@article{Gentile2018, author = {Gentile, Luca}, title = {A complete workflow for the differentiation and the dissociation of hiPSC-derived cardiospheres}, volume = {2018}, number = {32/2018}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.scr.2018.08.015}, pages = {65 -- 72}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) are an invaluable tool for both basic and translational cardiovascular research. The potential that these cells hold for therapy, disease modeling and drug discovery is hampered by several bottlenecks that currently limit both the yield and the efficiency of cardiac induction. Here, we present a complete workflow for the production of ready-to-use hiPSC-CMs in a dynamic suspension bioreactor. This includes the efficient and highly reproducible differentiation of hiPSCs into cardiospheres, which display enhanced physiological maturation compared to static 3D induction in hanging drops, and a novel papain-based dissociation method that offers higher yield and viability than the broadly used dissociation reagents TrypLE and Accutase. Molecular and functional analyses of the cardiomyocytes reseeded after dissociation confirmed both the identity and the functionality of the cells, which can be used in downstream applications, either as monolayers or spheroids.}, language = {en} } @article{UrschelBold2023, author = {Urschel, Sven and Bold, Sebastian}, title = {A Knowledge Discovery Process Extended to Experimental Data for the Identification of Motor Misalignment Patterns}, volume = {2023}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/machines11080827}, pages = {22}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The diagnosis of misalignment plays a crucial role in the area of maintenance and repair since misalignment can lead to expensive downtime. To address this issue, several solutions have been developed, and both offline and online approaches are available. However, online strategies using a small number of sensors show a higher false positive rate than other approaches. The problem is a lack of knowledge regarding the interrelations of a fault, disturbances during the diagnosis process, and capable features and feature vectors. Knowledge discovery in database is a framework that allows extracting the missing knowledge. For technical systems, optimal results were achieved by aligning (partially) automated experiments with a data mining strategy, in this case classification. The results yield a greater understanding of the interrelations regarding parallel misalignment, i.e., feature vectors that show good results also with varying load and realistic fault levels. Moreover, the test data confirm a specificity (range 0 to 1) for classification between 0.87 and 1 with the found feature vectors. For angular misalignment, potential vectors were identified, but these need further validation with a modified experiment in future work. For the study, two induction motors with 1.1 kW and 7.5 kW were considered. Furthermore, the findings were compared with additional motors of the same rated power. The findings of this work can help to improve the implementation of sensorless diagnostics on machines and advance the research in this field.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OPUS4-45, title = {Artificial Intelligence - Application in Life Sciences and beyond}, editor = {Sch{\"a}fer, Karl-Herbert and Quint, Franz}, publisher = {Hochschule Kaiserslautern, University of Applied Sciences}, address = {Kaiserslautern}, pages = {243}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The TriRhenaTech alliance presents the accepted papers of the 'Upper-Rhine Artificial Intelligence Symposium' held on October 27th 2021 in Kaiserslautern, Germany. Topics of the conference are applications of Artificial Intellgence in life sciences, intelligent systems, industry 4.0, mobility and others. The TriRhenaTech alliance is a network of universities in the Upper-Rhine Trinational Metropolitan Region comprising of the German universities of applied sciences in Furtwangen, Kaiserslautern, Karlsruhe, Offenburg and Trier, the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University Loerrach, the French university network Alsace Tech (comprised of 14 'grandes {\´e}coles' in the fields of engineering, architecture and management) and the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland. The alliance's common goal is to reinforce the transfer of knowledge, research, and technology, as well as the cross-border mobility of students.