@techreport{ResendeCarvalhoCornagoHoeraetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Resende Carvalho, Lucas and Cornago, Elisabetta and H{\"o}ra, Etienne and J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Between a rock and a hard place: Europe's clean tech industry between Trump's policies and Chinese pressure}, publisher = {Bertelsmann Stiftung}, address = {G{\"u}tersloh}, pages = {16}, language = {en} } @techreport{JansenJaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Jansen, Jannik and J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Europe is hollowing out its Green Deal, leaving a vacuum of political vision for others to exploit}, pages = {8}, abstract = {Despite pledges to "stay the course," the EU is quietly hollowing out the Green Deal by weakening the policies meant to deliver its climate targets. This retreat undermines Europe's competitiveness, energy security, and global credibility at a moment of escalating climate and geopolitical risk. Reclaiming and strenghtening the Green Deal remains both an opportunity for economic renewal and a strategic imperative.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Transport Troubles: Why the EU must do more to be competitive with green hydrogen}, abstract = {Renewable hydrogen is often depicted as the silver bullet for EU industry: manufacturers could use hydrogen to decarbonise production and rid themselves of their natural gas dependence. Since Europe cannot generate enough cheap hydrogen itself, the EU plans to import large volumes from world regions that have better wind and solar potential. However, transporting hydrogen over large distances will always be very expensive. Current EU policies do not factor this in sufficiently. Using a new interactive model of hydrogen transport costs, this policy brief discusses the various transport options and outlines EU policies to keep costs low. Hydrogen's high transport costs also imply that some industries won't be competitive in the EU in the long run, which should inform the design of public support packages for businesses in the current crisis.}, language = {en} } @techreport{JansenJaegerRedeker, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Jansen, Jannik and J{\"a}ger, Philipp and Redeker, Nils}, title = {For climate, profits, or resilience? Why, where and how the EU should respond to the Inflation Reduction Act}, pages = {27}, abstract = {The US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) has rekindled European fears of missing out in the global green technology race. However, EU member states still disagree on whether the greater risk lies in doing too much or too little. At heart, there remains significant confusion on which European sectors stand to lose competitiveness; how much the EU should fret about these losses; and whether there is a need for joint support from the EU level to avoid economic divergence. We take a first stab at the existing sectoral evidence. Our results suggest that the IRA will undercut European production costs in several sectors. This does not mean the EU must mimic the US program. However, it does mean that the EU needs to turn its piecemeal Green Deal Industrial Plan into a coherent strategy. This requires a greater focus on green industries in which Europe can develop a competitive edge and more joint financing at the EU level.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Ditching losers: Why the EU should end support for unviable hydrogen applications}, pages = {9}, abstract = {Green hydrogen has become a cornerstone of the EU's industrial policy and decarbonisation plans. The EU plans to spend billions in hydrogen subsidies and provide extensive legislative support. However, its current approach risks throwing good money after bad. Producing renewable hydrogen requires a lot of energy, which means hydrogen will always remain comparatively scarce and expensive. Consequently, many hydrogen applications do not make sense at scale, neither economically nor for the climate. Yet, the EU supports all hydrogen applications without sufficiently factoring in their prospects. This policy brief argues that the EU needs to start ditching losers. Hydrogen applications that are unlikely to be viable should not get public money. To enable the EU to filter out losers, the Commission needs to take a stronger guiding role and bolster its administrative capacities.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {The Green Deal agenda beyond Fit for 55: What the EU needs to tackle in 2023}, pages = {6}, abstract = {The EU's green agenda for 2023 is packed. Beyond finalising and implementing Fit for 55, the EU must react quickly to challenges that emerged recently and which put the climate objectives at risk. This policy position outlines four challenges that are particularly important, urgent and for which it remains unclear what the EU's solution will look like: 1) Avoiding overcapacity of fossil fuel infrastructure; 2) Improving cross-border energy connections; 3) Reforming the electricity market; and 4) Keeping green technologies competitive in the EU.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Europe's engine or wrench in the works? French-German cooperation on EU energy policy}, pages = {13}, abstract = {The "Franco-German Engine" currently stutters more than in the past, especially on energy topics. At times, this obstructs urgently needed policy making at the EU level. This policy brief attempts to illuminate the differences and commonalities between Germany and France on EU energy policy. First, it provides an overview of the German and French energy landscapes and their future objectives. Second, it describes the German and French positions on four controversial energy policy areas: nuclear energy, grid expansion, electricity market reform and guaranteeing low prices for energy-intensive industry. For each area, it identifies the key Franco-German pain-points and opportunities for the way forward.}, language = {en} } @techreport{LindnerFindeisenJaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Lindner, Johannes and Findeisen, Francesco and J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Turning challenges to EU competitiveness into opportunities}, pages = {8}, abstract = {The EU struggles to remain internationally competitive, with pressures intensifying since the Russian war in Ukraine. Many factors, most of them long-standing, determine EU competitiveness, such as lack of skilled labour, digitalisation, or quality of infrastructure. A vast literature exists on how to address these issues. This paper takes a narrower approach by focusing on three more recent levers for the EU to ensure its future competitiveness: devising an EU industrial policy, adapting to the changing energy landscape, and positioning the EU in a geopolitically tense environment.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Rustbelt relics or future keystone? EU policy for energy-intensive industries}, pages = {13}, abstract = {Energy-intensive industries in the EU are facing two main challenges: high energy prices and transitioning to decarbonised production. However, there is as yet no convincing EU-wide strategy for this sector's future. Given that the spectre of 'deindustrialisation' has triggered a readiness to act among the member states, there is a window of opportunity for designing such a strategy and putting it on the next Commission's agenda. This strategy must go beyond lowering energy prices, and factor in that cost pressures on industry to relocate will persist even in the long run, that the economic and resilience value of domestic production is lower than often portrayed, and that industrial decarbonisation is not just an EU but a global must. This policy brief delves into the economic, resilience and climate dimension of supporting energy-intensive industry, aiming to colour in contours of a potential strategy, and suggesting initial policy steps the EU should take.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Lost in Implementation? The Clean Industrial Deal demands urgent and bold delivery}, pages = {12}, abstract = {The EU's Clean Industrial Deal (CID) finally offers a coherent strategy to make clean-tech manufacturing and energy-intensive industries competitive while cutting emissions. But being a high-level document, the CID's success hinges on the still-missing implementation details. The first action plans, for cars and metals, are not encouraging indicators, revealing that measures run the risk of having limited heft, speed and scope. To avoid the CID becoming an empty promise, Brussels must wield its policy tools more forcefully, accelerate key legislation, broaden support to other priority sectors, and provide more clarity on the limits of EU-level policies.}, language = {en} }