@incollection{Wegrich, author = {Wegrich, Kai}, title = {Varieties of executive styles}, series = {The Routledge Handbook of Policy Styles}, booktitle = {The Routledge Handbook of Policy Styles}, editor = {Howlett, Michael and Tosun, Jale}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {Abingdon}, isbn = {9780367251437}, doi = {10.4324/9780429286322}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {12}, abstract = {This chapter situates 'executive styles' within the wider 'family of styles' approaches and discusses some of the challenges for advancing comparative research in this field. To this end, it introduces two key institutional dimensions of executive politics that shape executive styles. Subsequently, it reviews and discusses empirical research on executive styles and elaborates on two analytical dimensions for the comparison of national and sectoral executive styles. In a next step, the chapter moves to comparisons over time and reviews studies that analyse the change of executive styles in individual country cases. While a range of (country) examples are used, the chapter draws in particular on European examples and quite specifically on Germany and the UK. The chapter concludes that exploring the varieties of executive styles requires combining national accounts that engage with the institutional and political complexities of single countries, or families of nations, in detail with focussed comparisons zooming in on specific dimensions.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Wegrich, author = {Wegrich, Kai}, title = {Incrementalism and its Alternatives}, series = {The Oxford Handbook of Time and Politics}, booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Time and Politics}, editor = {Goetz, Klaus H.}, isbn = {9780190862084}, doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190862084.013.9}, publisher = {Hertie School}, abstract = {This chapter discusses how a classic perspective of public policy and public administration, incrementalism, contributes to questions of the politics of time. It argues that the contribution of incrementalism is not limited to emphasizing the advantages of small-scale and stepwise policy or institutional changes compared to comprehensive reform strategies. Beyond this, the chapter shows how contributions from diverse fields, ranging from comparative politics and behavioral insights to urban planning, develop the concept of incrementalism, and how these approaches can enrich debates on policy and institutional change. In particular, the common image of incrementalism as subservient to existing power structures is challenged. Linking the varieties of incrementalism to questions of politics of time helps to develop these insights.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Levi, author = {Levi, Sebastian}, title = {Climate Change Communication in South Africa}, series = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science}, booktitle = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science}, doi = {10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.851}, publisher = {Hertie School}, abstract = {In South Africa, one of the world's most carbon-intense economies and a society marked by gross social inequality, climate change is not a popular topic. As of 2018, more than half of the population had never heard of climate change and only one in five South Africans believed that human activities lead to global warming. The communication of climate change in South Africa is influenced by the notorious inequality that the country still suffers decades after the apartheid regime has ended. Few South Africans are able to live a life in prosperity and security on par with life in industrialized nations, more than half of the population are considered poor, almost a third of the population are chronically unemployed, and many work for carbon-intense industries. The country's prevalent inequality and its economic dependency on coal influence the way climate change is communicated and interpreted. Environmental NGOs, journalists, and scientists frequently set communication cues on climate change. However, their messages are largely circulated in newspapers catering to an urban and educated readership and resonate less with people living in rural areas or those who rely on employment in the coal and mining sector. In South Africa, most people hear about climate change in mass media, but journalists frequently lack the resources and training necessary to investigate climate change stories or to interact with local scientists. Environmental NGOs, in contrast, provide easily comprehendible communication cues for unspecialized journalists and often share similar worldviews and demographic backgrounds with dedicated environmental reporters. However, because Black South Africans are underrepresented among environmental journalists and because many affordable local newspapers cannot afford to hire specialized reporters, climate change is covered mostly in high-quality English-language outlets to which most people have no access. Moreover, environmental NGOs are frequently accused of prioritizing abstract ecological concerns, like climate change, over the interests of the South Africans workers, a sentiment that is informed by the country's history of racial injustice. Counterintuitively, living in a coal area is associated with higher climate change awareness and belief, likely because coal companies and trade unions conduct awareness-raising programs among their workers and because many residents experience the adverse impact of coal mining and combustion firsthand.