@techreport{ArlinghausKoncMattauchetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Arlinghaus, Johanna and Konc, Th{\´e}o and Mattauch, Linus and Sommer, Stephan}, title = {The effect of framing on policy support: Experimental evidence from urban transport policies}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 77}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5964}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-59648}, pages = {67}, abstract = {Do citizens support policy instruments because they appreciate their effects or because they are convinced by their objectives? We administered a large-scale representative survey with randomised video treatments to test how different policy frames - time savings, health and environment - affect citizens' attitudes towards urban tolls in two large European metropolitan areas, Berlin-Brandenburg and Paris-Ile de France. Presenting urban tolls as a solution to air pollution increases support by up to 11.4 percentage points, presenting them as a climate change or congestion relief measure increases support by 7.1 and 6.5 percentage points, respectively. We demonstrate via a causal mediation analysis that the observed changes in policy support are mainly framing effects; changes in beliefs about policy effects play a secondary role. Thus, we uncover a new mechanism shaping public opinion on economic policies: the stated objectives of an identical policy design can shape citizens' views in distinct ways.}, language = {en} } @techreport{FunkeKoncMattauchetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Funke, Franziska and Konc, Th{\´e}o and Mattauch, Linus and Pahle, Michael and Schwarz, Antonia and Sommer, Stephan}, title = {Prices vs. Quantities from a Citizen's Perspective}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 76}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5950}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-59502}, pages = {88}, abstract = {We propose a theory of public appraisal and employ it to explain divergent public opinion on similar economic policy instruments. In a survey-based policy design experiment with 13,665 respondents from seven European countries, we study how policy perceptions and support rates differ across carbon pricing designed as "carbon taxation" and "emissions trading". While there is considerable cross-country variation in the appraisal of both instruments, the emissions trading design reduces opposition in all countries except Germany. We find that the treatment effects of instrument design on policy perceptions are substantial: carbon taxes are consistently more often perceived as increasing the state budget, harming the economy, and increasing costs of living and production. Using causal mediation analysis, we ascertain that lower opposition to emissions trading is partly due to its perception as less costly. Overall, our results suggest that the public consistently perceives taxes as a "tougher" measure, and that emissions trading appeals more to European constituencies not already supportive of climate policy.}, language = {en} } @techreport{ArlinghausKoncMattauchetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Arlinghaus, Johanna and Konc, Th{\´e}o and Mattauch, Linus and Sommer, Stephan}, title = {The effect of information framing on policy support: Experimental evidence from urban policies}, series = {Jahrestagung des Vereins f{\"u}r Socialpolitik 2024: Upcoming Labor Market Challenges}, journal = {Jahrestagung des Vereins f{\"u}r Socialpolitik 2024: Upcoming Labor Market Challenges}, publisher = {ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics}, address = {Kiel, Hamburg}, pages = {38}, abstract = {Does information influence policy support? We administer a large-scale representative survey with randomised video treatments to test how different policy frames affect citizens' attitudes towards urban tolls in two large European metropolitan areas without tolls, Berlin-Brandenburg and Paris-Ile de France. Providing information on air pollution increases support by up to 11.4\%p, information on climate change and time savings increase support by 7.1 and 6.5 \%p, respectively. Treatment effects are stronger in the Paris region, where initial support is lower. We also investigate treatment effect heterogeneity across different socioeconomic characteristics as well as by prior beliefs held about the severity of environmental and traffic problems, and we find weak spillovers of our treatment on the support of other policies. Our findings imply that targeted communication of policy co-benefits can increase policy support across different population groups.}, language = {en} } @techreport{ArlinghausKoncMattauchetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Arlinghaus, Johanna and Konc, Th{\´e}o and Mattauch, Linus and Sommer, Stephan}, title = {The effect of framing on policy support: Experimental evidence from urban transport policies}, publisher = {SSRN}, doi = {10.2139/ssrn.5359102}, pages = {63}, abstract = {Do citizens support policy instruments because they appreciate their effects or because they are convinced by their objectives? We administered a large-scale representative survey with randomised video treatments to test how different policy frames - time savings, health and environment - affect citizens' attitudes towards urban tolls in two large European metropolitan areas, Berlin-Brandenburg and Paris-Ile de France. Presenting urban tolls as a solution to air pollution increases support by up to 11.4\%p, presenting them as a climate change or congestion relief measure increases support by 7.1 and 6.5 \%p, respectively. A causal mediation analysis demonstrates that the observed changes in policy support are mainly framing effects, changes in beliefs about policy effects play a secondary role. Thus, we exhibit a new effect in public opinion about economic policies: Different specified objectives for the same policy design can affect citizen's views differently.