@article{Wriedt, author = {Wriedt, Vera}, title = {Rezension: The Prohibition of Collective Expulsion in International Law}, series = {Kritische Justiz}, volume = {54}, journal = {Kritische Justiz}, number = {2}, publisher = {Nomos Verlag}, issn = {0023-4834}, doi = {10.5771/0023-4834-2021-2-247}, pages = {255 -- 259}, language = {de} } @article{Galand, author = {Galand, Alexandre Skander}, title = {The Nature of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (and its Amended Jurisdictional Scheme)}, series = {Journal of International Criminal Justice}, volume = {17}, journal = {Journal of International Criminal Justice}, number = {5}, issn = {1478-1387}, doi = {10.1093/jicj/mqz051}, pages = {933 -- 956}, abstract = {This article shows that in the 20 years following the adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court its nature has surfed on three waves. Building upon the Court's case law on the principle of legality and the immunity of state officials from non-party states, it shows that the Statute was initially conceived to be of universal nature, transcending the interests of all states. However, following a series of pushbacks, the Court revised this case law to rightly acknowledge that its Statute is first of all a multilateral treaty regulating the conduct committed in the territory and by nationals of its states parties. Yet, this second wave maintained the potential for the Statute to be universally applicable when the Court's jurisdiction is based on ad hoc declarations of acceptance or Security Council referrals. However, the journey to amend the Statute to define the crime of aggression and new war crimes might have made the prospects for universal application dependent upon universal ratification. This article argues that this third wave certainly evinces a novel shift towards state consent, but that direct and indirect forms of consent can still premise the Court's jurisdiction over situations concerning states which have not ratified the Statute or its amendments.}, language = {en} } @article{AuzVaca, author = {Auz Vaca, Juan}, title = {La Crisis Clim{\´a}tica y sus impactos en los Derechos: una Mirada en Clave Latinoamericana}, series = {Justicia Ambiental}, journal = {Justicia Ambiental}, number = {11}, issn = {0718-736x}, pages = {41 -- 47}, language = {es} } @misc{OPUS4-5491, title = {Sovereignty, Technology and Governance after COVID-19: Legal Challenges in a Post-Pandemic Europe}, editor = {De Abreu Duarte, Francisco and Palmiotto Ettorre, Francesca}, publisher = {Bloomsbury Publishing}, isbn = {9781509955985}, pages = {264}, abstract = {This book imagines how Europe might re-organise and re-group after the COVID-19 crisis by assessing its effectiveness when responding to it. For this purpose, it directs its focus on: i) sovereignty challenges; ii) technological challenges and iii) governance challenges. These three challenges do not present hermetic legal problems, they intersect and connect on many levels. The book shows this by examining the relationship between public and private power, and illustrating how the rise of technocratic authority is deeply connected to the choice of technological solutions. It illustrates how constitutional decisions taken during states of emergency give rise to private governance challenges related to cybersecurity and data protection. Experts from the fields of EU governance, data protection, and technology explore these questions to provide answers to how the EU might develop in the future.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-5489, title = {IOM Unbound? Obligations and Accountability of the International Organization for Migration in an Era of Expansion}, editor = {Bradley, Megan and Costello, Cathryn and Sherwood, Angela}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, isbn = {9781009184175}, doi = {10.1017/9781009184175}, publisher = {Hertie School}, abstract = {It is an era of expansion for the International Organization for Migration (IOM), an increasingly influential actor in the global governance of migration. Bringing together leading experts in international law and international relations, this collection examines the dynamics and implications of IOM's expansion in a new way. Analyzing IOM as an international organization (IO), the book illuminates the practices, obligations and accountability of this powerful but controversial actor, advancing understanding of IOM itself and broader struggles for IO accountability. The contributions explore key, yet often under-researched, IOM activities including its role in humanitarian emergencies, internal displacement, data collection, ethical labour recruitment, and migrant detention. Offering recommendations for reforms rooted in empirical evidence and careful normative analysis, this is a vital resource for all those interested in the obligations and accountability of international organizations, and in the field of migration.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kleinaltenkamp, author = {Kleinaltenkamp, Moritz J.}, title = {The Future Is Now: Non-Linear Temporality in Blockchain Organizing}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5487}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54871}, school = {Hertie School}, pages = {101}, abstract = {This cumulative dissertation advances management scholarship by studying the novel phenomenon of Blockchain organizing. Blockchain is an emerging technology that facilitates the maintenance of data across networks of computers, as opposed to more traditional central servers. These distributed data maintenance capabilities may have wide-ranging consequences. Ever since Blockchain's inception in 2008, a discourse identifying this technology as an enabler of radically new and decentralized modes of collective and societal coordination has gained traction. "Blockchain organizing" refers to practices in which such Blockchain technology artefacts are being developed, implemented, and/or utilized by organizations. Studying these practices presents a unique opportunity to further management scholarship; particularly subjective time research following the neo-institutional tradition. Blockchain is not only an emerging technology associated with significant future expectations, but further a meta-organizational technology whose very raison d'{\^e}tre is the transformation of entrenched organizational structures. When organizational actors develop, implement, and/or utilize Blockchain technology, bureaucratic ways of organizing that have been established in the past and continue to be legitimized in the present may become reevaluated in light of bold visions for an organizational and societal future that looks radically different. The dissertation at hand utilizes this Blockchain context as an exemplary case to develop theory on how transformative future visions and expectations associated with emerging technologies may become instantiated within the present, and conceptualizes this phenomenon as "present-future convergence". Developed based on a field-level pilot study that led to an 18-month ethnographic engagement with one Blockchain start-up, the three papers gathered in the dissertation utilize an interpretivist approach to explain how present-future convergence is rooted in conjoined processes of intra- and inter-subjective temporal experience. Furthermore, the papers highlight the counterintuitive consequences that present-future convergence may have for processes of technological, organizational, and societal change. In doing so, the dissertation opens promising research avenues at the intersection of temporality, performativity, and sociomateriality, and contributes to scholarly understanding of Blockchain organizing. Practically speaking, the dissertation helps answer the question of how actors may "pull" the future into the present to realize transformative future visions like those associated with emerging technologies.}, language = {en} } @incollection{AnheierToepler, author = {Anheier, Helmut K. and Toepler, Stefan}, title = {The Changing Context of Nonprofit Management: Broad Trends and Policy Challenges}, series = {The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management}, booktitle = {The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management}, editor = {Renz, David O. and Brown, William A. and Andersson, Fredrik O.}, edition = {5th}, publisher = {Jossey-Bass}, isbn = {978-1-394-19887-0}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {7 -- 29}, language = {en} } @techreport{JansenNguyen, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Jansen, Jannik and Nguyen, Thu}, title = {Between Continuity and a Perforated 'Cordon Sanitaire' - On the 2024 European Elections}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Between 6-9 July 2024, the 720 members of the European Parliament were elected across 27 Member States. While the elections have not led to a landslide shift to the right, there is a notable consolidation of far-right parties at the European level. Still, the pro-European centre is holding firm and maintains a majority. In this Policy Brief, Jannik Jansen and Thu Nguyen argue that the results likely indicate by-and-large continuity in the European Parliament, including an ongoing shift to the right on contested issues due to a perforated 'cordon sanitaire'. But the election results had heavily disruptive consequences on the national level, which in France has triggered snap parliamentary elections. This will have pronounced impact on the balance of power in the (European) Council and on the EU as a whole.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Daub, author = {Daub, Sara}, title = {External Diaspora Sponsorship to Rebel Organizations. Causes and Consequences}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5484}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54847}, school = {Hertie School}, pages = {xiv, 307}, abstract = {While intrastate conflicts remain the dominant form of armed conflict and migration receives increasing attention, the international dimension of civil wars, particularly non-state sponsorship, has largely been overlooked. This dissertation examines the phenomenon of diasporas as external sponsors in intrastate conflicts. It investigates: (1) Why do diasporas support rebel organizations? (2) Under what conditions is diaspora support more or less likely? (3) How does diaspora sponsorship of rebel organizations impact civilian victimization and rebel governance? To understand the logic of diaspora support, I employ a principal-agent framework. Conflict, rebel group, diaspora, and homeland characteristics are determinants of diaspora sponsorship. I argue that diasporas aim for kin support and changes in the homeland and consequently prefer limited violence against civilians and co-ethnic civilians. Diasporas benefit from delegating the task of combat and limited civilian victimization but risk agency slack. Concurrently, the rebel organization gains additional resources but loses autonomy. I introduce an information-sharing mechanism between co-ethnics in the conflict zone and the diaspora, which enhances the monitoring capability of the diaspora. I employ a mixed-methods approach to answer the research questions. Interviews conducted in the Washington DC area with members of various diasporas and experts provide evidence for the information-sharing between the diaspora and co-ethnics. I produced a unique data set on diaspora support for African and Asian intrastate conflicts between 1989 and 2014. Findings from multiple large-N analyses, utilizing extreme bounds analysis, logistic regression, and negative binomial analyses, serve as the empirical base for examining the causes and consequences of diaspora sponsorship to rebel organizations. I demonstrate that conflict and rebel group characteristics are strong determinants of diaspora sponsorship, while homeland and diaspora characteristics yield mixed results. Diaspora support significantly reduces the number of civilian killings. The impacts on ethnic violence and rebel governance are heterogeneous. Overall, this dissertation enriches our understanding of diasporas' roles as external actors in conflict dynamics and as non-state sponsors for rebel organizations. It opens further avenues for researching civilian-rebel relationships and host country-homeland dynamics. Policy discussions may follow around monitoring of sponsorship activities and the responsibilities of host countries.}, language = {en} } @article{Knudsen, author = {Knudsen, Edward L.}, title = {Stable or stagnant? Political economy and governance in the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Germany since 2000}, series = {Global Policy}, volume = {14}, journal = {Global Policy}, number = {S4}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1758-5880}, doi = {10.1111/1758-5899.13271}, pages = {90 -- 103}, abstract = {At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the large democracies of Western Europe experienced some of the most prosperous and peaceful decades in human history. Specifically, the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Germany experienced high and stable quality of life, democratic accountability and state capacity between 2000 and 2019, according to the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index. While all four of these countries are among the top performers in the Index, substantial problems lurk beneath the surface. Notably, each failed to capitalise on the low interest rate environment in the decade following the global financial crisis of 2007-2009—albeit in different ways and for different reasons in each country. In particular, low investment in infrastructure and key technologies, the persistence of stubborn regional inequalities, and resulting sluggish GDP growth have prevented the 'Big Four' in Western Europe from improving further and future-proofing their existing gains.}, language = {en} } @article{Knudsen, author = {Knudsen, Edward L.}, title = {Escape from the 'lost decades?' Governance challenges in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela}, series = {Global Policy}, volume = {14}, journal = {Global Policy}, number = {S4}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1758-5880}, doi = {10.1111/1758-5899.13279}, pages = {113 -- 123}, abstract = {Much of Latin America has experienced a renewed 'lost decade', failing to substantially expand quality of life since the late 2000s. While the outcomes of governance performance across the largest countries - including Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina - have discrete causes, common themes like internal conflict, corruption, and overreliance on natural resources plague the entire region. Put more generally, the inability to turn democratic accountability into a state mechanism able to deliver economic growth and public goods in a sustainable manner is a liability affecting all five countries. To explore the difficulties that the large Latin American countries have faced in the twenty-first century, this article examines results from the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index, and then presents three key issues facing the region: insufficient state capacity, flirtations with authoritarianism, and economic inequality and inflation. While the challenges remain substantial, increased regional integration may offer one way out of the predicament.}, language = {en} } @article{Knudsen, author = {Knudsen, Edward L.