@article{SalazarMoralesAlzaBarco, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego and Alza Barco, Carlos}, title = {Corrupci{\´o}n y dise{\~n}os institucionales en Am{\´e}rica Latina}, series = {Revista De Ciencia Pol{\´i}tica Y Gobierno}, volume = {4}, journal = {Revista De Ciencia Pol{\´i}tica Y Gobierno}, number = {8}, issn = {2313-304X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.18800/rcpg.201702.000}, pages = {5 -- 10}, abstract = {?'Qu{\´e} es la corrupci{\´o}n?, ?'c{\´o}mo detectarla? y ?'c{\´o}mo combatirla? Son preguntas que emergieron en los {\´u}ltimos a{\~n}os en Am{\´e}rica Latina en un contexto marcado por su posicionamiento en la palestra mundial como una de las regiones m{\´a}s corruptas del planeta. Hacia el a{\~n}o 2013, las denuncias period{\´i}sticas por corrup-ci{\´o}n involucraron a cerca de trece pa{\´i}ses en la regi{\´o}n (Gesti{\´o}n, 2017). Esta situaci{\´o}n dio por sentada que la corrupci{\´o}n era (es) el principal t{\´o}pico de preo-cupaci{\´o}n en la regi{\´o}n. Seg{\´u}n Transparencia Internacional (2017), en promedio, Am{\´e}rica Latina se ubica en el cuartil superior entre los pa{\´i}ses corruptos a nivel mundial, situaci{\´o}n preocupante para la regi{\´o}n. Los altos {\´i}ndices de corrupci{\´o}n no s{\´o}lo afectan la calidad y cantidad de gasto p{\´u}blico, encarecen la inversi{\´o}n privada, reducen el acceso a los servicios p{\´u}blicos para la ciudadan{\´i}a y detienen el desarrollo, sino que sus efectos tambi{\´e}n son sist{\´e}micos: influyen en las rela-ciones cotidianas entre ciudadan{\´i}a y Estado y las distorsiona creando una ins-titucionalidad paralela. En otras palabras, genera una cultura de transgresi{\´o}n.}, language = {es} } @article{SalazarMoralesCalmet, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego and Calmet, Yasm{\´i}n}, title = {VRAEM: Pol{\´i}ticas de Seguridad P{\´u}blica en Zona de conflicto}, series = {Revista de Sociolog{\´i}a de la Guerra: Cuadernos de Marte}, volume = {5}, journal = {Revista de Sociolog{\´i}a de la Guerra: Cuadernos de Marte}, issn = {1852-9879}, pages = {157 -- 186}, abstract = {Las pol{\´i}ticas de seguridad desarrolladas por el Estado peruano durante los a{\~n}os 80 han sido causantes de innumerables muertes, desapariciones y violaciones de derechos humanos. En la actualidad, con remanentes subversivos y una zona infestada por el narcotr{\´a}fico (el VRAEM), la atenci{\´o}n a las pol{\´i}ticas y estrategias desarrolladas por el Estado para afrontar esta problem{\´a}tica es crucial. En tal sentido, este art{\´i}culo rese{\~n}a las principales decisiones del gobierno peruano desde el a{\~n}o 2000 hasta la actualidad, en materia de pol{\´i}ticas de seguridad para la zona en conflicto denominada VRAEM desentra{\~n}ado las estrategias utilizadas para afrontar a Sendero Luminoso y c{\´o}mo estas han violado, reiteradamente, los derechos fundamentales de las poblaciones aleda{\~n}as a la zona en conflicto.}, language = {es} } @incollection{SalazarMorales, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego}, title = {Neoliberal governmentality in the Peruvian Higher Education: An example of students' unions' resistance and conflict}, series = {Theorizing the University: Critical perspectives on institutional research}, booktitle = {Theorizing the University: Critical perspectives on institutional research}, editor = {Murphy, Mark and Burke, Ciaran and Costa, Cristina and Rille, Raaper}, publisher = {Bloomsbury Academic}, address = {London}, doi = {10.5040/9781350141582.ch-014}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {219 -- 238}, abstract = {Diego A. Salazar-Morales In 1991, Peru's autocratic leader Alberto Fujimori ordered the military to intervene in public universities, claiming that the Maoist organisation Shining Path had long been encouraging students' ideological radicalisation. Together with this measure, Fujimori also introduced an aggressive privatisation scheme for Peru's higher education system consisting of tax exemptions, consultancies for private universities, and a lack of general regulatory oversight. After ten years of military intervention and in the wake of Fujimori's regime (1990-2000) , a dual system was established: a system of well-funded private universities, connected to international academic centres, serving the Peruvian elites; and another system of underfunded public universities, with few international connections, and peripheral to the global academic debate. However, this divide has not only led to marked differences in education quality and access to the job market, it has also created a stigma around public university students and their organised attempts to...