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GohdesSteinertThrelkeld, author = {Gohdes, Anita R. and Steinert Threlkeld, Zachary C.}, title = {Changing Sources: Social Media Activity During Civil War}, series = {Digital Activism and Authoritarian Adaptation in the Middle East}, booktitle = {Digital Activism and Authoritarian Adaptation in the Middle East}, edition = {POMEPS Studies 43}, address = {Stanford}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {103 -- 109}, language = {en} } @incollection{CostelloTsourdi, author = {Costello, Cathryn and Tsourdi, Lilian}, title = {The Evolution of EU Law on Refugees and Asylum}, series = {The Evolution of EU Law}, booktitle = {The Evolution of EU Law}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Hertie School}, abstract = {In this contribution, we explore evolution and stasis in EU asylum law and policy. We identify two tensions at the heart of the CEAS, between the commitment to protection and deflection of protection obligations, and between internal mobility within the EU and the immobilization of asylum seekers and refugees. We note the role of these foundational tensions in generating and exacerbating the 'refugee crisis' of 2015/16. This chapter is premised on a widely-shared understanding of the role of EU asylum policy in that crisis, namely that by illegalizing the travel of asylum seekers and refugees in search of protection, it contributes to the dangerous mass flight, which in turn generates humanitarian and political crises. We then analyse four key dimensions of EU asylum policy in light of these tensions: access to asylum, responsibility-allocation, legislative harmonisation, and institutionalised practical co-operation. Across these four fields, we identify the limits of EU law, and its general stasis, in spite of changes in Treaty telos, law-making processes, and EU enlargement. We briefly consider the role of the CJEU, still very much in the shadow of the ECtHR in asylum, in spite of its numerous rulings on the CEAS. Overall, we demonstrate its fairly minimalist approach in this area, avoidance of controversial cases by dubious use of inadmissibility findings, and failure to catalyse policy changes. Against this backdrop of legislative, political and judicial caution and inertia, we identify two key trends: a move towards greater institutional cooperation, including through the creation of a dedicated agency, the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), and a general flight from law in this policy field. We conclude by considering the likely impact of these trends on EU asylum law.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GrafLohse, author = {Graf, Lukas and Lohse, Anna Prisca}, title = {Advanced Skill Formation between Vocationalization and Academization: The Governance of Professional Schools and Dual Study Programs in Germany}, series = {Studies in Vocational and Continuing Education. Governance Revisited - Challenges and Opportunities for Vocational Education and Training}, booktitle = {Studies in Vocational and Continuing Education. Governance Revisited - Challenges and Opportunities for Vocational Education and Training}, editor = {B{\"u}rgi, Regula and Gonon, Philipp}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, address = {Lausanne}, isbn = {9783034343824}, issn = {2235-7327}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {215 -- 242}, abstract = {Global trends, such as an ever-rising service economy, rapid technological change and digitalization, challenge skill formation systems. Focussing on European countries, this edited volume examines the variety of European VET governance and VET governance research. In particular, it provides insights into regional, local and decentralized governance at meso (e.g. professional associations) as well as micro level (e.g. learning arrangements). As such, the edited volume sheds light on the hitherto far less explored dimensions of VET governance and highlights challenges as well as opportunities in VET governance in the 21st century.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LamAnheier, author = {Lam, Marcus and Anheier, Helmut K.}, title = {Charitable Foundations}, series = {Encyclopedia of Social Work}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Social Work}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, isbn = {9780199975839}, doi = {10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.46}, publisher = {Hertie School}, abstract = {Foundations are private institutions for public benefit. With a long history that reaches back to antiquity, inside the United States and globally, foundations are a growing organizational form that policy makers increasingly view with both potential (as a source of private funds to complement government services) and caution (given their autonomy and low level of accountability). Alongside the rise in commerce and finance, foundations experienced an initial growth period in the late Middle Ages and a second in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, following the Industrial Revolution. Political stability, an increase in demand for social, educational, and cultural services of all kinds, and economic prosperity are certainly significant factors behind this growth. Since the dawn of the 21st century, foundations have remained the primary legal structure through which newly minted and emerging wealthy individuals practice their philanthropy. The foundation form, or some similar iteration, is growing not just in many Western democratic countries but even in communist and other political regimes such as China and Russia. The reason for this growth is the way in which foundations have been envisioned as instruments of welfare state reform in the broadest sense. This growth implies a more important role for foundations as providers of relief to those most in need, protectors of traditional institutions and the status quo, and, to a lesser extent, as change agents. In particular, this is apparent among the "new philanthropists" of the 21st century, drawn from technology entrepreneurs, who are more actively engaged in public policy.