}, title = {A falling star? Origins of declining state capacity and democratic accountability in the United States}, series = {Global Policy}, volume = {14}, journal = {Global Policy}, number = {S4}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1758-5880}, doi = {10.1111/1758-5899.13282}, pages = {47 -- 57}, abstract = {AbstractThe United States—often hailed as the 'oldest democracy in the world' and the 'leader of the free world'—has fallen on hard times. In addition to recent headline-grabbing political events that have highlighted its political dysfunction, data from the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index (BGI) reveal that overall state capacity and democratic accountability have been declining for years. Although public goods provision has remained on a steady course, the US still trails much of the developed world. We find this struggling performance is largely the result of neglecting three types of infrastructure: civic, physical and social. Specifically, we argue that the crisis became particularly pronounced due to an insufficient response to the 2008 global financial crisis. Although some recent political achievements could slow the decline, more drastic action will be required to reverse these troubling trends.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Almost a free lunch: Boosting investment predictability for the Green Deal}, pages = {7}, abstract = {Implementing the EU Green Deal requires annual investments of about €620 billion, most of which will have to be shouldered by the private sector. However, businesses and households are not investing enough as of now. An important lever for greater green investment is reducing uncertainty around such investment. At the start of the next institutional cycle, the EU should hence improve regulatory certainty for green investments, which should be palatable to most parties likely to form a majority in the Parliament. In addition, the EU should adopt concrete tools that reduce cost uncertainty for companies and households in a pragmatic manner. To this end, this policy position recommends using green lead markets and proposes moves to explore two novel mechanisms that cost taxpayers little to nothing but should boost green investments.}, language = {en} } @techreport{FlachslandEdenhoferZwar, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Flachsland, Christian and Edenhofer, Jacob and Zwar, Claudia}, title = {Eine vertane Chance, aber keine Katastrophe: Die Novelle des Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetzes}, series = {Verfassungsblog}, journal = {Verfassungsblog}, number = {2024/05/06}, doi = {10.59704/2c0758cc33ed9dc3}, language = {de} } @techreport{HunoldPetrishcheva, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hunold, Matthias and Petrishcheva, Vasilisa}, title = {Foreclosure and Profit Shifting with Partial Vertical Ownership}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 41}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5477}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54774}, pages = {74}, abstract = {We demonstrate how the incentives of firms that partially own their suppliers or customers to foreclose rivals depend on how the partial owner can extract profits from the target. Compared to a fully vertically integrated firm, a partial owner may obtain only a share of the target's profit but influence the target's strategy significantly. We show that the incentives for customer and input foreclosure can be higher, equal, or even lower with partial ownership than with a vertical merger, depending on how the protection of minority shareholders and transfer price regulations affect the scope for profit extraction.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Leichthammer, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Leichthammer, Arthur}, title = {Mining for Tomorrow: The strategic importance of critical raw materials for Europe's industry}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Arthur Leichthammer, Geoeconomics Policy Fellow at the Jacques Delors Centre, argues that the EU needs a strategic rethink to safeguard its critical raw materials supplies as global competition intensifies.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Quaritsch, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Quaritsch, Luise}, title = {Political Advertising in the 2024 European elections - Between Europeanisation and the protection of electoral integrity online}, pages = {8}, abstract = {Election campaigns are increasingly conducted online. Social media platforms in particular shape political discourse and facilitate new ways of delivering political messages. This was initially considered a boon for democracy, but opaque manipulation tactics quickly turned it into a threat to fair and transparent elections. National regulatory frameworks have often proved to be inadequate for online campaigns and the transnational nature of European elections. The EU has reacted to this with a regulation on political advertising. The initiative facilitates transnational campaigning online and aims to protect the integrity of European elections. The 2024 European elections will be the first time EU rules operate in this area, putting these to the test. This election cycle will indicate whether political actors are striking out for more cross-border campaigns and whether they suffice to protect European elections. Critical here is how online platforms implement the new rules and how transparent they are about campaign-related posts on their sites.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Shahini, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Shahini, Besa}, title = {Towards Enlargement - How to Rebuild Trust in the EU Accession Process}, pages = {8}, abstract = {EU enlargement has historically fostered economic growth and political stability. In the Western Balkans, however, the process has stalled for many years due to the myriad crises afflicting the EU and failure to deliver reforms in the Western Balkans. This policy brief examines the evolution of the EU accession process, the challenges faced by candidate countries, and the need for a revitalized approach that builds reforms into the accession process rather than keep them a precondition for kickstarting it. It calls for the EU to remove bilateral disputes from the process and open accession talks with all candidate countries in all areas covered by the acquis, ensuring that all candidate countries have a fair chance based on their merits.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Lohse, author = {Lohse, Anna Prisca}, title = {Higher Education in an Age of Disruption: Comparing European Internationalisation Policies}, publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783031579110}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-57912-7}, school = {Hertie School}, pages = {XXIV, 338}, abstract = {This book investigates European higher education internationalisation policies during a period marked by extreme upheaval due to Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic. Situating her analysis at the intersection of higher education research and policy studies, the author combines historical and sociological institutionalism to investigate how this time of disruption impacted higher education policies in England, France and Germany. Based on extensive qualitative data derived from expert interviews and document analysis, the study offers timely insights into dynamics of institutional change and stability in higher education governance, as well as implications for the future of cross-border education and internationalisation. The book will appeal to academics and students interested in education policy and the internationalisation of higher education.}, language = {en} } @article{HirthKhannaRuhnau, author = {Hirth, Lion and Khanna, Tarun M. and Ruhnau, Oliver}, title = {How aggregate electricity demand responds to hourly wholesale price fluctuations}, series = {Energy Economics}, volume = {135}, journal = {Energy Economics}, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, issn = {0140-9883}, doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107652}, abstract = {Electricity needs to be consumed at the very moment of production, leading wholesale prices to fluctuate widely at (sub-)hourly time scales. This article investigates the response of aggregate electricity demand to such price variations. Using wind energy as an instrument, we estimate a significant and robust short-term price elasticity of about -0.05 in Germany and attribute this to industrial consumers. As the share of consumption that is exposed to real-time prices (currently less than 25\%) expands, we expect the aggregated price elasticity to grow.}, language = {en} } @incollection{KreyenfeldSchmauckMika, author = {Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Schmauck, Sarah and Mika, Tatjana}, title = {Der Wandel der Lebensformen und seine Bedeutung f{\"u}r die Alterssicherung in Deutschland}, series = {Gerechte Rente: Sozialethische Perspektiven einer interdisziplin{\"a}ren Sondierung der Alterssicherung}, booktitle = {Gerechte Rente: Sozialethische Perspektiven einer interdisziplin{\"a}ren Sondierung der Alterssicherung}, editor = {Karger-Kroll, Anna and Sch{\"a}fers, Lars}, publisher = {Nomos}, isbn = {978-3-7560-1712-6}, publisher = {Hertie School}, language = {de} } @article{AllcottGentzkowMasonetal., author = {Allcott, Hunt and Gentzkow, Matthew and Mason, Winter and Wilkins, Arjun and Barber{\´a}, Pablo and Brown, Taylor and Cisneros, Juan Carlos and Crespo-Tenorio, Adriana and Dimmery, Drew and Freelon, Deen and Gonz{\´a}lez-Bail{\´o}n, Sandra and Guess, Andrew M. and Kim, Young Mie and Lazer, David and Malhotra, Neil and Moehler, Devra and Nair-Desai, Sameer and Nait El Barj, Houda and Nyhan, Brendan and Paixao de Queiroz, Ana Carolina and Pan, Jennifer and Settle, Jaime and Thorson, Emily and Tromble, Rebekah and Velasco Rivera, Carlos and Wittenbrink, Benjamin and Wojcieszak, Magdalena and Zahedian, Saam and Franco, Annie and Kiewiet de Jonge, Chad and Stroud, Natalie Jomini and Tucker, Joshua A.}, title = {The effects of Facebook and Instagram on the 2020 election: A deactivation experiment}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, volume = {121}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, number = {21}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2321584121}, abstract = {We study the effect of Facebook and Instagram access on political beliefs, attitudes, and behavior by randomizing a subset of 19,857 Facebook users and 15,585 Instagram users to deactivate their accounts for 6 wk before the 2020 U.S. election. We report four key findings. First, both Facebook and Instagram deactivation reduced an index of political participation (driven mainly by reduced participation online). Second, Facebook deactivation had no significant effect on an index of knowledge, but secondary analyses suggest that it reduced knowledge of general news while possibly also decreasing belief in misinformation circulating online. Third, Facebook deactivation may have reduced self-reported net votes for Trump, though this effect does not meet our preregistered significance threshold. Finally, the effects of both Facebook and Instagram deactivation on affective and issue polarization, perceived legitimacy of the election, candidate favorability, and voter turnout were all precisely estimated and close to zero.}, language = {en} } @techreport{StieweXuEickeetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Stiewe, Clemens and Xu, Alice Lixuan and Eicke, Anselm and Hirth, Lion}, title = {Cross-border cannibalization: Spillover effects of wind and solar energy on interconnected European electricity markets}, publisher = {arXiv}, doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2405.17166}, pages = {25}, abstract = {The average revenue, or market value, of wind and solar energy tends to fall with increasing market shares, as is now evident across European electricity markets. At the same time, these markets have become more interconnected. In this paper, we empirically study the multiple cross-border effects on the value of renewable energy: on one hand, interconnection is a flexibility resource that allows to export energy when it is locally abundant, benefitting renewables. On the other hand, wind and solar radiation are correlated across space, so neighboring supply adds to the local one to depress domestic prices. We estimate both effects, using spatial panel regression on electricity market data from 2015 to 2023 from 30 European bidding zones. We find that domestic wind and solar value is not only depressed by domestic, but also by neighboring renewables expansion. The better interconnected a market is, the smaller the effect of domestic but the larger the effect of neighboring renewables. While wind value is stabilized by interconnection, solar value is not. If wind market share increases both at home and in neighboring markets by one percentage point, the value factor of wind energy is reduced by just above 1 percentage points. For solar, this number is almost 4 percentage points.}, language = {en} } @techreport{LindemannStoetzer, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Lindemann, Korinna and Stoetzer, Lukas F.}, title = {The Effect of Televised Candidate Debates on the Support for Political Parties}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5438}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54385}, pages = {72}, abstract = {During campaigns for legislative elections, a large portion of the general public follows televised debates between the front-running candidates. How can the candidates use the public interest in the debates to increase the support for their party? In this article, we argue that especially challenger candidates can improve the public perception of their valence qualities, such as personal integrity, leadership, and competence, and can - as a result - improve the support of their parties. We expect the perceived policy stances of the candidates to matter less, as parties often already have well-defined policy profiles that matter to voters. Building on televised debate experiments during the German Federal Elections of 2009 and 2013, we analyse the effect of the debates on party vote and in how far this relationship is mediated by changes in valence and policy evaluations of the candidates. Results show that changes of candidate valence, but not changes in policy perceptions, of the social-democratic front-running candidates mediate the vote intention for the party. Respondents who perceived the candidates more competent, empathetic and have integrity as a result of the debate are more likely to vote for their party. Our analysis further reveals, however, that this valence effect does not carry-over to vote intention briefly before the election.