TY - CHAP A1 - Ackermann, Eric A1 - Al Bosta, Brigitte A1 - Backmann, Louis A1 - Block, Joern A1 - Braasch, Christian A1 - Coppers, Anna A1 - Dietzel, Caroline A1 - Dreßler, Marc A1 - Echternkamp, Rebekka A1 - Flegel, Nadine A1 - Gallace, Bruno A1 - Günther, Elmar A1 - Hakimian, Daron A1 - Hasnai, Ahmar A1 - Heddenhausen, Paula A1 - Heigwer, Florian A1 - Hempel, Felix A1 - Holzmann, Simon A1 - Jung, Stefanie A1 - Kaiser, Simon A1 - Löhr, Dirk A1 - Lueck, Julian A1 - Mentler, Tilo A1 - Alexandra, Moritz A1 - Morsch, Sandra A1 - Nadler, Marc A1 - Neff, Carina A1 - Nieratschker, Willi A1 - Nett, Diana A1 - Pfeil, Silko A1 - Plaßmann, Jessica A1 - Pöhler, Jonas A1 - Pratika, Rai A1 - Retterath, Lukas A1 - Saumer, Monika A1 - Scherer, Kai A1 - Schuth, Michael A1 - Schuler, Nicolas A1 - Schumann, Christian A1 - Struck, Philipp A1 - Tarasov, Alexey A1 - Teodorescu, Margareta A1 - Salgado, Billy A1 - Van Laerhoven, Kristof A1 - Von Freymann, Georg A1 - Wagner, Max A1 - Wahl, Michael A1 - Weinert, Stephan A1 - Zürbes, Arno ED - Eder, S. ED - Hermsen, T. ED - Schäfer, K.-H. ED - Hermsen, T. ED - Kehr, H. ED - Liersch, A. ED - Mehler-Bicher, A. ED - Piller, G. ED - Te Heesen, H. T1 - Tagungsband HAW-Forschungstag 2024 N2 - Mit dem hier vorliegenden Tagungsband des landesweiten HAW-Forschungstages 2024 an der Hochschule Kaiserslautern ermöglichen wir allen Teilnehmenden und Interessierten einen Einblick in die Vielfalt und Exzellenz der Forschung an unseren Hochschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz. Der HAW-Forschungstag 2024 steht unter dem Motto "Die Zukunft ist WIR – Wissenschaft, Innovation, Rheinland-Pfalz". Unsere Forschungsthemen reichen von Gestaltung über Life Sciences und Informatik bis hin zu Wirtschaft, Soziales und Gesundheit. Diese interdisziplinäre Ausrichtung spiegelt sich in den hier versammelten Beiträgen wider und verdeutlicht die Rolle der Hochschulen für Angewandte Wissenschaften als zentrale Player in der modernen Forschungslandschaft. Y1 - U6 - https://doi.org/10.57997/opus4-70 VL - 2024 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Toldo, Mauro A1 - Jung, Mario A1 - Kuhn, Britta A1 - Garcia, Sebastian Camarero A1 - Neugebauer, Frederik A1 - Russnak, Jan A1 - Zimmermann, Lilli A1 - Jost, Thomas A1 - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus A1 - Kehr, Henning A1 - Wiedemer, Volker A1 - Laske, Theresia A1 - Schurk, Robert A1 - Conrad, Christian A. A1 - Piazolo, Marc ED - Jung, Mario ED - Piazolo, Marc ED - Harms, Inka T1 - Wirtschaftspolitische Weichenstellung für die Zukunft BT - Tagungsband IFT ; Internationale Fachtagung der Professorinnen und Professoren für Volkswirtschaftslehre aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz am 19. und 20. Mai 2022 in Kaiserslautern N2 - Der Sammelband fasst in komprimierter Form die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse und Ergebnisse der Tagung zusammen und verbindet neben aktuellen wirtschaftspolitischen Themen auch volkswirtschaftliche Strukturanalysen. KW - Weltwirtschaft KW - Zukunft KW - Finanzmarkt Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.57997/opus4-66 VL - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jung, Patrick A1 - D’Agostino, Paul M. A1 - Büdel, Burkhard A1 - Lakatos, Michael T1 - Symphyonema bifilamentata sp. nov., the Right Fischerella ambigua 108b: Half a Decade of Research on Taxonomy and Bioactive Compounds in New Light JF - Microorganisms N2 - Since 1965 a cyanobacterial strain termed ‘Fischerella ambigua 108b’ was the object of several studies investigating its potential as a resource for new bioactive compounds in several European institutes. Over decades these investigations uncovered several unique small molecules and their respective biosynthetic pathways, including the polychlorinated triphenyls of the ambigol family and the tjipanazoles. However, the true taxonomic character of the producing strain remained concealed until now. Applying a polyphasic approach considering the phylogenetic position based on the 16S rRNA and the protein coding gene rbcLX, secondary structures and morphological features, we present the strain ‘Fischerella ambigua 108b’ as Symphyonema bifilamentata sp. nov. 97.28. Although there is the type species (holotype) S. sinense C.