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Dawson, author = {Dawson, Mark}, title = {Chapter 4: The role of law in multilevel governance: Four conceptualizations}, series = {A Research Agenda for Multilevel Governance}, booktitle = {A Research Agenda for Multilevel Governance}, isbn = {9781789908367}, doi = {10.4337/9781789908374.00011}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {77 -- 93}, abstract = {This chapter examines the role played by law and legal institutions in systems of multi-level of governance. While the de-centring of state institutions has been a common concern in legal and political science literature in the last three decades, there remains a lack of attention to how literature on multilevel governance can be better coupled with related work in comparative public law. The chapter attempts to fill this gap by sketching four possible conceptualizations of law's role in multilevel governance systems. Law may either demarcate (by dividing authority), facilitate (by ensuring systems of shared rule), catalyze (by undermining hierarchical systems) or colonize multilevel governance (by shifting power from other spheres in society towards the legal system itself). These conceptualizations are intended to provide a framework on how patterns in the role of law across multilevel governance systems can be analyzed in future work across the social sciences.}, language = {en} } @incollection{ShahYahiaMcBrideetal., author = {Shah, Syed Attique and Yahia, Sadok Ben and McBride, Keegan and Jamil, Akhtar and Draheim, Dirk}, title = {Twitter Streaming Data Analytics for Disaster Alerts}, series = {2021 2nd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC)}, booktitle = {2021 2nd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {978-1-6654-0759-5}, doi = {10.1109/IISEC54230.2021.9672370}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {1 -- 6}, abstract = {In today's world, disasters, both natural and manmade, are becoming increasingly frequent, and new solutions are of a compelling need to provide and disseminate information about these disasters to the public and concerned authorities in an effective and efficient manner. One of the most frequently used ways for information dissemination today is through social media, and when it comes to real-time information, Twitter is often the channel of choice. Thus, this paper discusses how Big Data Analytics (BDA) can take advantage of information streaming from Twitter to generate alerts and provide information in real-time on ongoing disasters. The paper proposes TAGS (Twitter Alert Generation System), a novel solution for collecting and analyzing social media streaming data in realtime and subsequently issue warnings related to ongoing disasters using a combination of Hadoop and Spark frameworks. The paper tests and evaluates the proposed solution using Twitter data from the 2018 earthquake in Palu City, Sulawesi, Indonesia. The proposed architecture was able to issue alert messages on various disaster scenarios and identify critical information that can be utilized for further analysis. Moreover, the performance of the proposed solution is assessed with respect to processing time and throughput that shows reliable system efficiency.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HasselSchroeder, author = {Hassel, Anke and Schr{\"o}der, Wolfgang}, title = {Auswirkungen der Transformation auf die deutsche Sozialpartnerschaft}, series = {Perspektiven eines Industriemodells der Zukunft}, booktitle = {Perspektiven eines Industriemodells der Zukunft}, editor = {Lemb, Wolfgang}, publisher = {Metropolis}, address = {Marburg}, isbn = {978-3-7316-1475-3}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {15}, abstract = {Die Sozialpartnerschaft begleitete sowohl den {\"o}konomischen Wiederaufstieg Deutschlands nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg als auch die permanent notwendigen Anpassungsprozesse an ver{\"a}nderte wirtschaftliche, soziale und gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen. In vielen Sektoren hat die Sozialpartnerschaft ihre Pr{\"a}ge- und Gestaltungskraft jedoch eingeb{\"u}ßt. Mitgliederr{\"u}ckgang, Arbeitgeberverb{\"a}nde ohne Tarifbindung und neue Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle sind taktgebende Treiber dieses Wandels. (...) Ist die Sozialpartnerschaft nur noch der Rahmen f{\"u}r einen etablierten, gleichwohl kleiner werdenden Club von Unternehmen und Besch{\"a}ftigten, oder gelingt es, die Reichweite wieder zu erh{\"o}hen? Werden das Prinzip der Sozialpartnerschaft und die konkrete Praxis des FTV als Rahmen revitalisiert, um die Interessenskonflikte der Dekarbonisierung und Digitalisierung im fairen Ausgleich zu bew{\"a}ltigen? Daf{\"u}r werden wir zun{\"a}chst die Fragen der Organisationsmacht auf Arbeitnehmer- und Arbeitgeberseite kl{\"a}ren, anschließend L{\"o}sungsperspektiven aufzeigen und zuletzt die Relevanz der Sozialpartner im Kontext der Transformation beleuchten.}, language = {de} }