}, language = {en} } @article{Gentile2019, author = {Gentile, Luca}, title = {Assessment of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Ecotoxicity on Regeneration and Homeostasis in the Replacement Model System Schmidtea mediterranea}, series = {Altex}, journal = {Altex}, number = {36(4)/2019}, doi = {10.14573/altex.1902061}, pages = {583 -- 596}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) are used in a number of applications from food to cosmetics and from medical applications to magnetic storage. In spite of the 550 tons produced each year in Europe alone, no effective dose limit recommendations are established and the overall risks connected to IONs are still debated. The incorporation of IONs in daily life raises a concern about their effects on the environment, on living organisms, and on human health. In this study, we used freshwater planarians to assess the nanoecotoxicity of IONs. Planarians are free-living invertebrates known for their astonishing regenerative ability. Because of their sensitivity to toxicants, they are often used to determine the effects of toxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic environmental compounds with an approach in line with the 3Rs (Reduce, Refine, Replace) principle. Planarians were exposed to IONs at concentrations up to 1 mg/ml and their effects were evaluated at the behavioral, morphofunctional, and molecular levels, with a special emphasis on the regeneration process. Our results indicate that IONs did not affect the stem cell population dynamics, nor did they induce substantial changes in either homeostatic or regenerating planarians. As positive controls, gold nanoparticles coated with the pro-apoptotic anti-cancer drug hexadecylmethylammonium bromide and highly concentrated polystyrene nanoparticles were used; these all elicited toxic effects. Therefore, we conclude that IONs at environmental concen- trations are safe for planarians, and that the planarian is a powerful model system that can replace vertebrate animal models in nanoecotoxicology research and for nanoecotoxicology studies.}, language = {en} } @article{JungLakatosHarionetal.2023, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Harion, Felix and Wu, Shujie and N{\"u}rnberg, Dennis J. and Bellamoli, Francesco and Antonio, Guillen and Leira, Manuel}, title = {Dark blue-green: Cave-inhabiting cyanobacteria as a model for astrobiology}, volume = {2023}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fspas.2023.1107371}, pages = {9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Subterranean environments on Earth serve as an analog for the study of microbes on other planets, which has become an active area of research. Although it might sound contradictory that photosynthetic cyanobacteria thrive in extreme low light environments, they are frequent inhabitants of caves on Earth. Throughout the phylum these cyanobacteria have developed unique adaptations that cannot only be used for biotechnological processes but also have implications for astrobiology. They can, for example, both accommodate for the low light conditions by producing specific pigments that allow photosynthesis in near-infrared (IR) radiation/far-red light, and they can synthesize bioplastic compounds and calcium carbonate sheaths which represent valuable resources during human colonization of other planets or rock bodies. This article will highlight the potential benefits of cave-inhabiting cyanobacteria and will present a suitable bioreactor technique for the utilization of these special microbes during future space missions.}, language = {en} } @misc{Dorschner, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Dorschner, Laura Marie}, title = {Ethik und Fairness in KI-Systemen: Untersuchung und Vergleich von Frameworks zur Gew{\"a}hrleistung von Ethik, Fairness und Verantwortlichkeit in KI-Systemen}, volume = {2025}, publisher = {Hochschule Kaiserslautern}, address = {Zweibr{\"u}cken}, doi = {10.57997/j8zz-n518}, pages = {122}, abstract = {Die rasante Entwicklung K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz (KI) bringt erhebliche ethische Herausforderungen mit sich, insbesondere in Bezug auf Fairness, Transparenz und Verantwortung. Diese Arbeit analysiert und vergleicht systematisch f{\"u}nf zentrale ethische Frameworks zur Regulierung von KI-Systemen: AI4People's Ethical Framework, die Ethik-Leitlinien f{\"u}r eine vertrauensw{\"u}rdige KI der EU, das interdisziplin{\"a}re Framework "From Principles to Practice", die UNESCO-Empfehlung zur Ethik der K{\"u}nstlichen Intelligenz sowie den EU Artificial Intelligence Act. Nach einer Einf{\"u}hrung in die technischen und ethischen Grundlagen von KI werden diese Frameworks hinsichtlich