}, language = {en} } @article{BarronDitlmannGehrigetal., author = {Barron, Kai and Ditlmann, Ruth K. and Gehrig, Stefan and Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian}, title = {Explicit and Implicit Belief-Based Gender Discrimination: A Hiring Experiment}, series = {Management Science}, journal = {Management Science}, issn = {0025-1909 (print)}, doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2022.01229}, abstract = {This paper studies a key element of discrimination, namely, when stereotypes translate into discriminatory actions. Using a hiring experiment, we rule out taste-based discrimination by design and test for the presence of two types of belief-based gender discrimination. We document evidence of explicit discriminators—individuals who are willing to discriminate even when their hiring choices are highly revealing of their gender-biased beliefs. Crucially, we also identify implicit discriminators—individuals who do not discriminate against women when taking a discriminatory action is highly revealing of their biased beliefs, but do discriminate against women when their biased motive is obscured. Our analysis highlights the central role played by features of the choice environment in determining whether and how discrimination will manifest. We conclude by discussing the implications for policy design.}, language = {en} } @article{DessyMairXhauflair, author = {Dessy, Elodie and Mair, Johanna and Xhauflair, Virginie}, title = {Organizational diversity of social-mission platforms: Advancing a configurational research agenda}, series = {Information and Organization}, volume = {34}, journal = {Information and Organization}, number = {3}, issn = {1471-7727}, doi = {10.1016/j.infoandorg.2024.100514.}, abstract = {Social-mission platforms (SMPs), or platforms that facilitate the interactions between stakeholders across sectors and help them exchange resources to make progress on social and environmental problems, have emerged on a global scale. However, despite their prevalence, little is known about how SMPs organize to orchestrate collective efforts of social innovation. Taking stock of information systems and organizational literature on platforms, we identify four dimensions inherent in platform organizing (i.e., identity, boundary, governance, and technology). We then analyze three case studies to interrogate how these organizing dimensions manifest in SMPs. As a result, we offer a conceptual framework highlighting the trade-offs SMPs face, specifying the design choices they can make, and exposing the interdependences between dimensions. We further illustrate how these interdependences inform a configurational perspective of SMPs and suggest avenues to advance a configurational research agenda to deepen understanding of SMPs as effective vehicles to address Grand Challenges.}, language = {en} } @article{AlonsoPerezHeisigKreyenfeldetal., author = {Alonso-Perez, Enrique and Heisig, Jan Paul and Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Gellert, Paul and O'Sullivan, Julie Lorraine}, title = {Intersectional inequalities in the transition to grandparenthood and cognitive functioning: A longitudinal Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA)}, series = {The Journals of Gerontology: Series B}, journal = {The Journals of Gerontology: Series B}, doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbae088}, abstract = {Objectives In aging societies, more people become vulnerable to experiencing cognitive decline. Simultaneously, the role of grandparenthood is central for older adults and their families. Our study investigates inequalities in the level and trajectories of cognitive functioning among older adults, focusing on possible intersectional effects of social determinants and grandparenthood as a life course transition that may contribute to delaying cognitive decline. Methods Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we analyzed a sample of 19,953 individuals aged 50-85 without grandchildren at baseline. We applied Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy to investigate variation in cognitive functioning across 48 intersectional strata, defined by sex/gender, migration, education, and occupation. We allowed the impact of becoming a grandparent on cognitive functioning trajectories to vary across strata by including random slopes. Results Intersectional strata accounted for 17.43\% of the overall variance in cognitive functioning, with most of the stratum-level variation explained by additive effects of the stratum-defining characteristics. Transition to grandparenthood was associated with higher cognitive functioning, showing a stronger effect for women. Stratum-level variation in the grandparenthood effect was modest, especially after accounting for interactions between grandparenthood and the stratum-defining variables. Discussion This study highlights the importance of social determinants for understanding heterogeneities in older adults' level of cognitive functioning and its association with the transition to grandparenthood. Cumulative disadvantages negatively affect cognitive functioning, hence adopting an intersectional lens is useful to decompose inequalities and derive tailored interventions to promote equal healthy aging.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Jerg, author = {Jerg, Lukas}, title = {New forms of economic risk and political attitudes: Analyzing the influence of technological change and financialization in housing on political attitudes. Examining the effect of personality on the prevalence and persistence of atypical employment.}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5392}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53927}, school = {Hertie School}, pages = {167}, language = {en} } @article{DoebbelingHildebrandtMierschKhannaetal., author = {D{\"o}bbeling-Hildebrandt, Niklas and Miersch, Klaas and Khanna, Tarun M. and Bachelet, Marion and Bruns, Stephan B. and Callaghan, Max and Edenhofer, Ottmar and Flachsland, Christian and Forster, Piers M. and Kalkuhl, Matthias and Koch, Nicolas and Lamb, William F. and Ohlendorf, Nils and Steckel, Jan Christoph and Minx, Jan C.}, title = {Systematic review and meta-analysis of ex-post evaluations on the effectiveness of carbon pricing}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {15}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-48512-w}, abstract = {Today, more than 70 carbon pricing schemes have been implemented around the globe, but their contributions to emissions reductions remains a subject of heated debate in science and policy. Here we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing emissions using a rigorous, machine-learning assisted systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 483 effect sizes extracted from 80 causal ex-post evaluations across 21 carbon pricing schemes, we find that introducing a carbon price has yielded immediate and substantial emission reductions for at least 17 of these policies, despite the low level of prices in most instances. Statistically significant emissions reductions range between -5\% to -21\% across the schemes (-4\% to -15\% after correcting for publication bias). Our study highlights critical evidence gaps with regard to dozens of unevaluated carbon pricing schemes and the price elasticity of emissions reductions. More rigorous synthesis of carbon pricing and other climate policies is required across a range of outcomes to advance our understanding of "what works" and accelerate learning on climate solutions in science and policy.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Sorg, author = {Sorg, Alexander}, title = {Understanding Foreign Deployed Nuclear Weapons}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5086}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-50862}, school = {Hertie School}, pages = {vii, 144}, abstract = {This dissertation delves into the complex dynamics of U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. Scholarly work on nuclear weapons has predominantly focused on strategic forces. However, many escalation scenarios foresee the use of tactical nuclear weapons as a precursor, which could eventually lead to an all-out nuclear war. These are exactly the weapons that the United States has deployed across the world, and we know little about their strategic causes and consequences. My study addresses this gap in the literature. The first part of this dissertation investigates the causes of U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. It emphasizes the importance of assurance, which has commonly been neglected or subsumed under non-proliferation. Through a comprehensive conceptualization, I distinguish assurance from other strategies of interstate interaction, explaining how the U.S. uses nuclear weapon deployments to assure allies and maintain its sphere of influence. Utilizing an original dataset, I find evidence that largely confirms my assurance hypotheses. With regard to alternative explanations, the power projection hypotheses are supported, but the extended deterrence hypotheses are not. These results contribute to the underdeveloped literature on assurance and provide valuable insights into the strategic considerations underlying U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. The second part, which is co-authored with Julian Wucherpfennig, examines the consequences of U.S. military deployments, both conventional and nuclear. The theory of free-riding in military alliances postulates that member states piggyback on security commitments by guardian states. We argue that free-riding critically implies that foreign military deployments positively affect subjective feelings of security - in other words: that they assure. In contrast, if citizens hold skeptical views of the guardian or do not subscribe to the (extended) deterrence logic, they might experience an increase in threat perception. We investigate how foreign military deployments impact attitudes toward defense policies in host states through an observational data analysis and a survey experiment. While nuclear and conventional troop deployments decrease citizens' subjective need for defense, they do not necessarily increase their sense of protection, challenging the logic of free-riding. Taken together, my findings suggest a mismatch between objectives and outcomes. While I find evidence that nuclear weapons are deployed to assure allies, this aim does not appear to be effective at the micro-level.}, language = {en} } @techreport{EdmondsonKrafftFlachslandetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Edmondson, Duncan and Krafft, Oskar and Flachsland, Christian and van Ballegooy, Christian}, title = {Governance capacities in reflexive climate policymaking: the scope, role, and institutional arrangements of policy mix evaluation in the German domestic buildings sector}, publisher = {Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.48485/pik.2023.011}, pages = {129}, abstract = {Residential buildings directly contribute 11\% to local greenhouse gas emissions and up to 40\% of total emissions when accounting for energy use for electricity generation. In order to achieve the climate targets in line with the Federal Climate Protection Act, increased ambition level of climate policy instruments is required in this sector. In this research, we are interested in the governance of this sector and the role of evaluation: the government-mandated processes used to evaluate policy in terms of the actors, organisations and ministries involved in executing and coordinating these processes; and the metrics and methods as well as the scope and granularity of evaluations. The report follows a mixed methods research design, utilising multiple sources of primary data for triangulation. We combine 14 expert interviews with content analysis of published reports to investigate the quality and scope of the current evaluation procedures in place. Building on institutional and evaluation literatures, the research offers an enhanced understanding of the content, scope and processes of ex-post evaluation of policy instruments.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Fritzsche, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Fritzsche, Miriam}, title = {De-industrialization, local joblessness and the male-female employment gap}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 40}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5427}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54270}, pages = {73}, abstract = {Across industrialized countries, regional disparities in labor market outcomes and income have increased in recent decades. This paper investigates how one of the largest localized labor demand shocks tied to the beginning of de-industrialization- the decline of the mining industry between 1960 and 2010 - affects labor market outcomes in the long run. The analysis relies on a new panel data set based on digitized census records from Belgium, France, the UK, and Germany that allows to trace labor market adjustments over 60 years for the male and female working-age population separately. For the causal estimation, I use an IV-shift share approach that exploits exogenous variation in the shifts induced by increased seaborne trade of energy substitutes and the share given by geological rock strata to predict mining activity. The male population disproportionately suffered under this (early) de-industrialization shock and the subsequent job loss. For the male population, the employment-population ratio has not yet recovered resulting in persistent local joblessness. In contrast, the female working-age population experienced a strong catch-up in employment and participation. I find that at the aggregate level, a substantial, albeit time-lagged population response paired with a strong increase in female participation rates fully compensate for the loss of male jobs over the decades. As a consequence, the male-female employment gap shrinks over time.}, language = {en} } @techreport{BarronFries, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Barron, Kai and Fries, Tilman}, title = {Narrative Persuasion}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 39}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5426}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-54266}, pages = {95}, abstract = {We study how one person may shape the way another person interprets objective information. They do this by proposing a sense-making explanation (or narrative). Using a theory-driven experiment, we investigate the mechanics of such narrative persuasion. Our results reveal several insights. First, narratives are persuasive: We find that they systematically shift beliefs. Second, narrative fit (coherence with the facts) is a key determinant of persuasiveness. Third, this fit-heuristic is anticipated by narrative-senders, who systematically tailor their narratives to the facts. Fourth, the features of a competing narrative predictably influence both narrative construction and adoption.}, language = {en} } @techreport{KoelleQuerciaTripodi, type = {Working Paper}, author = {K{\"o}lle, Felix and Quercia, Simone and Tripodi, Egon}, title = {Social Preferences under the Shadow of the Future}, edition = {CESifo Working Paper No. 10534}, doi = {10.2139/ssrn.4506320}, pages = {63}, abstract = {Social interactions predominantly take place under the shadow of the future. Previous literature explains cooperation in indefinitely repeated prisoner's dilemma as predominantly driven by self-interested strategic considerations. This paper provides a causal test of the importance of social preferences for cooperation, varying the composition of interactions to be either homogeneous or heterogeneous in terms of these preferences. Through a series of pre-registered experiments (N = 1,074), we show that groups of prosocial individuals achieve substantially higher levels of cooperation. The cooperation gap between prosocial and selfish groups persists even when the shadow of the future is increased to make cooperation attractive for the selfish and when common knowledge about group composition is removed.