@article{KreyenfeldAndersson, author = {Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Andersson, Gunnar}, title = {Socioeconomic differences in the unemployment and fertility nexus: Evidence from Denmark and Germany}, series = {Advances in Life Course Research}, volume = {21}, journal = {Advances in Life Course Research}, issn = {1040-2608}, doi = {10.1016/j.alcr.2014.01.007}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-8148}, pages = {59 -- 73}, abstract = {Studies that have investigated the role of unemployment in childbearing decisions have often shown no or only barely significant results. We argue that many of these "non-findings" may be attributed to a neglect of group-specific differences in behavior. In this study, we examine how the association of unemployment and fertility varies by socio-demographic subgroups using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) and from Danish population registers. We find that male unemployment is related to a postponement of first and second childbearing in both countries. The role of female unemployment is less clear at these two parities. Both male and female unemployment is positively correlated with third birth risks. More importantly, our results show that there are strong educational gradients in the unemployment and fertility nexus, and that the relationship between unemployment and fertility varies by socioeconomic group. Fertility tends to be lower during periods of unemployment among highly educated women and men, but not among their less educated counterparts.}, language = {en} } @techreport{KreyenfeldAnderssonPailhe, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Andersson, Gunnar and Pailh{\´e}, Ariane}, title = {Economic uncertainty and family dynamics in Europe : Introduction to special issue of demographic research}, publisher = {Max-Planck Institut f{\"u}r demografische Forschung}, address = {Rostock}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-8672}, pages = {24}, language = {en} } @article{KreyenfeldAnderssonPailhe, author = {Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Andersson, Gunnar and Pailh{\´e}, Ariane}, title = {Economic uncertainty and family dynamics in Europe: Introduction}, series = {Demographic Research}, volume = {27}, journal = {Demographic Research}, publisher = {Max-Planck Institut f{\"u}r demografische Forschung}, address = {Rostock}, doi = {10.4054/DemRes.2012.27.28}, pages = {835 -- 852}, abstract = {Background: Economic uncertainty has become an increasingly important factor in explanations of declining fertility and postponed family formation across Europe. Yet the micro-level evidence on this topic is still limited. Objective: This special collection of Demographic Research focuses on the issue of how economic and employment uncertainties relate to fertility and family dynamics in Europe. Methods: The collection is comprised of studies that explore how various dimensions of employment uncertainty, such as temporary working contracts and individual and aggregate unemployment, are related to the fertility and family formation of women and men across Europe. The studies cover Germany, the UK, France, Russia, Estonia, Sweden, Italy, Spain, and Israel. Results: The various micro-level studies that are assembled in this special collection do not provide a simple answer to the question of whether and how economic uncertainty suppresses (or stimulates) fertility. However, some systematic variation by welfare state regime is discernable. Conclusions: Given the recent economic volatility in Europe, we expect that labor market uncertainties will remain an important component of explanations of fertility developments in the 21st century.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HankAnderssonDuvanderetal., author = {Hank, Karsten and Andersson, Gunnar and Duvander, Ann-Zophie and Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Spieß, Katharina}, title = {{\"O}ffentliche Kinderbetreuung und individuelle Fertilit{\"a}tsentscheidungen in Deutschland und Schweden}, series = {Psychosozial}, volume = {27}, booktitle = {Psychosozial}, number = {1}, publisher = {Psychosozial Verl.}, address = {Gießen}, issn = {0171-3434}, pages = {47 -- 57}, language = {de} } @article{KreyenfeldAnderssonMika, author = {Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Andersson, Gunnar and Mika, Tatjana}, title = {Welfare state context, female labour-market attachment and childbearing in Germany and Denmark}, series = {Journal of Population Research}, volume = {31}, journal = {Journal of Population Research}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, issn = {1835-9469}, doi = {10.1007/s12546-014-9135-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-16723}, pages = {287 -- 316}, abstract = {This study investigates the role of female labour-market attachment and earnings in childbearing progressions in two very different European contexts. By applying event-history techniques to German and Danish register data during 1981-2001, we demonstrate how female earnings relate to first, second and third birth propensities. Our study shows that female earnings are positively associated with first birth fertility in Denmark, while this is not the case in West Germany. We interpret our findings based on the fact that Danish social context and policy encourage women to establish themselves in the labour market before becoming mothers, while the German institutional context during the 1980s and 1990s was not geared towards encouraging maternal employment. For higher-order births, the results are less clearcut. For Denmark we find a slightly positive correlation between female earnings and second-birth fertility, while the association is somewhat negative for third-order births. In Germany, women tend to leave the labour market when becoming mothers. Non-employed mothers have elevated second and, in particular, third-birth rates. For the group of mothers who are employed, we find only a weak association between their earnings and higher-order fertility.}, language = {en} }