}, language = {en} } @incollection{SalazarMoralesLauriano, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego and Lauriano, Lucas Amaral}, title = {A Typology of the Latin American Civil Servant: Patronage Appointee, Technocrat, Loyalist, or Careerist}, series = {The Palgrave Handbook of the Public Servant}, booktitle = {The Palgrave Handbook of the Public Servant}, publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-3-030-03008-7}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-03008-7_71-1}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {1 -- 22}, abstract = {Latin American (LA) civil services have traditionally been characterized by their rapid personnel rotation, unstructured careers schemes, and networks that are primarily based on patronage loyalties. During the twentieth century, the civil service in Latin America has undergone several stages of reform as a result of structural adjustment programs and conditional loans from international institutions, which, together with the regions' own political development, have created a complex system of hybrid forms of civil service. The coexistence of highly technocratic institutions ("isles of efficiency") and more patronage-oriented institutions is therefore common in Latin America. Furthermore, these institutions also produce different types of civil servants ranging from technocratic to political. This chapter provides a general overview of the theoretical discussions concerning the study of civil services in LA by comparing approaches focusing on "state capacity" or "administrative tradition." According to the state capacity approach, scholars have largely explained the role and functions of civil servants based on their capacities and their relative political autonomy, while the administrative tradition approach emphasizes their access to state positions and whether or not they are meritocratic. Based on these discussions, this chapter proposes a fourfold categorization of civil servants (patronage appointees, technocrats, partisan loyalists, and careerists) that coexist in LA bureaucracies. The chapter concludes by briefly summarizing the central ideas of the civil servant typology and the potential challenges with regard to their application in practice.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SalazarMoralesHallerberg, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego and Hallerberg, Mark}, title = {Trilateral Competitive Interdependence: European and American Trade Policy Choices and the rise of China}, series = {The European Union and Beyond: Multilevel-Governance, Institutions and Policymaking}, booktitle = {The European Union and Beyond: Multilevel-Governance, Institutions and Policymaking}, editor = {Spoon, Jae-Jae and Ringe, Nils}, publisher = {European Council of Political Research Press}, address = {Colchester}, isbn = {9781785523359}, publisher = {Hertie School}, language = {en} } @techreport{SalazarMoralesHallerberg, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego and Hallerberg, Mark}, title = {The Role of Fiscal Coordination and Partisanship in the Spanish Fiscal Federalist System: Lessons for European Union reforms}, pages = {28}, abstract = {An issue that the European Union continues to face is how to coordinate the economic and fiscal policies of its member states. Recent reforms that created the European Semester require additional information concerning member states' fiscal plans for the Commission and Council to review more rigorously. Spain has developed similar provisions for its regions. In this paper, Mark Hallerberg and Diego Salazar-Morales consider the possible lessons arising from the emerging federation in Spain for the European framework. They analyse the performance of Spain's fiscal federalist framework with a special emphasis on its coordination and political relationship with the autonomous regions. Their findings suggest that coordination agreements are negatively correlated with balances, indicating that such agreements are indicators of fiscal problems and also that they did not contribute to lower deficits. Moreover, they find that politics, rather than fiscal rules and frameworks, led to differing fiscal performance. The paper concludes with lessons from Spain's experience for the European Union.