}, language = {en} } @techreport{RothSchwardmannTripodi, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Roth, Christopher and Schwardmann, Peter and Tripodi, Egon}, title = {Depression Stigma}, edition = {CESifo Working Paper No. 11012}, doi = {10.2139/ssrn.4772585}, pages = {84}, abstract = {Throughout history, people with mental illness have been discriminated against and stigmatized. Our experiment provides a new measure of perceived depression stigma and then investigates the causal effect of perceived stigma on help-seeking in a sample of 1,844 Americans suffering from depression. A large majority of our participants overestimate the extent of stigma associated with depression. In contrast to prior correlational evidence, lowering perceived social stigma through an information intervention leads to a reduction in the demand for psychotherapy. A mechanism experiment reveals that this information increases optimism about future mental health, thereby reducing the perceived need for therapy.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Hustedt, author = {Hustedt, Thurid}, title = {Die Verwaltungssysteme}, series = {Nordeuropa: Handbuch f{\"u}r Wissenschaft und Studium}, booktitle = {Nordeuropa: Handbuch f{\"u}r Wissenschaft und Studium}, editor = {Henningsen, Bernd}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8487-8699-2}, doi = {10.5771/9783748930914-253}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {253 -- 261}, language = {de} } @techreport{OPUS4-5417, type = {Working Paper}, title = {Stellungnahme zum Diskussionsvorschlag "Ein faires Unterhaltsrecht f{\"u}r Trennungsfamilien: Eckpunkte des Bundesministeriums der Justiz zur Modernisierung des Unterhaltsrechts"}, publisher = {Wissenschaftlicher Beirat f{\"u}r Familienfragen beim Bundesministerium f{\"u}r Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend}, pages = {7}, language = {de} } @techreport{MiraldoSassiShaikhetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Miraldo, Marisa and Sassi, Franco and Shaikh, Mujaheed and Simmons, Bryony and Vrinten, Charlotte}, title = {The development and market launch of orphan drugs from 1980 - 2019: a quantitative analysis}, publisher = {Rare2030}, pages = {83}, language = {en} } @techreport{SharmamShekarRizvietal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Sharmam, Vaishnavi and Shekar, Kamesh and Rizvi, Kazim and Ananth, Pavan and Chhetri, Deepshika and Shaikh, Mujaheed}, title = {Exchange of Knowledge Across the Lifecycle of Digital Health Initiatives: A Cooperative Knowledge Transfer Between India and the EU}, publisher = {EU-India Think Tanks Twinning Initiative}, pages = {57}, abstract = {The European Union ("EU") and India, two of the most significant jurisdictions in the world, are in the process of introducing transformative legal and policy instruments that seek to leverage digital technologies for health. On 15 August 2020, India unveiled its National Digital Health Mission policy - later rolled out as the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission ("ABDM") - that seeks to create an open, interoperable digital health ecosystem in the country, enabling various digital health systems to engage with each other and empower individuals to be in control of their health data. On the other hand, on 3rd May 2022, the EU released a proposal for a regulation for a European Health Data Space ("EHDS") to address health-specific challenges to electronic health data access and sharing and create a common space where natural persons can easily control their electronic health data. However, considering these jurisdictions' geographical, cultural, and historical dispositions, various concerns emerge that may cause hindrance to these projects. While the EU has demonstrated its highlyadvanced approach towards policy-making in data-relevant domains, including health, India has showcased its efficiency and experience in scaling data systems and making them interoperable. Accordingly, this research paper highlights certain specific policy- and implementation-level concerns that both jurisdictions need to pay heed to while going ahead with their respective projects. Additionally, after studying the various digital healthcare ecosystems in these jurisdictions, the paper makes certain recommendations to work towards a seamless design, development, deployment, and operation of the frameworks.}, language = {en} } @incollection{KreyenfeldKonietzka, author = {Kreyenfeld, Michaela and Konietzka, Dirk}, title = {Sozialstruktur und Familienformen}, series = {Handbuch Familiensoziologie}, booktitle = {Handbuch Familiensoziologie}, editor = {Arr{\´a}nz Becker, Oliver and Hank, Karsten and Steinbach, Anja}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-35218-9}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-35219-6_26}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {657 -- 674}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag gibt auf Basis der Daten des Mikrozensus einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber den Wandel der Familienformen in Deutschland. Es wird untersucht, inwieweit alleinerziehende, nichteheliche und eheliche Familien sozialstrukturell differenziert sind und in welchem Ausmaß sich die {\"o}konomische Lebenslage der verschiedenen Familienformen unterscheidet.}, language = {de} } @article{GeorgeErtugBapujietal., author = {George, Gerard and Ertug, Gokhan and Bapuji, Hari and Doh, Jonathan P. and Mair, Johanna and Prasad, Ajnesh}, title = {COVID-19 and Management Scholarship: Lessons for Conducting Impactful Research}, series = {Business \& Society}, volume = {63}, journal = {Business \& Society}, number = {4}, issn = {0007-6503}, doi = {10.1177/00076503241237047}, pages = {715 -- 744}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity for management scholars to address large-scale and complex societal problems and strive for greater practical and policy impact. A brief overview of the most-cited work on COVID-19 reveals that, compared with their counterparts in other disciplines, leading management journals and professional associations lagged in providing a platform for high-impact research on COVID-19. To help management research play a more active role in responding to similar global challenges in the future, we propose an integrative framework that emphasizes a phenomenon's impact, the conditions that the phenomenon creates at multiple levels, and the responses of actors to such conditions, as well as the dynamic relationships and interactions among these actors. By shifting attention to phenomena and their overall impact, this framework can help scholars better position their work to address large-scale and complex problems and also to assess research for its contribution to generate impact beyond academia.}, language = {en} } @article{AsimovicDitlmannSamii, author = {Asimovic, Nejla and Ditlmann, Ruth K. and Samii, Cyrus}, title = {Estimating the effect of intergroup contact over years: evidence from a youth program in Israel}, series = {Political Science Research and Methods}, journal = {Political Science Research and Methods}, issn = {2049-8470}, doi = {10.1017/psrm.2024.8}, pages = {1 -- 19}, abstract = {We study how an intervention combining youth intergroup contact and sports affects intergroup relations in the context of an active conflict. We first conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of one-year program exposure in Israel. To track effects of a multiyear exposure, we then use machine-learning techniques to fuse the RCT with the observational data gathered on multiyear participants. This analytical approach can help overcome frequent limitations of RCTs, such as modest sample sizes and short observation periods. Our evidence cannot affirm a one-year effect on outgroup regard and ingroup regulation, although we estimate benefits of multiyear exposure among Jewish-Israeli youth, particularly boys. We discuss implications for interventions in contexts of active conflict and group status asymmetry.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Calı, author = {{\c{C}}al{\i}, Ba{\c{s}}ak}, title = {Human Rights Ideas, Law, and Institutions in Europe}, series = {The Oxford Handbook of International Law in Europe}, booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of International Law in Europe}, editor = {van Aaken, Anne and d'Argent, Pierre and M{\"a}lksoo, Lauri and Vasel, Johann Justus}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, isbn = {9780198865315}, doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198865315.013.8}, publisher = {Hertie School}, abstract = {This chapter introduces the contribution of Europe to the development of human rights ideas, law, and institutions. In a spirit of 'provincialising Europe', it argues that Europe's contributions to human rights are ambivalent and dynamic. The chapter first examines natural rights and rights of citizens as twin, but also potentially conflicting, developments in demarcating Europe's contributions to human rights. Europe is historically a home of human rights ideas as well as strong critiques and double standards in the use of these ideas. The chapter then examines European contributions to the legalization of human rights with a focus on two institutional Europes: that of the Council of Europe and the European Union. Finally, the chapter reviews contemporary human rights debates, against the backdrop of authoritarianization in Europe on the one hand and demands for new human rights to tackle the climate crisis, and digitalization of modern societies on the other.}, language = {en} } @incollection{CalıDurmuşEskitaşcıoğlu, author = {{\c{C}}al{\i}, Ba{\c{s}}ak and Durmu{\c{s}}, Bet{\"u}l and Eskita{\c{s}}{\c{c}}{\i}oğlu, İlayda}, title = {The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level in Turkey}, series = {The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level: Twenty Years On}, booktitle = {The Impact of the United Nations Human Rights Treaties on the Domestic Level: Twenty Years On}, editor = {Heyns, Christof and Viljoen, Frans Jacobus and Murray, Rachel}, isbn = {9789004377653}, doi = {10.1163/9789004377653_021}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {1225 -- 1272}, language = {en} } @incollection{Calı, author = {{\c{C}}al{\i}, Ba{\c{s}}ak}, title = {Global Constitutionalism and the Individual}, series = {The Individual in International Law: History and Theory}, booktitle = {The Individual in International Law: History and Theory}, editor = {Peters, Anne and Sparks, Tom}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, isbn = {9780198898917}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {321 -- 340}, language = {en} } @incollection{Dawson, author = {Dawson, Mark}, title = {Revisiting Europe's 'law-politics imbalance'}, series = {Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union}, booktitle = {Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union}, editor = {Dawson, Mark and de Witte, Bruno and Muir, Elise}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, isbn = {9781035313501}, doi = {10.4337/9781035313518.00007}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {17 -- 33}, abstract = {The aim of this chapter is to consider whether accusations of judicial activism towards the European Courts are rooted not in the activity of the CJEU per se but rather a wider 'imbalance' between law and politics in the present-day EU. Revisiting an earlier chapter, the chapter considers three sources of such an imbalance: the gap between the jurisdiction of the CJEU and the EU's legislative competence; judicial reasoning at the EU level; and the imbalance in the EU between market and non-market objectives. While the chapter argues that the EU retains such an imbalance, recent developments, particularly the increasing dynamism of the EU legislature, have significantly narrowed the gap between the EU's political and legal capacities in the last decade. As the chapter will conclude, the EU carries a less institutionally 'lonely' Court than in the past, providing the Union's judiciary with greater leverage to temper activist claims.}, language = {en} } @incollection{DawsondeWitteMuir, author = {Dawson, Mark and de Witte, Bruno and Muir, Elise}, title = {Introduction: locating judicial politics}, series = {Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union}, booktitle = {Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union}, editor = {Dawson, Mark and de Witte, Bruno and Muir, Elise}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, isbn = {9781035313501}, doi = {10.4337/9781035313518.00006}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {The Court inhabits a 'political space' to which it is called upon to respond. This points to its need to develop cooperative relationships not only with courts but also with political actors (such as national governments and the EU legislature) and even to directly address and explain decisions to EU citizens themselves. This book is aimed at answering the question of 'How does the CJEU position itself as a political as well as a legal actor?' with a view to better understanding the work of the Court and addressing its contestation. For that purpose, we explore in this introductory chapter what is meant by judicial 'activism' and judicial 'politics', before examining the different varieties of judicial politics our authors have shown an interest in. This will pave the way to drawing some lessons on the factors to take into account when seeking to address and respond to contestation of the work of the Court.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-5391, title = {Revisiting Judicial Politics in the European Union}, editor = {Mark, Dawson and de Witte, Bruno and Muir, Elise}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Limited}, isbn = {9781035313501}, doi = {10.4337/9781035313518}, pages = {388}, abstract = {Addressing the tensions between the political and the legal dimension of European integration as well as intra-institutional dynamics, this insightful book navigates the complex topic of judicial politics. Providing an overview of key topics in the current debate and including an introductory chapter on different conceptions of judicial politics, experts in law and politics interrogate the broader political role of the European Court of Justice.}, language = {en} } @techreport{DolanTshimba, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Dolan, Chris and Tshimba, David N.}, title = {Refugee Recognition Regime Country Profile: Uganda}, edition = {No. 10}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5390}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53909}, pages = {52}, abstract = {Refugee influxes into Uganda are triggered by armed conflict, insurgencies, political persecution, and severe economic hardships. This study of refugee recognition analyses the norms, institutions, modes and quality of recognition processes, as well as quality of protection provided.}, language = {en} } @techreport{FunkeMattauchDouenneetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Funke, Franziska and Mattauch, Linus and Douenne, Thomas and Fabre, Adrien and Stiglitz, Joseph E.