}, language = {en} } @techreport{SommerKoncDrews, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Sommer, Stephan and Konc, Th{\´e}o and Drews, Stefan}, title = {How resilient is public support for carbon pricing? Longitudinal evidence from Germany}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 21}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5023}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-50233}, pages = {44}, abstract = {The success of climate policies depends crucially on the dynamics of public support. Using unique longitudinal data from three surveys conducted between 2019 and 2022, we study the variations of public support for carbon pricing in Germany. The period includes two relevant events: the introduction and ramping up of carbon pricing in Germany and the exogenous increase in energy prices following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Using panel methods, we show that support is very persistent over time and might have increased slightly more recently. However, people who experience high energy costs display a lower support. Regarding revenue use, we detect that social cushioning has become more popular after the introduction of carbon pricing. Our findings suggest that it is crucial to gather enough support before implementing climate policies.}, language = {en} } @techreport{LeviWolfSommer, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Levi, Sebastian and Wolf, Ingo and Sommer, Stephan}, title = {Geographische und zeitliche Unterschiede in der Zustimmung zu Klimaschutzpolitik in Deutschland}, publisher = {Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {35}, abstract = {Um die ambitionierten Klimaschutzziele zu erreichen, braucht Deutschland effektive Instrumente und Maßnahmen auf nationaler, bundesstaatlicher und kommunaler Ebene. Der Erfolg dieser Politik wird maßgeblich davon abh{\"a}ngen, ob es gelingt, eine breite gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz und Unterst{\"u}tzung f{\"u}r diese Maßnahmen auf den entsprechenden Ebenen zu erreichen. Die Haltung der Bev{\"o}lkerung wird jedoch in der Regel auf nationaler Ebene {\"u}ber Umfragen gemessen, die geographische Unterschiede dabei auf den subnationalen Ebenen außer Acht lassen. Im Rahmen dieser Analyse sch{\"a}tzen wir die durchschnittliche Bev{\"o}lkerungszustimmung zu 26 Klimaschutzmaßnahmen in den Sektoren W{\"a}rme, Transport und Energie auf Bundesland-, Landkreis- und kommunaler Ebene zwischen 2017 und 2021 mittels eines mehrstufigen Regressions- und Poststratifizierungsmodells. Die Sch{\"a}tzungen basieren auf zwei bundesweit repr{\"a}sentativen Panel-Umfragen, dem Sozialen Nachhaltigkeitsbarometer und dem Ariadne W{\"a}rme-\& Wohnen-Panel. Durch die Analyse werden erhebliche regionale Unterschiede in der Zustimmung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen in der deutschen Bev{\"o}lkerung sichtbar. Die Bef{\"u}rwortung einzelner Klimaschutzmaßnahmen variiert teilweise um bis zu 60 Prozentpunkte zwischen den untersuchten geographischen Einheiten. In der Gesamtbetrachtung der r{\"a}umlichen Disparit{\"a}ten zeichnen sich bedeutsame Unterschiede zwischen Stadt- und Landbev{\"o}lkerung sowie West- und Ostdeutschland ab. Im zeitlichen Verlauf haben sich dabei die Einstellungen gegen{\"u}ber einzelnen Maßnahmen, wie beispielsweise dem Ausbau von Wind- und Solarkraftanlagen, angen{\"a}hert, w{\"a}hrend die {\"o}ffentliche Meinung zu anderen energiepolitischen Instrumenten, wie dem Kohleausstieg, im Laufe der Jahre polarisieren. Mittels einer zus{\"a}tzlich durchgef{\"u}hrten r{\"a}umlichen Panelanalyse k{\"o}nnen wir zudem zeigen, dass sich die Ver{\"a}nderungen von bestimmten Kontextfaktoren auf die Zustimmung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen auf kommunaler Ebene auswirken. So finden wir einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen der Bef{\"u}rwortung des Ausbaus von Wind- und Solarkraftanlagen und dem tats{\"a}chlichen Zubau an Solar- und Windkapazit{\"a}ten in diesen Regionen. Ferner wird die Haltung gegen{\"u}ber klimapolitischen Maßnahmen stark von r{\"a}umlichen Diffusionseffekten, d.h. der Ausbreitung von Einstellungen im sozialen Umfeld, bestimmt, wie der Einfluss von Meinungs{\"a}nderungen in einer Region auf deren Nachbarregionen veranschaulicht. Die in diesem Bericht und auf dem interaktiven Online-Dashboard zur Verf{\"u}gung gestellten Sch{\"a}tzungen der Zustimmung zu Klimaschutzmaßnahmen, stellen eine wichtige Informationsgrundlage f{\"u}r politische Entscheidungstr{\"a}ger:innen dar, um den gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen effektiv zu begegnen. Alle generierten Daten sind im Online-Dashboard „Lokale Klimaschutzeinstellungen in Deutschland" unter https://hertie-school-ariadne.shinyapps.io/LocalAttitudesDashboard/ einsehbar.}, language = {de} }