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SalazarMoralesPrietoBarraganAlza, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego and Prieto Barrag{\´a}n, Tracy and Alza, Carlos}, title = {Oportunidad para Servir. El caso de la creaci{\´o}n del Cuerpo de Gerentes P{\´u}blicos en el Per{\´u}}, series = {Aprender de la Experiencia. Ocho estudios de caso para ense{\~n}ar Pol{\´i}ticas P{\´u}blicas y Gesti{\´o}n P{\´u}blica}, booktitle = {Aprender de la Experiencia. Ocho estudios de caso para ense{\~n}ar Pol{\´i}ticas P{\´u}blicas y Gesti{\´o}n P{\´u}blica}, publisher = {Pontifical Catholic University of Peru}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {191 -- 200}, abstract = {El Cuerpo de Gerentes P{\´u}blicos de SERVIR nace de un proceso de aprendizaje enriquecedor que supone un reto para la reconversi{\´o}n de la burocracia nacional tradicional hacia una moderna y m{\´a}s eficiente a partir de experiencias latinoamericanas similares. SERVIR, mediante esta experiencia, nos demuestra que la pol{\´i}tica p{\´u}blica no es un proceso de una sola direcci{\´o}n, que las fases pueden variar y que la creatividad es un aspecto fundamental para imaginar opciones y alternativas frente a un n{\´u}mero de retos que la gesti{\´o}n p{\´u}blica nos presenta. Pero no solo es creatividad, tambi{\´e}n se trata de instinto al identificar los precisos momentos en los que apostar por un proyecto y cu{\´a}ndo salir.}, language = {es} } @incollection{SalazarMorales, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego}, title = {Cr{\´o}nica de un Conflicto anunciado. El caso del conflicto social en Bagua (5 y 6 de junio de 2009)}, series = {Aprender de la Experiencia. Ocho casos para ense{\~n}ar Pol{\´i}ticas P{\´u}blicas}, booktitle = {Aprender de la Experiencia. Ocho casos para ense{\~n}ar Pol{\´i}ticas P{\´u}blicas}, publisher = {Pontifical Catholic University of Peru}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {121 -- 150}, abstract = {Los acontecimientos que se suscitaron el 5 de junio de 2009 en el poblado amaz{\´o}nico de Bagua presentan una serie de antecedentes, decisiones y estrategias adoptadas por parte del Estado y a una serie de actores pol{\´i}ticos que hacen que su estudio sea particularmente interesante. Nos encontramos frente a un suceso que cambia la manera de entender y manejar los conflictos sociales en la pol{\´i}tica nacional.}, language = {es} } @incollection{MancoPoncianoSalazarMorales, author = {Manco Ponciano, Kervin and Salazar-Morales, Diego}, title = {?'Qui{\´e}n accede a la educaci{\´o}n superior en el Per{\´u}? Juventud y pobreza en estudiantes deeducaci{\´o}n universitaria y tecnol{\´o}gica superior}, series = {Subjetividades diversas: An{\´a}lisis de la situaci{\´o}n pol{\´i}tica, social y econ{\´o}mica de las juventudes peruanas}, booktitle = {Subjetividades diversas: An{\´a}lisis de la situaci{\´o}n pol{\´i}tica, social y econ{\´o}mica de las juventudes peruanas}, publisher = {UNESCO}, address = {Montevideo}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {187 -- 209}, language = {es} } @incollection{SalazarMorales, author = {Salazar-Morales, Diego}, title = {Agenda juvenil ind{\´i}gena en el Per{\´u}. Apuntes para un movimiento en construcci{\´o}n}, series = {Movimientos juveniles en Am{\´e}rica Latina y el Caribe: entre la tradici{\´o}n y la innovaci{\´o}n}, booktitle = {Movimientos juveniles en Am{\´e}rica Latina y el Caribe: entre la tradici{\´o}n y la innovaci{\´o}n}, publisher = {UNESCO}, address = {Montevideo}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {233 -- 247}, abstract = {Fragmentaci{\´o}n y desarticulaci{\´o}n son algunas de las caracter{\´i}sticas de las organizaciones ind{\´i}genas en el Per{\´u}. En medio de dicho escenario las agendas juveniles aparecen sub representadas y consumidas por reivindicaciones m{\´a}s "adultas" que se centran en los derechos colectivos y la Ley de Consulta Previa. A lo largo de los a{\~n}os la conformaci{\´o}n de las agendas ind{\´i}genas ha sido reactiva a las acciones del Estado peruano, a su vez, han configurado una coyuntura cr{\´i}tica donde la posesi{\´o}n de los derechos colectivos, por su importancia pol{\´i}tica, ha opacado algunas de las demandas juveniles. El presente art{\´i}culo explora los procesos bajo los cuales se conforman las agendas pol{\´i}ticas ind{\´i}genas y c{\´o}mo estas encuentran una coyuntura cr{\´i}tica con la ratificaci{\´o}n del convenio 169 de la OIT en 1993, dejando a la poblaci{\´o}n ind{\´i}gena joven alrededor de las agendas adultas.}, language = {es} }