Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone
- Troxerutin (TRX) is a water-soluble flavonoid which occurs commonly in the edible plants.
Recent studies state that TRX improves the functionality of the nervous system and neutral-
izes Amyloid-ß induced neuronal toxicity. In this study, an in vitro assay based upon Neural
stem cell (NSCs) isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal balb/c mice was
established to explore the impact of TRX on individual neurogenesis processes in general
and neuroprotective effect against ß-amyloid 1–42 (Aß42) induced inhibition in differentia-
tion in particular. NSCs were identified exploiting immunostaining of the NSCs markers.
Neurosphere clonogenic assay and BrdU/Ki67 immunostaining were employed to unravel
the impact of TRX on proliferation. Differentiation experiments were carried out for a time
span lasting from 48 h to 7 days utilizing ß-tubulin III and GFAP as neuronal and astrocyte
marker respectively. Protective effects of TRX on Aß42 induced depression of NSCs differ-
entiation were determined after 48 h of application. A neurosphere migration assay was car-
ried out for 24 h in the presence and absence of TRX. Interestingly, TRX enhanced neuronal
differentiation of NSCs in a dose-dependent manner after 48 h and 7 days of incubation and
significantly enhanced neurite growth. A higher concentration of TRX also neutralized the
inhibitory effects of Aß42 on neurite outgrowth and length after 48 h of incubation. TRX sig-
nificantly stimulated cell migration. Overall, TRX not only promoted NSCs differentiation and
migration but also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on NSCs. TRX, therefore, offers
an interesting lead structure from the perspective of drug design especially to promote neu-
rogenesis in neurological disorders i.e. Alzheimer’s disease.