}, title = {Supporting carbon pricing when interest rates are higher}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 38}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5388}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53889}, pages = {21}, abstract = {To accept carbon pricing, citizens desire viable alternatives to fossil-fuel based options. As inflation and higher interest rates have exacerbated access barriers for capital-intensive green substitutes, the political success of carbon pricing will be measured by how well policy design enables consumers to switch.}, language = {en} } @article{StoetzerKayserLeiningeretal., author = {Stoetzer, Lukas F. and Kayser, Mark A. and Leininger, Arndt and Murr, Andreas E.}, title = {Voters' Expectations in Constituency Elections without Local Polls}, series = {Public Opinion Quarterly}, journal = {Public Opinion Quarterly}, doi = {10.1093/poq/nfae015}, abstract = {How do voters form accurate expectations about the strength of political candidates in constituency elections if there are no reliable constituency polls available? We argue that voters can use national election polls and past election results to increase the accuracy of their expectations. A survey experiment during the German federal election of 2021 confirms that the provision of national election polls and past results increases the accuracy of voters' expectations. The analysis further shows that voters leverage the information to update their beliefs. The results have relevant implications for debates about belief formation in low-information environments.}, language = {en} } @techreport{SchweighoferKodritsch, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian}, title = {Bounded Rationality, Beliefs, and Behavior}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 37}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5363}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53637}, pages = {36}, abstract = {This chapter presents a microeconomic, behavioral perspective on bounded rationality and beliefs. It begins with an account of how research on belief biases, in particular via probabilistic belief elicitation, has become mainstream in economics only relatively recently and late, even in behavioral economics (aka "psychology and economics"). The chapter then offers a review of the decision-theoretic foundations of modeling and eliciting (subjective) beliefs as probabilities, as well as selected—both classic and recent—evidence on humans' bounded rationality from related research in psychology and economics. In doing so, it connects the historical debates within decision theory, on the one hand, and within psychology, on the other, concerning the normative status of expected utility and Bayesianism, as well as its methodological implications. A conclusion draws lessons for the practice of belief elicitation and future research.}, language = {en} } @techreport{OstaninaTardy, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Ostanina, Sascha and Tardy, Thierry}, title = {Turbo-charging the EU's defence industry and security posture}, pages = {16}, abstract = {The first-ever European Defence Industrial Strategy and its financial leg, the European Defence Industrial Programme, saw the light of day in March 2024. The strategy seeks to ameliorate deficiencies in EU defence readiness identified in light of the Russo-Ukrainian war. It offers an ambitious agenda and tailor-made incentives designed to encourage EU member states to invest more, better, together, and European. The Jacques Delors Institute's Associate Research Fellow Thierry Tardy and the Jacques Delors Centre's Security Policy Fellow Sascha Ostanina argue that the strategy is a good start to motivate European countries for more action in the defence sector. However, as long as the EU fails to take on a larger defence mandate via treaty change, the strategy success will hinge upon whether the member states, and their respective industrial defence sectors, will be willing to step up to the plate.}, language = {en} } @techreport{RothSchwardmannTripodi, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Roth, Christopher and Schwardmann, Peter and Tripodi, Egon}, title = {Misperceived Effectiveness and the Demand for Psychotherapy}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 36}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5362}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53621}, pages = {47}, abstract = {While psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in treating depression, take-up remains low. In a sample of 1,843 depressed individuals, we document that effectiveness concerns are top-of-mind when respondents consider the value of therapy. We then show that the average respondent underestimates the effectiveness of therapy and that an information treatment correcting this misperception increases participants' incentivized willingness to pay for therapy. Information affects therapy demand by changing beliefs rather than by shifting attention. Our results suggest that information interventions that target the perceived effectiveness of therapy are a potent tool in combating the ongoing mental health crisis.}, language = {en} } @incollection{StockmannLuo, author = {Stockmann, Daniela and Luo, Ting}, title = {Xi Jinping's Partnership with Technology Companies and Social Media Platforms}, series = {Chinese Politics: The Xi Jinping Difference}, booktitle = {Chinese Politics: The Xi Jinping Difference}, editor = {Lynch, Daniel and Rosen, Stanley}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {London}, isbn = {9781032191522}, doi = {10.4324/9781003257943-5}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {22}, abstract = {Contrary to conventional wisdom, even Xi Jinping, who is often depicted in the media and pundit world as having centralized control over nearly every dimension of Chinese governance, still must rely on powerful technology corporations to carry out his will in the increasingly important Internet sector. This suggests a model of political control significantly more nuanced than most observers realize. This chapter argues that Xi Jinping does not rule the Internet and more specifically social media via a tight command-and-control structure, which implies that he is the ultimate decision-maker and companies simply implement his policy decisions. Instead, the chapter demonstrates based on process-tracing that China's governance of the Internet is best understood as a corporate management model, whereby the Chinese state engages in a partnership with technology companies. Xi Jinping assumes a leadership role enforced by state instruments of control and cooptation strategies. At the same time, the state remains dependent on companies due to their informational, organizational, and institutional resources.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlechtMaurerHirth, author = {Schlecht, Ingmar and Maurer, Christoph and Hirth, Lion}, title = {Financial contracts for differences: The problems with conventional CfDs in electricity markets and how forward contracts can help solve them}, series = {Energy Policy}, volume = {186}, journal = {Energy Policy}, doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2024.113981}, abstract = {Contracts for differences are widely seen as a cornerstone of Europe's future electricity market design. This paper is about designing such contracts. We identify the dispatch and investment distortions that conventional CfDs cause, the patches used to overcome these shortcomings, and the problems these fixes introduce. We then propose an alternative contract we call "financial" CfD. This hybrid between conventional CfDs and forward contracts mitigates revenue risk to a substantial degree while providing undistorted incentives. Like conventional CfDs, it is long-term and tailored to technology-specific (wind, solar, nuclear) generation patterns but, like forwards, decouples payments from actual generation. The proposed contract mitigates volume risk and avoids margin calls by accepting physical assets as collateral.}, language = {en} } @article{RomanelloNapoliGreenetal., author = {Romanello, Marina and Napoli, Claudia di and Green, Carole and Kennard, Harry and Lampard, Pete and Scamman, Daniel and Walawender, Maria and Ali, Zakari and Ameli, Nadia and Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja and Beggs, Paul J and Belesova, Kristine and Berrang Ford, Lea and Bowen, Kathryn and Cai, Wenjia and Callaghan, Max and Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid and Chambers, Jonathan and Cross, Troy J and van Daalen, Kim R and Dalin, Carole and Dasandi, Niheer and Dasgupta, Shouro and Davies, Michael and Dominguez-Salas, Paula and Dubrow, Robert and Ebi, Kristie L and Eckelman, Matthew and Ekins, Paul and Freyberg, Chris and Gasparyan, Olga and Gordon-Strachan, Georgiana and Graham, Hilary and Gunther, Samuel H and Hamilton, Ian and Hang, Yun and H{\"a}nninen, Risto and Hartinger, Stella and He, Kehan and Heidecke, Julian and Hess, Jeremy J and Hsu, Shih-Che and Jamart, Louis and Jankin, Slava and Jay, Ollie and Kelman, Ilan and Kiesewetter, Gregor and Kinney, Patrick and Kniveton, Dominic and Kouznetsov, Rostislav and Larosa, Francesca and Lee, Jason K W and Lemke, Bruno and Liu, Yang and Liu, Zhao and Lott, Melissa and Lotto Batista, Mart{\´i}n and Lowe, Rachel and Odhiambo Sewe, Maquins and Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime and Maslin, Mark and McAllister, Lucy and McMichael, Celia and Mi, Zhifu and Milner, James and Minor, Kelton and Minx, Jan C and Mohajeri, Nahid and Momen, Natalie C and Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar and Morrissey, Karyn and Munzert, Simon and Murray, Kris A and Neville, Tara and Nilsson, Maria and Obradovich, Nick and O'Hare, Megan B and Oliveira, Camile and Oreszczyn, Tadj and Otto, Matthias and Owfi, Fereidoon and Pearman, Olivia and Pega, Frank and Pershing, Andrew and Rabbaniha, Mahnaz and Rickman, Jamie and Robinson, Elizabeth J Z and Rockl{\"o}v, Joacim and Salas, Renee N and Semenza, Jan C and Sherman, Jodi D and Shumake-Guillemot, Joy and Silbert, Grant and Sofiev, Mikhail and Springmann, Marco and Stowell, Jennifer D and Tabatabaei, Meisam and Taylor, Jonathon and Thompson, Ross and Tonne, Cathryn and Treskova, Marina and Trinanes, Joaquin A and Wagner, Fabian and Warnecke, Laura and Whitcombe, Hannah and Winning, Matthew and Wyns, Arthur and Yglesias-Gonz{\´a}lez, Marisol and Zhang, Shihui and Zhang, Ying and Zhu, Qiao and Gong, Peng and Montgomery, Hugh and Costello, Anthony}, title = {The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms}, series = {The Lancet}, volume = {402}, journal = {The Lancet}, number = {10419}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01859-7}, pages = {2346 -- 2394}, language = {en} } @techreport{MunzertRamirezRuizWatteleretal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Munzert, Simon and Ramirez-Ruiz, Sebastian and Watteler, Oliver and Breuer, Johannes and Batzdorfer, Veronika and Eder, Christina and Wiltshire, Deborah A and Barber{\´a}, Pablo and Guess, Andrew Markus and Yang, JungHwan}, title = {Publishing Combined Web Tracking and Survey Data}, publisher = {Center for Open Science}, doi = {10.31219/osf.io/y4v8z}, abstract = {Combined survey and web tracking data have great potential for social-scientific research. They allow linking information on online behavior with data on reported offline behavior, opinions, and attitudes. At the same time, ethical, legal, and technical challenges make it difficult to disseminate linked web tracking data to the scientific community. This whitepaper aims to address these challenges by providing guidance for researchers and archivists, discussing legal, practical, and ethical aspects, disclosure risks, and establishing a framework for publishing web tracking data. Recommendations for best practices are also provided based on experiences from a research project funded by the German Consortium for the Social, Behavioural, Educational and Economic Sciences.}, language = {en} } @article{PalmieMieheMairetal., author = {Palmi{\´e}, Maximilian and Mieh{\´e}, Lucas and Mair, Johanna and Wincent, Joakim}, title = {Valuation entrepreneurship through product-design and blame-avoidance strategies: How Tesla managed to change the public perception of sustainable innovations}, series = {Journal of Product Innovation Management}, journal = {Journal of Product Innovation Management}, doi = {10.1111/jpim.12732}, abstract = {Developing innovative, eco-friendlier products that gain traction in the mass market remains a persistent challenge for many firms. To bring consumers to choose "greener" alternatives over conventional products, firms need to overcome prevailing product evaluations that favor traditional solutions. Research on valuation entrepreneurship examines the strategies that actors apply to induce changes in established evaluations. Adding to the emerging literature on valuation entrepreneurship, our study analyzes how the car maker Tesla, Inc. used product design—material artifacts' properties of form and function—to advance the public perception of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). When Tesla entered the market, several firms had tried to promote BEVs as a way of making private mobility more environmentally friendly, but with limited success. In contrast, Tesla produced well-received BEVs that generated enormous consumer interest and led to a more favorable assessment of BEVs as a whole. Drawing on 54 interviews and nearly 2000 pages of archival data, our abductive study identifies three product design strategies that increased the appeal of Tesla's initial models: (1) incorporating discontinuous technological solutions; (2) optimizing the products on traditional evaluation criteria (e.g., driving performance, comfort, space, status); and (3) creating an ecosystem of complementary products. Since some design choices came at the expense of a minimal environmental footprint, they risked attracting blame for compromising on the environmental performance of potentially eco-friendly cars and for committing "greenwashing." To minimize this risk, Tesla complemented its design strategies by employing three strategies of reputational politics to avoid such blame. After Tesla's initial, lavish models had improved the public perception of electric cars, Tesla and other car makers were able to sell less excessive and more sustainable BEVs in much greater quantities than ever before. Our findings contribute to three literature streams and generate valuable insights for management practice.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Leichthammer, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Leichthammer, Arthur}, title = {Navigating the Geoeconomic Tide: The Commission's quest for a policy compass}, pages = {10}, abstract = {In 2019, Ursula von der Leyen promised a geopolitical Commission. Back then, the proclamation was largely derided as empty rhetoric. However, in recent years, a dizzying number of geoeconomic initiatives have come from Brussels, revising and tweaking existing tools and measures, developing new instruments, and announcing a grand new European Economic Security Strategy. This policy brief examines the progress made and outlines the key challenges for the next Commission. While the current Commission expanded the EU's geoeconomic toolbox, the incoming Commission must prioritise harmonisation to prevent fragmentation, allocate substantial funds to enhance resilience, and streamline institutional processes to facilitate coherent policymaking at a European level.