-C. Jao 1944 there is no authentic living strain or material for genetic analyses for the genus Symphyonema available. Thus we suggest and provide an epitypification of S. bifilamentata sp. nov. 97.28 as a valid reference for the genus Symphyonema. Its affiliation to the family Symphyonemataceae sheds not only new light on this rare taxon but also on the classes of bioactive metabolites of these heterocytous and true-branching cyanobacteria which we report here. We show conclusively that the literature on the isolation of bioactive products from this organism provides further support for a clear distinction between the secondary metabolism of Symphyonema bifilamentata sp. nov. 97.28 compared to related and other taxa, pointing to the assignment of this organism into a separate genus. KW - Symphyonema KW - true-branching KW - heterocytes KW - ambigol KW - polyphasic approach KW - Fischerella Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040745 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 9 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jung, Patrick A1 - Baumann, Karen A1 - Emrich, Dina A1 - Springer, Armin A1 - Felde, Vincent J.M.N.L. A1 - Dultz, Stefan A1 - Baum, Christel A1 - Frank, Marcus A1 - Büdel, Burkhard A1 - Leinweber, Peter T1 - Lichens Bite the Dust – A Bioweathering Scenario in the Atacama Desert JF - iScience N2 - Bioweathering mediated by microorganisms plays a significant role in biogeo-chemical cycles on global scales over geological timescales. Single processes induced by specific taxa have been described but could rarely be demonstrated for complex communities that dominate whole landscapes. The recently discovered grit crust of the coastal Atacama Desert, which is a transitional community between a cryptogamic ground cover and a rock-bound lithic assemblage, offers the unique chance to elucidate various bioweathering processes that occur simultaneously. Here, we present a bioweathering scenario of this biocenosis including processes such as penetration of the lithomatrix, microbial responses to wet-dry cycles, alkalinolysis, enzyme activity, and mineral re-localization. Frequently occurring fog, for example, led to a volume increase of microorganisms and the lithomatrix. This, together with pH shifts and dust accumulation, consequently results in biophysical breakdown and the formation of a terrestrial protopedon, an initial stage of pedogenesis fueled by the grit crust. KW - Earth sciences KW - Geomicrobiology KW - Earth-Surface Processes KW - Weathering KW - Biogeoscience Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101647 SN - 2589-0042 VL - 23 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 29 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Masood, Muhammad Irfan A1 - Schäfer, Herbert Karl A1 - Weyland, Maximilian T1 - Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Troxerutin (TRX) is a water-soluble flavonoid which occurs commonly in the edible plants. Recent studies state that TRX improves the functionality of the nervous system and neutral- izes Amyloid-ß induced neuronal toxicity. In this study, an in vitro assay based upon Neural stem cell (NSCs) isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal balb/c mice was established to explore the impact of TRX on individual neurogenesis processes in general and neuroprotective effect against ß-amyloid 1–42 (Aß42) induced inhibition in differentia- tion in particular. NSCs were identified exploiting immunostaining of the NSCs markers. Neurosphere clonogenic assay and BrdU/Ki67 immunostaining were employed to unravel the impact of TRX on proliferation. Differentiation experiments were carried out for a time span lasting from 48 h to 7 days utilizing ß-tubulin III and GFAP as neuronal and astrocyte marker respectively. Protective effects of TRX on Aß42 induced depression of NSCs differ- entiation were determined after 48 h of application. A neurosphere migration assay was car- ried out for 24 h in the presence and absence of TRX. Interestingly, TRX enhanced neuronal differentiation of NSCs in a dose-dependent manner after 48 h and 7 days of incubation and significantly enhanced neurite growth. A higher concentration of TRX also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on neurite outgrowth and length after 48 h of incubation. TRX sig- nificantly stimulated cell migration. Overall, TRX not only promoted NSCs differentiation and migration but also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on NSCs. TRX, therefore, offers an interesting lead structure from the perspective of drug design especially to promote neu- rogenesis in neurological disorders i.e. Alzheimer’s disease. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237025 VL - 15 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Vincent A1 - Schwamm, Thilo A1 - Urschel, Sven T1 - Fault Investigation of Circulation Pumps to Detect Impeller Clogging N2 - Pumps have a wide range of applicat ions. Methods for fault detection of motors are increasingly being used for pumps. In the context of this paper, a test bench is built to investigate circulation pumps for faults. As a use case, the fault of impeller clogging was first measured and then examined with the help of motor current signature analysis. It can be seen that there are four frequencies at which there is an increase in amplitude in case of a fault. The sidebands around the supply frequency are in particular f ocus. The clogging of three and four of a total of seven channels leads to the highest amplitudes at the fault frequencies. The efficiency is reduced by 9 to 15% in case of faulty opera tion. These results indicate that the implementation of fault detection algorithms on the pump electronics represents added value for the pump operator. Furthermore, the results can be transferred to other applications. KW - Impeller faults KW - Impeller clogging KW - Permanent magnet motor KW - Fourier transformation KW - Condition monitoring KW - Circulation pump KW - Pump test bench KW - Motor current signature analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217550 VL - 10 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Acosta, Ruth A1 - Wu, Haoran A1 - Tenkamp, Jochen A1 - Walther, Frank A1 - Starke, Peter T1 - SteBLife, a New Approach for the Accelerated Generation of Metallic Materials’ Fatigue Data JF - Metals N2 - The service life of materials and components exposed to repeated mechanical loads is limited, which is why the understanding of the damage evolution and estimating its fatigue life is of high importance for its technical application. This paper shows how temperature and magnetic field measurement methods can be used to describe the cyclic deformation behaviour of metallic materials and to derive parameters from this, which are used in short-term methods to calculate the fatigue life. Within the SteBLife (stepped-bar fatigue life) approach, only three to five fatigue tests with a stepped fatigue specimen are required to determine a complete S–N or Woehler curve with scatter bands for different failure probabilities. If only a trend S–N curve is required, the number of tests can be reduced to a single fatigue test only. In the framework of this paper, these approaches will be presented for normalised SAE 1045 (C45E) and quenched and tempered SAE 4140 (42CrMo4) steels. KW - Fatigue life evaluation KW - SteBLife KW - Thermography KW - Magnetic-based measurements Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060798 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 10 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saleem, Anjum A1 - Medina, Luisa A1 - Skrifvars, Mikael A1 - Berglin, Lena T1 - Hybrid Polymer Composites of Bio-Based Bast Fibers with Glass, Carbon and Basalt Fibers for Automotive Applications—A Review JF - Molecules N2 - Composites with reinforcements based on bast fibers such as flax, hemp and kenaf offer many advantages such as weight reduction, improved specific impact, flexural, acoustic properties, and balanced performance to cost that can be achieved by properly designing the material composition. Their position is well established, especially in the nonstructural automotive applications. However, in structural applications of composites, their mechanical property profile is not comparable to the dominant reinforcements such as glass and carbon fibers. The low mechanical properties of these composites could be improved by hybridization that involves adding high-performance fibers to the bast fiber composites that could improve the low mechanical performance of the bast fiber composites. The review presented in this article provides an overview of the developments in the field of hybrid polymer composites composed of bio-based bast fibers with glass, carbon, and basalt fibers. The