ihrer Struktur, ethischen Prinzipien und praktischen Anwendbarkeit verglichen. Die qualitative Bewertung erfolgt anhand ethischer Theorien und einer SWOTAnalyse, um St{\"a}rken, Schw{\"a}chen, Chancen und Risiken jedes Frameworks systematisch zu identifizieren. Erg{\"a}nzend erfolgt eine quantitative Analyse mittels Scoring-Modell zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit der Ans{\"a}tze. Eine Fallstudie zur KI-gest{\"u}tzten Hautkrebsdiagnose zeigt die praktische Relevanz ethischer Leitlinien und offenbart Herausforderungen in der Anwendung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass alle untersuchten Frameworks wesentliche ethische Prinzipien adressieren, jedoch in ihrer praktischen Umsetzung und Verbindlichkeit teils erhebliche Unterschiede aufweisen. Besonders der EU AI Act stellt einen wichtigen regulatorischen Schritt dar, bleibt jedoch in einigen Bereichen unzureichend. Abschließend werden Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r eine effektive und ethisch verantwortliche KI-Governance formuliert.}, language = {de} } @article{BeckerSchwammUrschel, author = {Becker, Vincent and Schwamm, Thilo and Urschel, Sven}, title = {Fault Investigation of Circulation Pumps to Detect Impeller Clogging}, volume = {10}, doi = {10.3390/app10217550}, pages = {1 -- 13}, abstract = {Pumps have a wide range of applicat ions. Methods for fault detection of motors are increasingly being used for pumps. In the context of this paper, a test bench is built to investigate circulation pumps for faults. As a use case, the fault of impeller clogging was first measured and then examined with the help of motor current signature analysis. It can be seen that there are four frequencies at which there is an increase in amplitude in case of a fault. The sidebands around the supply frequency are in particular f ocus. The clogging of three and four of a total of seven channels leads to the highest amplitudes at the fault frequencies. The efficiency is reduced by 9 to 15\% in case of faulty opera tion. These results indicate that the implementation of fault detection algorithms on the pump electronics represents added value for the pump operator. Furthermore, the results can be transferred to other applications.}, language = {en} } @article{JungLakatosBriegelWilliamsetal.2024, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Briegel-Williams, Laura and Dultz, Stefan and Neff, Carina and Heibrock, Gunnar and Monger, Curtis and Pietrasiak, Nicole and Keller, Lena and Hale, Julia and Friedek, Jan and Schmidt, Timo and Guggenberger, Georg}, title = {Hard shell, soft blue-green core: Ecology, processes, and modern applications of calcification in terrestrial cyanobacteria}, volume = {2024}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.isci.2024.111280}, pages = {23}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Cyanobacteria are the oldest photoautotrophic lineage that release oxygen during photosynthesis, an ability that possibly evolved as far as 3.5 billion years ago and changed the Earth's environment—both in water and on land. Linked to the mechanism of carbon accumulation by cyanobacteria during photosynthesis are their calcifying properties, a process of biologically mediated mineralization of CO 2 by precipitation with calcium to CaCO 3. In recent decades, scientific research has mainly focused on calcifying cyanobacteria from aquatic habitats, while their terrestrial relatives have been neglected. This review not only presents the ecology of terrestrial calcifying cyanobacteria in caves and biocrusts but also discusses recent biotechnological applications, such as the production of living building materials through microbial-induced carbonate precipitation for structural engineering, which has the potential to open a new and efficient pathway for mitigating climate change, e.g., as carbon capture and storage technology.}, language = {en} } @article{SaleemMedinaSkrifvarsetal., author = {Saleem, Anjum and Medina, Luisa and Skrifvars, Mikael and Berglin, Lena}, title = {Hybrid Polymer Composites of Bio-Based Bast Fibers with Glass, Carbon and Basalt Fibers for Automotive Applications—A Review}, series = {Molecules}, volume = {25}, journal = {Molecules}, issn = {1420-3049}, doi = {10.3390/molecules25214933}, pages = {1 -- 29}, abstract = {Composites with reinforcements based on bast fibers such as flax, hemp and kenaf offer many advantages such as weight reduction, improved specific impact, flexural, acoustic properties, and balanced performance to cost that can be achieved by properly designing the material composition. Their position is