}, language = {en} } @article{MenaParker2024, author = {Mena, S{\´e}bastien and Parker, Simon}, title = {The Temporal Structuring of Corporate Sustainability}, series = {Journal of Business Ethics}, journal = {Journal of Business Ethics}, issn = {0167-4544}, doi = {10.1007/s10551-024-05648-5}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Research on corporate sustainability has started to acknowledge the role of temporality in creating more sustainable organizations. Yet, these advances tend to treat firms as monolithic and we have little understanding of how different temporal patterns throughout an organization shape perceptions of and actions toward sustainability. Building on studies highlighting how the temporal structures of work shape employee engagement with different organizational processes and issues, we seek to answer: How does the temporality of work practices structure perceptions of corporate sustainability throughout the firm? Using data from an ethnography of a small European sustainable bank, we provide an account of the variety of ways in which employees in different departments perceive the bank and how they engage with sustainability. We then go on to show how the temporal structures of work practices within different departments help explain some divergence in perceptions of sustainability. Our study highlights the variegation of temporal structures in organizational processes of meaning-making and its role for a better understanding of the efforts to make corporations more sustainable.}, language = {en} } @article{HasselWeil, author = {Hassel, Anke and Weil, Kilian}, title = {Social partners in the green transition of the EU}, series = {Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung}, volume = {92}, journal = {Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung}, number = {4}, doi = {10.3790/vjh.2023.334383}, pages = {15 -- 34}, abstract = {Der Beitrag untersucht die Rolle der Sozialpartnerschaft zur Reduzierung von Treibhausgasemissionen in Mitgliedsstaaten der Europ{\"a}ischen Union. Einerseits k{\"o}nnen die Sozialpartner dazu beitragen den {\"U}bergang zu niedrigeren Emissionen zu erleichtern, indem sie mit den betroffenen Arbeitnehmern {\"u}ber die Kosten und den Nutzen von Maßnahmen zur Verringerung des Klimawandels verhandeln. Andererseits ist die Sozialpartnerschaft in Sektoren mit hohen Emissionen st{\"a}rker ausgepr{\"a}gt. Das k{\"o}nnte dazu f{\"u}hren, dass Sozialpartner versuchen, die Geschwindigkeit zur Reduzierung emissionsintensiver Produktionsprozesse zu verringern. Wir verwenden Daten aus der europ{\"a}ischen Verdienststrukturerhebung, Structure of Earnings Survey, um die Beziehung zwischen Tarifbindung, gewerkschaftlicher Organisation, L{\"o}hnen und Industrieemissionen in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten zu untersuchen. Wir finden, dass Sektoren mit hohen Emissionen h{\"o}here Gewinne, L{\"o}hne und geringere Lohnungleichheit aufweisen. Berufe mit hohen Emissionen sind hingegen nicht besser bezahlt. Gleichzeitig gibt es deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Mitgliedsstaaten der Europ{\"a}ischen Union. Abschließend er{\"o}rtern wir, wie die Sozialpartnerschaft mit dem Dilemma umgeht, in den stark fossilen Industrien verwurzelt zu sein und gleichzeitig den Wandel zu verhandeln.}, language = {en} } @techreport{BarronDitlmannGehrigetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Barron, Kai and Ditlmann, Ruth K. and Gehrig, Stefan and Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian}, title = {Explicit and Implicit Belief-Based Gender Discrimination: A Hiring Experiment}, edition = {No. 35}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5361}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53610}, pages = {73}, abstract = {This paper studies a key element of discrimination, namely when stereotypes translate into discriminatory actions. Using a hiring experiment, we rule out taste-based discrimination by design and test for the presence of two types of belief-based gender discrimination. We document evidence of explicit discriminators—individuals who are willing to discriminate even when their hiring choices are highly revealing of their gender-biased beliefs. Crucially, we also identify implicit discriminators—individuals who do not discriminate against women when taking a discriminatory action is highly revealing of their biased beliefs, but do discriminate against women when their biased motive is obscured. Our analysis highlights the central role played by features of the choice environment in determining whether and how discrimination will manifest. We conclude by discussing the implications for policy design.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Mack, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Mack, Sebastian}, title = {Handle with care - How Europe can reap the benefits of securitisation}, pages = {11}, abstract = {Provided it is sufficiently regulated, securitisation can help to fund the economy and share risks within the monetary union. Securitisation combines the advantages of banks in lending and of financial markets in financing. However, a lack of standardisation and legal harmonisation currently prevents the EU from reaping the benefits of this instrument. Weakening the prudential framework will not create a truly European market but may pose new risks to financial stability. Instead, this Policy Brief argues that to scale up securitisation, overcoming the fragmentation in national contract and insolvency laws in the longer term will be key. In the meantime, the European Commission should cut unnecessary red tape and establish an EU-wide standardised securitisation product tailored to an asset class that shows sustainable growth potential. Renovation loans are a promising option.}, language = {en} } @techreport{SchweighoferKodritschBarronDitlmannetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian and Barron, Kai and Ditlmann, Ruth K. and Gehrig, Stefan}, title = {Explicit and Implicit Belief-Based Gender Discrimination: A Hiring Experiment}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 35}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5359}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53592}, pages = {73}, abstract = {This paper studies a key element of discrimination, namely when stereotypes translate into discriminatory actions. Using a hiring experiment, we rule out taste-based discrimination by design and test for the presence of two types of belief-based gender discrimination. We document evidence of explicit discriminators—individuals who are willing to discriminate even when their hiring choices are highly revealing of their gender-biased beliefs. Crucially, we also identify implicit discriminators—individuals who do not discriminate against women when taking a discriminatory action is highly revealing of their biased beliefs, but do discriminate against women when their biased motive is obscured. Our analysis highlights the central role played by features of the choice environment in determining whether and how discrimination will manifest. We conclude by discussing the implications for policy design.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Joerges, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Joerges, Christian}, title = {Transnational Constitutionalism - Conflicts-Law Constitutionalism - Economic Constitutionalism: The Exemplary Case of the European Union}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5357}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53574}, pages = {20}, abstract = {Transnational Constitutionalism is a sociological given and a legal challenge. We observe the emergence of ever more legally-framed transnational arrangements with ever more power and impact. Does this kind of rule 'deserve recognition'? Is it at all conceivable that the proprium of law can be defended against the rise of its informal competitors? This essay opts for a third way which neither listens to the siren songs on law beyond the state nor to the defences of nation-state constitutionalism as the monopolist of legitimate rule. The alternative submitted suggests that transnational legal ordering of the EU should build upon its re-conceptualisation as a 'three-dimensional conflicts-law' with a democracy-enhancing potential. This re-construction operationalises the 'united in diversity' motto of the Draft Constitutional Treaty of 2004. It preserves essential accomplishments of Europe's constitutional democracies. It provides for co-operative problem-solving of transnational regulatory tasks, and it retains supervisory powers over national and transnational arrangements of private governance.}, language = {en} } @misc{Bryson, author = {Bryson, Joanna}, title = {Governing society with flexible AI}, series = {Science}, volume = {383}, journal = {Science}, number = {6688}, issn = {0036-8075}, doi = {10.1126/science.adn6814}, pages = {1185 -- 1185}, abstract = {Policy that prioritizes human agency is possible, even in an age of artificial intelligence}, language = {en} } @techreport{Bulutay, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Bulutay, Muhammed}, title = {Better than Perceived? Correcting Misperceptions about Central Bank Inflation Forecasts}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 34}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5355}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53554}, pages = {33}, abstract = {How do households perceive the forecasting performance of the central bank? Using two novel experiments embedded in the Bundesbank's Survey on Consumer Expectations (total \$N=9500\$), this article shows that the majority of German households underestimate the ECB's inflation forecasting accuracy. In particular, they believe that the ECB is overly optimistic. Communication that challenges these perceptions improves the anchoring of inflation expectations, reduces inflation uncertainty and discourages consumption of durable goods. Treated households also report higher trust in the ECB, perceive the ECB's inflation target as more credible, the ECB's communication as more honest, and the ECB's policy as more beneficial to them. Finally, the causal effect of central bank trust on inflation expectations is quantified using instruments to deal with endogeneity.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MellmannArbuzovaKontogiorgosetal., author = {Mellmann, Heinrich and Arbuzova, Polina and Kontogiorgos, Dimosthenis and Yordanova, Magdalena and Haensel, Jennifer X. and Hafner, Verena V. and Bryson, Joanna}, title = {Effects of Transparency in Humanoid Robots - A Pilot Study}, series = {Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, isbn = {9798400703232}, doi = {10.1145/3610978.3640613}, pages = {750 -- 754}, abstract = {Transparency is recognized as a vital feature for understanding and predicting robot behavior. Another feature that affects interaction with robots is their anthropomorphism. The relationship between these remains under-explored but is postulated to be negative. We present a pilot study investigating the effects of robot transparency in human-robot interactions, where the robot has an anthropomorphic appearance. We asked participants to evaluate and interact with the humanoid robot Pepper to examine whether visualizing the robot's goals and behavior affects perceived intelligence, anthropomorphism, and robot agency. Our preliminary findings suggest that users may attribute higher ratings of agency when interacting with a robot visualizing its goals. In this late-breaking report, we propose our experiment on the interplay between transparency and anthropomorphism in human-robot interaction and summarize insights from our preliminary pilot study.}, language = {en} } @techreport{SherwoodCostelloMcDonnell, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Sherwood, Angela and Costello, Cathryn and McDonnell, Emilie}, title = {The Displacement Regime Complex: Reform for Protection}, edition = {No. 09}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5320}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53209}, pages = {32}, abstract = {This working paper aims to examine the 'displacement regime complex', displacement referring to both internally and externally displaced persons, taking into account the competing roles of UNHCR and IOM in both spheres of activity. The title of the paper 'Reform for protection', aims to outline institutional reforms that aim to increase protection for the displaced, informed by binding universal human rights standards, and institutional principles relating to accountability and participation of most affected populations.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Lambert, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Lambert, Laura}, title = {Refugee Recognition Regime Country Profile: Niger (in French)}, edition = {No. 08}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5250}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-52508}, pages = {94}, language = {fr} } @techreport{Lambert, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Lambert, Laura}, title = {Refugee Recognition Regime Country Profile: Niger}, edition = {No. 08}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5249}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-52495}, pages = {81}, abstract = {This report explores the refugee recognition regime in Niger. Quantitatively, Niger is the most important transit and refugee host country in West Africa. Niger is also at the forefront of debates on migration management in the region, as it is presented by International Organisations and states of the Global North as an alternative destination to the limited refugee protection in Libya and North Africa. Against the background of a relative dearth of literature on refugee recognition regimes (RRR) in (West) Africa and generally the Global South, this study draws on ethnographic field research and desk research to analyse the norms, institutions, modes of recognition, quality of recognition processes and of protection in Niger. This report's research was completed in July 2021 and except a few data points, does not include any developments thereafter.}, language = {en} } @techreport{AbouChadiJansenKollbergetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Abou-Chadi, Tarik and Jansen, Jannik and Kollberg, Markus and Redeker, Nils}, title = {Debunking the Backlash - Uncovering European Voters' Climate Preferences}, pages = {22}, abstract = {The notion of a broad green backlash is set to dominate this year's European election campaign. Based on new survey data from more than 15.000 respondents in Germany, France and Poland, we show that it is largely overblown. A majority of voters still wish for a more ambitious climate policy and would support a raft of concrete measures to bring down emissions. However, supporting pivotal voters in the middle will require a stronger focus on green investment and industrial policy and offsetting measures for effective but unpopular policies like carbon pricing. Parties should not waste the coming months outbidding each other over how to cater to imagined climate fatigue but compete over concrete recipes to green the economy.