing “greenwashing.” To minimize this risk, Tesla complemented its design strategies by employing three strategies of reputational politics to avoid such blame. After Tesla's initial, lavish models had improved the public perception of electric cars, Tesla and other car makers were able to sell less excessive and more sustainable BEVs in much greater quantities than ever before. Our findings contribute to three literature streams and generate valuable insights for management practice. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12732 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Leichthammer, Arthur T1 - Navigating the Geoeconomic Tide: The Commission’s quest for a policy compass N2 - In 2019, Ursula von der Leyen promised a geopolitical Commission. Back then, the proclamation was largely derided as empty rhetoric. However, in recent years, a dizzying number of geoeconomic initiatives have come from Brussels, revising and tweaking existing tools and measures, developing new instruments, and announcing a grand new European Economic Security Strategy. This policy brief examines the progress made and outlines the key challenges for the next Commission. While the current Commission expanded the EU‘s geoeconomic toolbox, the incoming Commission must prioritise harmonisation to prevent fragmentation, allocate substantial funds to enhance resilience, and streamline institutional processes to facilitate coherent policymaking at a European level. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/detail/publication/navigating-the-geoeconomic-tide ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mena, Sébastien A1 - Parker, Simon T1 - The Temporal Structuring of Corporate Sustainability JF - Journal of Business Ethics N2 - Research on corporate sustainability has started to acknowledge the role of temporality in creating more sustainable organizations. Yet, these advances tend to treat firms as monolithic and we have little understanding of how different temporal patterns throughout an organization shape perceptions of and actions toward sustainability. Building on studies highlighting how the temporal structures of work shape employee engagement with different organizational processes and issues, we seek to answer: How does the temporality of work practices structure perceptions of corporate sustainability throughout the firm? Using data from an ethnography of a small European sustainable bank, we provide an account of the variety of ways in which employees in different departments perceive the bank and how they engage with sustainability. We then go on to show how the temporal structures of work practices within different departments help explain some divergence in perceptions of sustainability. Our study highlights the variegation of temporal structures in organizational processes of meaning-making and its role for a better understanding of the efforts to make corporations more sustainable. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-024-05648-5 SN - 0167-4544 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hassel, Anke A1 - Weil, Kilian T1 - Social partners in the green transition of the EU JF - Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung N2 - Der Beitrag untersucht die Rolle der Sozialpartnerschaft zur Reduzierung von Treibhausgasemissionen in Mitgliedsstaaten der Europäischen Union. Einerseits können die Sozialpartner dazu beitragen den Übergang zu niedrigeren Emissionen zu erleichtern, indem sie mit den betroffenen Arbeitnehmern über die Kosten und den Nutzen von Maßnahmen zur Verringerung des Klimawandels verhandeln. Andererseits ist die Sozialpartnerschaft in Sektoren mit hohen Emissionen stärker ausgeprägt. Das könnte dazu führen, dass Sozialpartner versuchen, die Geschwindigkeit zur Reduzierung emissionsintensiver Produktionsprozesse zu verringern. Wir verwenden Daten aus der europäischen Verdienststrukturerhebung, Structure of Earnings Survey, um die Beziehung zwischen Tarifbindung, gewerkschaftlicher Organisation, Löhnen und Industrieemissionen in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten zu untersuchen. Wir finden, dass Sektoren mit hohen Emissionen höhere Gewinne, Löhne und geringere Lohnungleichheit aufweisen. Berufe mit hohen Emissionen sind hingegen nicht besser bezahlt. Gleichzeitig gibt es deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Mitgliedsstaaten der Europäischen Union. Abschließend erörtern wir, wie die Sozialpartnerschaft mit dem Dilemma umgeht, in den stark fossilen Industrien verwurzelt zu sein und gleichzeitig den Wandel zu verhandeln. N2 - The paper explores the role of social partnership for facilitating processes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Europe. Social partnership can help to facilitate the transition to lower emissions by negotiating the costs and benefits of climate reducing policies with the workers affected. At the same time, social partnership is stronger in sectors, which have high emissions and might be tempted to reduce the speed of phasing out high emission production processes. The paper uses data from the Structure of Earnings Survey to examine the relationship between bargaining coverage, unionization, wages and industry emissions in EU member states. It analyses these relationships in the context of different growth trajectories towards the knowledge economy. It finds that high-emitting industries tend to have higher profits, wages and lower wage inequality than others. Brown jobs, however, are not better jobs, but benefit from collective bargaining. At the same time, there are significant differences between the member states of the European Union. The paper concludes by discussing how social partnership deals with the dilemma of being rooted in fossil fuel industries while negotiating change. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/vjh.2023.334383 VL - 92 IS - 4 SP - 15 EP - 34 ER -