well established, especially in the nonstructural automotive applications. However, in structural applications of composites, their mechanical property profile is not comparable to the dominant reinforcements such as glass and carbon fibers. The low mechanical properties of these composites could be improved by hybridization that involves adding high-performance fibers to the bast fiber composites that could improve the low mechanical performance of the bast fiber composites. The review presented in this article provides an overview of the developments in the field of hybrid polymer composites composed of bio-based bast fibers with glass, carbon, and basalt fibers. The focus areas are the composite manufacturing methods, the influence of hybridization on the mechanical properties, and the applications of hybrid composites.}, language = {en} } @article{MoebiusFuhrmann2019, author = {M{\"o}bius, Hildegard and Fuhrmann, Marc}, title = {Influence of dielectric layer thickness and roughness on topographic effects in magnetic force microscopy}, series = {Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology}, journal = {Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology}, number = {2019/10}, doi = {10.3762/bjnano.10.106}, pages = {1056 -- 1064}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) has become a widely used tool for the characterization of magnetic properties. However, the magnetic signal can be overlapped by additional forces acting on the tip such as electrostatic forces. In this work the possibility to reduce capacitive coupling effects between tip and substrate is discussed in relation to the thickness of a dielectric layer introduced in the system. Single superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are used as a model system, because their magnetic signal is contrariwise to the signal due to capacitive coupling so that it is possible to distinguish between magnetic and electric force contributions. Introducing a dielectric layer between substrate and nanoparticle the capacitive coupling can be tuned and minimized for thick layers. Using the theory of capacitive coupling and the magnetic point dipole-dipole model we could theoretically explain and experimentally prove the phase signal for single superparamagnetic nanoparticles as a function of the layer thickness of the dielectric layer. Tuning the capacitive coupling by variation of the dielectric layer thickness between nanoparticle and substrate allows the distinction between the electric and the magnetic contributions to the MFM signal. The theory also predicts decreasing topographic effects in MFM signals due to surface roughness of dielectric films with increasing film thickness.}, language = {en} } @misc{Risch, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Risch, Adrian}, title = {Konzeption und Realisierung einer barrierefreien Sprach- und Kommunikationstrainings-Anwendung f{\"u}r Menschen mit Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen}, volume = {2024}, publisher = {Hochschule Kaiserslautern}, address = {Zweibr{\"u}cken}, doi = {10.57997/opus4-72}, pages = {137}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit pr{\"a}sentiert die Entwicklung einer Open-Source Flutter Webanwen-dung f{\"u}r Sprach- und Kommunikationstraining, die speziell f{\"u}r Menschen mit Be-eintr{\"a}chtigungen entwickelt wurde. Sie setzt Faster Whisper f{\"u}r die Sprachtran-skription und Spacy f{\"u}r die Verarbeitung nat{\"u}rlicher Sprache ein, um die Sprach-analyse zu erm{\"o}glichen. Die Zielgruppe zieht sich h{\"a}ufig aufgrund sprachlicher und kommunikativer Herausforderungen aus dem Sozialleben zur{\"u}ck. Das Ziel der Anwendung ist die Erweiterung und Festigung des Wortschatzes sowie die Verbesserung der Kommunikationsf{\"a}higkeiten. Die Entwicklungsarbeit hebt die Wichtigkeit von Barrierefreiheit hervor und zeigt Bereiche auf, in denen es an in-klusiven Praktiken mangelt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{AmicoBeckerDamianetal.2024, author = {Amico, Gianluca and Becker, Timo and Damian, Jonas and Fuchs, Annika and Freis, Tamara and Grund, Maximilian and G{\"u}ther, Stefanie and Haag, Stefan and Hamich, Myriam and Hartl, Fabian and Kaiser, Sebastian and Kantermann, Thomas and Koch, Oliver and K{\"o}hler, Christian and Kopsch, Anke and Leuthardt, Anna-Gesa and Linssen, Oliver and Meisel, Sebastian and Ngoei Ndinga Nyadao, Hamadou and Picht-Wiggering, Laura and Pickert, Daniel and Pietsch, Stephanie and Pulham, Susan and Schegg, Ren{\´e} and Schneider-Damian, Mira and Sch{\"o}neberger, Marius and Schr{\"o}er, Andreas and Sch{\"u}tz-Penth, Friederike