}, language = {en} } @techreport{HagenKollenbach, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hagen, Achim and Kollenbach, Gilbert}, title = {The Political Economy of Stranded Assets: Climate Policies, Investments and the Role of Elections}, series = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, journal = {Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers}, edition = {No. 33}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5348}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53485}, pages = {46}, abstract = {We study the interaction of climate policies and investments into fossil and renewable energy generation capacity if policies are set by democratically elected governments and can lead to stranded assets. We develop an overlapping generations model, where elections determine carbon taxation and green investment subsidies, and individuals make investments into fossil and renewable capacity. We find that some fossil investments become stranded assets, if the party offering the higher carbon tax is unexpectedly elected. In contrast, if the individuals have perfect foresight, there are no stranded assets, climate damages are fixed and carbon taxation only serves redistributive purposes. Then, there is either no or prohibitive carbon taxation and energy generation completely relies on renewables in the latter case. Green investment subsidies can be used by governments to bind the hands of their successor. If the party representing the young generation is in power, it can use a high subsidy to reduce or even avoid potentially stranded assets in the next period. With endogenous reelection probability, we show that this party can also use investment subsidies strategically to influence the elections. The party that represents the old generation abstains from both types of climate policies to avoid a redistribution of income towards the young generation.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Redeker, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Redeker, Nils}, title = {Chasing Shadows: What the Net Zero Industry Act Teaches Us About EU Industrial Policy}, pages = {4}, abstract = {The Net Zero Industry Act (NZIA) was touted as the EU's big response to the US Inflation Reduction Act. After a year of negotiations, it will finally hit the legislative books. In his policy position, Nils Redeker analyses what has become of the EU's green industrial policy ambitions, what the NZIA teaches us about Europe's role in the clean tech race, and what the next Commission needs to do to formulate a constructive answer to the global return of industrial policy.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Stoll, author = {Stoll, Julius}, title = {Three Essays in Applied Microeconomics: A Microeconomic Study of Snacks, Beer, and Real Estate Agents}, doi = {10.48462/opus4-5326}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1570-opus4-53268}, school = {Hertie School}, abstract = {This dissertation comprises three essays. Although their titles make clear their self-contained nature, all essays share a common motivation: to combine economic theory with modern tools of causal inference to understand applied problems. The first chapter studies honesty when the costs to behave honestly change. Using field data from a snack delivery company that employs an honesty payment system, the chapter presents an event study to analyze how price increases affect pay rates. The honesty payment system expects customers to pay a listed price for each consumed snack. This allows me to measure honesty with the pay rate that compares consumption to payments. The results, which draw on deliveries from several thousand firms, show that price increases that make honest behavior more costly cause more cheating. Price increases of 15\% trigger a fall in pay rates of 11\%. The second chapter studies a recent legal reform in Germany, which aims to lower commission rates of real estate agents by raising the cost salience of sellers. I find that the reform has backfired and real estate agents have exploited the transition to increase their commission rates. The findings document that in some regions real estate agents increase their commission by up to 2 percentage points, adding over e6,000 in transaction cost to the average home sale. As explicit collusion is unlikely in this setting, I argue that this arbitrary increase points to seller ignorance instead. To verify if and why sellers fail to induce price competition, I run a pre-registered survey experiment with 1,062 real estate agents. Although commission rates should be negotiated independently for each sale, the survey confirms that 85\% of sellers do not attempt to negotiate lower commission rates. The randomized experimental questions suggest that real estate agents may cater to the low willingness of sellers to negotiate by providing misleading reference commission rates and shrouding the economic incidence for sellers. The third chapter is co-authored with Christian Traxler and Carsten Burhop and examines the causal effect of beer on crime based on unique panel data from Germany between 1882 and 1913. Using exogenous variation in the yield of spring barley, a key input in beer production, we identify a quantitatively and qualitatively significant effect of beer on violent crimes. This effect is mainly driven by a positive effect on assaults, where our findings suggest that a 1\% increase in beer production raises assault rates by the same percentage. These findings are corroborated using a complementary empirical design that exploits a brewing tax reform in Prussia.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Jaeger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {J{\"a}ger, Philipp}, title = {Flying blind? Why EU administrations need better data and analytical capacities}, pages = {10}, abstract = {To achieve some recent EU priorities, such as boosting clean tech manufacturing, reducing energy prices, or strengthening economic resilience, policy makers are intervening more actively in the economy. Getting these types of policies right requires a thorough understanding of the respective business environment, technologies, and market developments. This policy brief argues that the EU level lacks the data and the analytic capacities that are needed to achieve this understanding. The next EU Commission should address these shortcomings by collecting more data in the narrow areas subject to vertical government intervention, by improving how data gets collected, and by dedicating more staff to data-driven analyses.}, language = {en} } @article{Koranyi, author = {Koranyi, Kinga}, title = {Power of the weak? Framing strategies in fiscal redistribution negotiations}, series = {Regional \& Federal Studies}, journal = {Regional \& Federal Studies}, doi = {10.1080/13597566.2023.2295407}, abstract = {In fiscal redistribution negotiations, fiscally weaker sub-units aim to secure more funding but are disempowered by their dependency and lack of bargaining chips. What kind of negotiation strategies do fiscally weak actors rely on to maximize their bargaining positions in redistributive negotiations? The article puts forward a novel strategy of discursive framing whereby relatively powerless actors can reach successful agreements. Two strategies of framing, communitarian and coercive, are observed inductively through a comparative case study analysis of two instances of sub-federal redistribution negotiations in Canada. The findings reveal that 'more is not always better': more publicity and aggression can backfire, while communitarian strategies grounded in normative argumentation can prove effective despite their non-confrontational nature. Even a mixed communitarian-coercive strategy can prove effective given that sub-units remain consistent with their initial objectives and apply pressure incrementally. The lessons learned from these Canadian cases have broader implications for studying the dynamics of redistributive negotiations globally.}, language = {en} } @article{Bryson, author = {Bryson, Joanna}, title = {Human Experience and AI Regulation: What European Union Law Brings to Digital Technology Ethics}, series = {Weizenbaum Journal of the Digital Society}, volume = {3}, journal = {Weizenbaum Journal of the Digital Society}, number = {3}, issn = {2748-5625}, doi = {10.34669/WI.WJDS/3.3.8}, abstract = {Although nearly all artificial intelligence (AI) regulatory documents now reference the importance of human-centering digital systems, we frequently see AI ethics itself reduced to limited concerns, such as bias and, sometimes, power consumption. Although their impacts on human lives and our ecosystem render both of these absolutely critical, the ethical and regulatory challenges and obligations relating to AI do not stop there. Joseph Weizenbaum described the potential abuse of intelligent systems to make inhuman cruelty and acts of war more emotionally accessible to human operators. But more than this, he highlighted the need to solve the social issues that facilitate violent acts of war, and the immense potential the use of computers offers in this context. The present article reviews how the EU's digital regulatory legislation—well enforced—could help us address such concerns. I begin by reviewing why the EU leads in this area, considering the legitimacy of its actions both regionally and globally. I then review the legislation already protecting us—the General Data Protection Regulation, the Digital Services Act, and the Digital Markets Act—and consider their roles in achieving Weizenbaum's goals. Finally, I consider the almost-promulgated AI Act before concluding with a brief discussion of the potential for future enforcement and global regulatory cooperation.}, language = {en} } @misc{Cingolani, author = {Cingolani, Luciana}, title = {Diversity in the public administration: a Multidimensional Index of Bureaucratic Underrepresentation}, doi = {10.7910/DVN/IEPHLG}, abstract = {This dataset presents a novel an index for measuring diversity in the public administration in 37 European countries between 2008 and 2018, accounting for gender, age, nationality, ethnicity and disability. (2022-08-24)}, language = {en} } @techreport{HasselDiCarloHoepner, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hassel, Anke and Di Carlo, Donato and H{\"o}pner, Martin}, title = {The return of inflation and three meanings of wage restraint}, series = {LSE Blog EUROPP}, journal = {LSE Blog EUROPP}, abstract = {The sharp increase in inflation across Europe over the last two years has led to calls from some actors for a policy of wage restraint to prevent a vicious circle of price rises. Yet as Martin H{\"o}pner, Anke Hassel and Donato Di Carlo write, the fact that "wage restraint" can be understood in multiple different ways has created confusion about the link between wages and prices.}, language = {en} } @techreport{DiCarloHasselHoepner, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Di Carlo, Donato and Hassel, Anke and H{\"o}pner, Martin}, title = {Germany's coordinated policy response to the energy crisis: shielding the export-led model at all costs}, series = {LUHNIP Working Paper Series}, journal = {LUHNIP Working Paper Series}, edition = {1/2023}, publisher = {Luiss Institute for European Analysis and Policy}, address = {Rome}, pages = {18}, abstract = {Executive Summary: ▪ The German government has taken decisive actions in response to the dual economic shocks linked to the Covid-19 pandemic and Russian gas supplies' cut-off - with the main objective of protecting its export-oriented industrial economy. ▪ By engaging in "competitive corporatism," the coalitional government has worked closely with the social partners - especially representatives from the chemical and metalworking-engineering export sectors - to restore domestic firms' cost competitiveness while providing social compensation to vulnerable households and individuals. ▪ The government's concerted threefold strategy to uphold the export-led growth regime includes: (1) measures aimed at reducing firms' energy costs; (2) in/direct measures aimed at controlling the rise of labour costs to prevent a wage-price spiral; (3) substantial state aid provided to ailing firms. ▪ The scope of state intervention in Germany's economy is unparalleled, entailing significant fiscal outlays for protective measures, made possible by Germany's advantageous sovereign refinancing capacity. Germany's economic activism risks jeopardising the EU single market due to extensive state aid, especially since Germany resists joint fiscal resource pooling for EU-wide industrial policy.}, language = {en} } @book{Gohdes, author = {Gohdes, Anita R.}, title = {Repression in the Digital Age: Surveillance, Censorship, and the Dynamics of State Violence}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, isbn = {9780197743577}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {200}, language = {en} } @article{CingolaniSalazarMorales, author = {Cingolani, Luciana and Salazar-Morales, Diego}, title = {The role of public workforce diversity and the administrative ecosystem in advancing digital public service innovation}, series = {Public Management Review}, journal = {Public Management Review}, doi = {10.1080/14719037.2024.2303609}, abstract = {Organizational studies have long built a 'business case' for diversity, which today includes innovation capacity among the benefits of diverse workforces. Diversity's impact on innovation has been tested in private firms, yet few systematic studies exist in public management. We address this challenge using a two-step dynamic panel data analysis via generalized methods of moment estimation in 36 European countries. The findings confirm that higher public workforce diversity leads to higher public service innovation. This effect, however, is mediated by the administrative ecosystem, where greater uniformity in managerial practices makes diversity more salient, an obstacle to unleash its innovative potential.}, language = {en} } @techreport{TiedemannStieweKratzkeetal., type = {Working Paper}, author = {Tiedemann, Silvana and Stiewe, Clemens and Kratzke, Corinna and Hirth, Lion and Jentsch, Mareike and Damm, Nicolai and Gerhardt, Norman and Pape, Carsten}, title = {Gebotszonenteilung: Auswirkungen auf den Marktwert der Erneuerbaren Energien im Jahr 2030}, publisher = {Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.48485/pik.2024.002}, pages = {49}, abstract = {Eine Teilung des deutschen Marktgebietes w{\"u}rde die Marktwerte erneuerbarer Energien beeinflussen. Wind und Photovoltaik (PV) im S{\"u}den Deutschlands w{\"u}rden an Wert gewinnen, w{\"a}hrend Erneuerbare im Norden Erl{\"o}se einb{\"u}ßen w{\"u}rden. Bei einer auch zuk{\"u}nftig st{\"a}rkeren Konzentration von erneuerbaren Energien im Norden bedeutet dies insgesamt einen h{\"o}heren F{\"o}rderbedarf f{\"u}r PV - Wind w{\"a}re trotz niedriger Marktwerte in den meisten Regionen wirtschaftlich. Wenn eine regionale Steuerung erreicht werden soll, m{\"u}sste die auszuzahlende F{\"o}rderung f{\"u}r neue PV-Anlagen anhand des zonen{\"u}bergreifenden Referenzmarktwertes berechnet werden. Durchschnittliche B{\"o}rsenstrompreise w{\"u}rden durch eine Gebotszonenteilung im S{\"u}den Deutschlands leicht angehoben und im Norden gesenkt, die Effekte auf Endkundenpreise und damit verbundene Anreize zur Standortwahl von Industrieunternehmen sind allerdings als gering einzusch{\"a}tzen.