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Top-Down Fabricated Silicon Nanowire Arrays for Field-Effect Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen
(2018)
Highly sensitive electrical detection of biomarkers for the
early stage screening of cancer is desired for future, ultrafast diagnostic
platforms. In the case of prostate cancer (PCa), the prostate-specific
antigen (PSA) is of prime interest and its detection in combination with
other PCa-relevant biomarkers in a multiplex approach is advised. Toward
this goal, we demonstrate the label-free, potentiometric detection of PSA
with silicon nanowire ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (Si NW-ISFET)
arrays. To realize the field-effect detection, we utilized the DNA aptamerreceptors specific for PSA, which were covalently and site-specifically
immobilized on Si NW-ISFETs. The platform was used for quantitative
detection of PSA and the change in threshold voltage of the Si NW-ISEFTs
was correlated with the concentration of PSA. Concentration-dependent
measurements were done in a wide range of 1 pg/mL to 1 μg/mL, which
covers the clinical range of interest. To confirm the PSA−DNA aptamer
binding on the Si NW surfaces, a sandwich-immunoassay based on chemiluminescence was implemented. The electrical
approach using the Si NW-ISFET platform shows a lower limit of detection and a wide dynamic range of the assay. In future,
our platform should be utilized to detect multiple biomarkers in one assay to obtain more reliable information about cancerrelated diseases