focus areas are the composite manufacturing methods, the influence of hybridization on the mechanical properties, and the applications of hybrid composites. KW - Bast fibers KW - Basalt fibers KW - Mechanical analysis KW - Synthetic fibers KW - Carding KW - Compression molding Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214933 SN - 1420-3049 VL - 25 SP - 1 EP - 29 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Möbius, Hildegard A1 - Fuhrmann, Marc T1 - Magnetic Imaging of Encapsulated Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles by Data Fusion of Magnetic Force Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy Signals for Correction of Topographic Crosstalk N2 - Encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles are of increasing interest for biomedical applications. However, up to now, it is still not possible to characterize their localized magnetic properties within the capsules. Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) has proved to be a suitable technique to image magnetic nanoparticles at ambient conditions revealing information about the spatial distribution and the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles simultaneously. However, MFM measurements on magnetic nanoparticles lead to falsifications of the magnetic MFM signal due to the topographic crosstalk. The origin of the topographic crosstalk in MFM has been proven to be capacitive coupling effects due to distance change between the substrate and tip measuring above the nanoparticle. In this paper, we present data fusion of the topography measurements of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and the phase image of MFM measurements in combination with the theory of capacitive coupling in order to eliminate the topographic crosstalk in the phase image. This method offers a novel approach for the magnetic visualization of encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles. KW - Atomic force microscopy KW - Magnetic force microscopy KW - Hybrid nanoparticles KW - Polystyrene KW - Data fusion Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122486 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gentile, Luca T1 - Assessment of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Ecotoxicity on Regeneration and Homeostasis in the Replacement Model System Schmidtea mediterranea JF - Altex N2 - Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) are used in a number of applications from food to cosmetics and from medical applications to magnetic storage. In spite of the 550 tons produced each year in Europe alone, no effective dose limit recommendations are established and the overall risks connected to IONs are still debated. The incorporation of IONs in daily life raises a concern about their effects on the environment, on living organisms, and on human health. In this study, we used freshwater planarians to assess the nanoecotoxicity of IONs. Planarians are free-living invertebrates known for their astonishing regenerative ability. Because of their sensitivity to toxicants, they are often used to determine the effects of toxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic environmental compounds with an approach in line with the 3Rs (Reduce, Refine, Replace) principle. Planarians were exposed to IONs at concentrations up to 1 mg/ml and their effects were evaluated at the behavioral, morphofunctional, and molecular levels, with a special emphasis on the regeneration process. Our results indicate that IONs did not affect the stem cell population dynamics, nor did they induce substantial changes in either homeostatic or regenerating planarians. As positive controls, gold nanoparticles coated with the pro-apoptotic anti-cancer drug hexadecylmethylammonium bromide and highly concentrated polystyrene nanoparticles were used; these all elicited toxic effects. Therefore, we conclude that IONs at environmental concen- trations are safe for planarians, and that the planarian is a powerful model system that can replace vertebrate animal models in nanoecotoxicology research and for nanoecotoxicology studies. KW - 3R strategy KW - Pluripotency-based regeneration freshwater KW - Ecotoxicity KW - Reactive oxygen species Schmidtea mediterranea Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14573/altex.1902061 IS - 36(4)/2019 SP - 583 EP - 596 ER -