}, language = {de} } @article{GoetteTripodi, author = {Goette, Lorenz and Tripodi, Egon}, title = {The limits of social recognition: Experimental evidence from blood donors}, series = {Journal of Public Economics}, volume = {231}, journal = {Journal of Public Economics}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105069}, abstract = {Does social recognition motivate prosocial individuals? We run large-scale experiments at Italy's main blood donors association, evaluating social recognition through social media and peer groups against a simple ask to donate. Across several studies, we find that the simple ask is at least as effective as offering social recognition. In a survey experiment with blood donors we show that socially recognized donations signal not only altruism but also image-seeking. This can lead to social recognition being less effective, or even counterproductive, when offered to those who are already perceived as good citizens.}, language = {en} } @article{MungiuPippidi, author = {Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina}, title = {Political Science}, series = {Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Corruption Law}, journal = {Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Corruption Law}, editor = {Pieth, Mark and S{\o}reide, Tina}, isbn = {9781802206487}, doi = {10.4337/9781802206494.00095}, pages = {362 -- 366}, abstract = {Presenting the broad spectrum of interdisciplinary academic research on corruption, this essential reference book examines anti-corruption legislation, governance mechanisms, international instruments, and other preventative measures intended to tackle corruption. Including over 100 entries and adopting a comprehensive approach to researching and combating corruption, this Encyclopedia covers the key ideas, concepts, and theories in corruption law.}, language = {en} } @techreport{RoemmeleDarius, type = {Working Paper}, author = {R{\"o}mmele, Andrea and Darius, Philipp}, title = {Politicians don't dance? AI doesn't either!: A discussion of generative AI and political campaigning}, series = {Verfassungsblog}, journal = {Verfassungsblog}, number = {2023/6/30}, doi = {10.17176/20230630-231152-0}, language = {en} } @article{GegenhuberMair, author = {Gegenhuber, Thomas and Mair, Johanna}, title = {Open social innovation: taking stock and moving forward}, series = {Industry and Innovation}, volume = {31}, journal = {Industry and Innovation}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1080/13662716.2023.2271863}, pages = {130 -- 157}, abstract = {Open forms of organising innovation bear great potential to address societal challenges, such as the climate crisis. Existing approaches to open social innovation (OSI) draw on a corporate and organisation- centric open innovation model as a blueprint for addressing social and ecological problems. However, such problems are 'wicked' and 'com-plex' in nature and thus require concerted efforts from a diverse set of stakeholders, including businesses, government agencies, non-profits and communities. Based on a review of the open-, user- and social- innovation literature, this essay traces the evolution from an organisa-tion-centric view (OSI 1.0) to a multi-stakeholder, cross- sectoral perspective (OSI 2.0). More specifically, we understand OSI as a concerted effort undertaken by multiple stakeholders from various sectors throughout the social innovation process, from diagnosing societal challenges, to developing ideas for how to solve problems, creating solutions, effectively scaling solutions and generating impact. We sharpen the terminology for OSI 2.0 and specify design dimensions for the effective orchestration of collaboration and coordination, and outline key areas for future research. Our objective is to foster dialogue between open- and user-innovation and social-innovation research.}, language = {en} } @article{FlonkJachtenfuchsObendiek, author = {Flonk, Dani{\"e}lle and Jachtenfuchs, Markus and Obendiek, Anke}, title = {Controlling internet content in the EU: towards digital sovereignty}, series = {Journal of European Public Policy}, journal = {Journal of European Public Policy}, doi = {10.1080/13501763.2024.2309179}, abstract = {We analyse the rhetoric and reality of EU digital sovereignty by looking at content control. The control of online content is central to sovereignty because it relates to fundamental freedoms and democratic competition. Our main data source is the unique International Organizations in Global Internet Governance (IO-GIG) dataset which contains internet policy output documents across international institutions and issue areas between 1995 and 2021. By assessing policy output, we show structural trends in content control output in volume, bindingness, and orientation. By analysing policy discourse, we show the evolution of frames on content control over time. We find evidence for a comprehensive but still ongoing trend towards digital sovereignty in policy output and a shift from prioritising free access to the public order in discourse.}, language = {en} } @article{vandenBrinkDawsonZglinski, author = {van den Brink, Martijn and Dawson, Mark and Zglinski, Jan}, title = {Revisiting the asymmetry thesis: negative and positive integration in the EU}, series = {Journal of European Public Policy}, journal = {Journal of European Public Policy}, doi = {10.1080/13501763.2023.2296940}, abstract = {The 'asymmetry thesis', articulated by Fritz Scharpf, holds that EU governance is characterised by an asymmetry between positive and negative integration. The EU has well-developed capacities for negative integration but only limited capacities for positive integration. The present paper challenges the orthodoxy that this thesis has become in EU law and political science scholarship. It argues that the asymmetry thesis no longer accurately depicts European integration, revisiting its key legal and institutional assumptions. Taking the internal market as the most likely case to test the thesis, we show that negative integration has become weaker, positive integration has gained in strength, and both developments have had an impact on the substance of EU law and policymaking, which is promoting non-economic concerns and market-correcting policies to a greater extent than it used to. These shifts, so we contend, could be even more pronounced in other areas of European integration.}, language = {en} } @article{RackwitzRaffer, author = {Rackwitz, Maike and Raffer, Christian}, title = {Shifts in local governments' corporatization intensity: Evidence from German cities}, series = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory}, journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory}, doi = {10.1093/jopart/muae001}, abstract = {Why do local governments create and reform public service companies, given their uncertain economic benefits and potential damage to accountability and service transparency? Taking an extended transaction cost perspective, we argue that corporatization—the provision of public services by publicly owned companies—is a function of fiscal hardship, the decision maker's economic orientation and the level of operator transparency. Using a two-way fixed effects regression, we test this expectation on 680 investment reports of 34 German cities from 1998 to 2017, representing 11,062 year-corporatized entity combinations. We show that the drivers of corporatization are sensitive to the depth of local ownership analyzed. In doing so, we highlight the theoretical need and potential for conceptual differentiation between ownership levels along a corporation's lineage. Exploiting the data's panel structure, we also find that the intensity of corporatization has heightened since the late 1990s, largely due to increasingly complex corporate structures of indirect ownership.}, language = {en} } @misc{Rock, author = {Rock, Brianna}, title = {Merger intervention rates in the EU}, pages = {5}, abstract = {An ideological shift in the European competition policy in early 2000s inspired by the US Chicago School of economics led to new rules adopted in 2004. The implementation of the new rules was accompanied by lower intervention rates on average. This period has become problematic as it has coincided with large digital mergers that paved the way for the dominance of Big Tech companies.}, language = {en} } @article{ElstonRackwitzBel, author = {Elston, Thomas and Rackwitz, Maike and Bel, Germ{\`a}}, title = {Going separate ways: ex-post interdependence and the dissolution of collaborative relations}, series = {International Public Management Journal}, journal = {International Public Management Journal}, doi = {10.1080/10967494.2023.2271468}, abstract = {Interdependence is typically regarded as the cause of inter-organizational collaboration. But it is also a consequence. Collaboration itself creates new interdependence as partners become more entwined in one another's operations and experience the vetoes, compromises, delays, and risks inherent in joint working. This paradox - mitigating one set of interdependencies by creating another - renders collaborative relations inherently unstable. Dissolution may occur if "ex-post" interdependence becomes more troublesome than the original "ex-ante" trigger for the partnership. We test this proposition through comparative analysis of 13 sustained, aborted, and dissolved inter-municipal cooperations in English local government. Ex-post interdependence was most pronounced in those partnerships that ended in dissolution, and informed the design of replacement arrangements. It was also a contributory factor in the abortive cases. But ex-post interdependence was minimized in the group of sustained collaborations by management actions that streamlined the coordination burden imposed by joint working. These findings have implications for partnership design, the collaborator's skillset, and theories of collaborative public management.}, language = {en} } @article{MairMenaOezcelik, author = {Mair, Johanna and Mena, S{\´e}bastien and {\"O}zcelik, Melisa}, title = {Political innovation: Prevention is better than cure}, series = {Alliance}, volume = {28}, journal = {Alliance}, number = {4}, pages = {54 -- 56}, language = {en} } @article{LengDimmery, author = {Leng, Yan and Dimmery, Drew}, title = {Calibration of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Randomized Experiments}, series = {Information Systems Research}, journal = {Information Systems Research}, doi = {10.1287/isre.2021.0343}, abstract = {Machine learning is commonly used to estimate the heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) in randomized experiments. Using large-scale randomized experiments on the Facebook and Criteo platforms, we observe substantial discrepancies between machine learning-based treatment effect estimates and difference-in-means estimates directly from the randomized experiment. This paper provides a two-step framework for practitioners and researchers to diagnose and rectify this discrepancy. We first introduce a diagnostic tool to assess whether bias exists in the model-based estimates from machine learning. If bias exists, we then offer a model-agnostic method to calibrate any HTE estimates to known, unbiased, subgroup difference-in-means estimates, ensuring that the sign and magnitude of the subgroup estimates approximate the model-free benchmarks. This calibration method requires no additional data and can be scaled for large data sets. To highlight potential sources of bias, we theoretically show that this bias can result from regularization and further use synthetic simulation to show biases result from misspecification and high-dimensional features. We demonstrate the efficacy of our calibration method using extensive synthetic simulations and two real-world randomized experiments. We further demonstrate the practical value of this calibration in three typical policy-making settings: a prescriptive, budget-constrained optimization framework; a setting seeking to maximize multiple performance indicators; and a multitreatment uplift modeling setting.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Kohlenberger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Kohlenberger, Judith}, title = {Opening up "Fortress Europe" to Global Talents: EU Labour Migration Options}, pages = {8}, abstract = {This policy brief delves into the potential of regular migration across diverse skill levels to alleviate labour shortages in the EU. It contends that the EU faces a policy dilemma by attempting to curtail certain migration forms, as seen in the recent Common European Asylum System (CEAS) reform, while concurrently encouraging others through initiatives like the EU Talent Pool. The inconsistent approach to third-country migration poses significant trade-offs, necessitating a comprehensive resolution. The brief advocates for a multi-faceted strategy encompassing (a) diversification, (b) integration, and (c) de-bureaucratization at both EU and member state levels. Addressing potential pitfalls such as brain drains and heightened competition among member states, the brief concludes by highlighting three essential criteria for enhancing talent attraction and mitigating EU labour shortages through both high- and low-skilled migration.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Quaritsch, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Quaritsch, Luise}, title = {On the road to the 2024 European elections: Institutional timeline and missed opportunities}, pages = {8}, abstract = {The 2024 European elections could mark a turning point in EU politics: The European Parliament has traditionally been a progressive force in EU policymaking, often pushing for more far-reaching, European solutions than the Council. This dynamic could fundamentally change after the 2024 elections, with the current power balance expected to shift in favour of more right-wing forces. But even without a turn towards a Eurosceptic majority, the outcome will determine the direction of policies decided by the Parliament and shape EU politics over the next five years. This policy brief offers an overview of the need-to-know for this election year. First, it details the institutional timeline until the end of the current legislative cycle. Second, it provides an overview of how European political parties are approaching the election campaign. Third, it discusses election day, possible new majorities in Parliament and inevitable institutional haggling over key positions. Finally, it describes the missed reform opportunities since the 2019 elections and how this may undermine the integrity of the June poll.}, language = {en} } @incollection{RackwitzBreaughHammerschmid, author = {Rackwitz, Maike and Breaugh, Jessica and Hammerschmid, Gerhard}, title = {Leadership for intergovernmental collaboration towards digital transformation}, series = {Collaborating for Digital Transformation}, booktitle = {Collaborating for Digital Transformation}, editor = {Verhoest, Koen and Hammerschmid, Gerhard and Rykkja, Lise H. and Klijn, Erik H.}, publisher = {Edward Elgar}, doi = {10.4337/9781803923895}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {124 -- 143}, language = {en} } @incollection{VerhoestKlijnRykkjaetal., author = {Verhoest, Koen and Klijn, Erik Hans and Rykkja, Lise H. and Hammerschmid, Gerhard}, title = {Collaboration for digital transformation: so much more than just technology}, series = {Collaborating for Digital Transformation}, booktitle = {Collaborating for Digital Transformation}, editor = {Verhoest, Koen and Hammerschmid, Gerhard and Rykkja, Lise H. and Klijn, Erik H.}, publisher = {Edward Elgar}, doi = {10.4337/9781803923895}, publisher = {Hertie School}, pages = {241 -- 267}, language = {en} }