and Schwinn, Aileen and Simon, Carlo and Stork, Werner and Waldmann, Joanna and Walter, Cvetanka and Wawerda, Julianne and Weschenfelder, Felix and Zakfeld, Lara and Zauner, Amelie and Zimpelmann, Eike}, title = {Kreidezeit?! Kompetenzentwicklung an Hochschulen f{\"u}r das 21. Jahrhundert}, volume = {2024}, editor = {Fallb{\"o}hmer-Koob, Antonia and Fuchs, Annika and Knopper, Klaus and Schmitz, Constanze}, publisher = {Hochschule Kaiserslautern}, address = {Zweibr{\"u}cken}, doi = {10.57997/3h83-hr89}, pages = {245}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Im Rahmen der Tagung „Kreidezeit?! Kompetenzentwicklung an Hochschulen f{\"u}r das 21. Jahrhundert" an der Hochschule Kaiserslautern erfolgte eine systematische Auseinandersetzung mit der Relevanz von Future Skills zur Vorbereitung auf k{\"u}nftige gesellschaftliche und berufliche Anforderungen. Im vorliegenden Tagungsband dokumentieren die Beitragenden das breite Spektrum von disziplin{\"u}bergreifender bis hin zur fachspezifischen F{\"o}rderung der Future Skills. Es werden anschauliche {\"U}berlegungen und Beispiele erl{\"a}utert, wie das zukunftsorientierte Lehren und Lernen im hochschulischen Kontext begleitet und umgesetzt werden kann.}, language = {de} } @article{JungBaumannEmrichetal., author = {Jung, Patrick and Baumann, Karen and Emrich, Dina and Springer, Armin and Felde, Vincent J.M.N.L. and Dultz, Stefan and Baum, Christel and Frank, Marcus and B{\"u}del, Burkhard and Leinweber, Peter}, title = {Lichens Bite the Dust - A Bioweathering Scenario in the Atacama Desert}, series = {iScience}, volume = {23}, journal = {iScience}, number = {11}, issn = {2589-0042}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101647}, pages = {1 -- 29}, abstract = {Bioweathering mediated by microorganisms plays a significant role in biogeo-chemical cycles on global scales over geological timescales. Single processes induced by specific taxa have been described but could rarely be demonstrated for complex communities that dominate whole landscapes. The recently discovered grit crust of the coastal Atacama Desert, which is a transitional community between a cryptogamic ground cover and a rock-bound lithic assemblage, offers the unique chance to elucidate various bioweathering processes that occur simultaneously. Here, we present a bioweathering scenario of this biocenosis including processes such as penetration of the lithomatrix, microbial responses to wet-dry cycles, alkalinolysis, enzyme activity, and mineral re-localization. Frequently occurring fog, for example, led to a volume increase of microorganisms and the lithomatrix. This, together with pH shifts and dust accumulation, consequently results in biophysical breakdown and the formation of a terrestrial protopedon, an initial stage of pedogenesis fueled by the grit crust.}, language = {en} } @article{MoebiusFuhrmann, author = {M{\"o}bius, Hildegard and Fuhrmann, Marc}, title = {Magnetic Imaging of Encapsulated Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles by Data Fusion of Magnetic Force Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy Signals for Correction of Topographic Crosstalk}, number = {10}, doi = {10.3390/nano10122486}, pages = {1 -- 11}, abstract = {Encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles are of increasing interest for biomedical applications. However, up to now, it is still not possible to characterize their localized magnetic properties within the capsules. Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) has proved to be a suitable technique to image magnetic nanoparticles at ambient conditions revealing information about the spatial distribution and the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles simultaneously. However, MFM measurements on magnetic nanoparticles lead to falsifications of the magnetic MFM signal due to the topographic crosstalk. The origin of the topographic crosstalk in MFM has been proven to be capacitive coupling effects due to distance change between the substrate and tip measuring above the nanoparticle. In this paper, we present data fusion of the topography measurements of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and the phase image of MFM measurements in combination with the theory of capacitive coupling in order to eliminate the topographic crosstalk in the phase image. This method offers a novel approach for the magnetic visualization of encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles.}, language = {en} } @article{ScharfenbergerSchmeerBackmannSchmidtmannetal.2024, author = {Scharfenberger-Schmeer, Maren and Backmann, Louis and Schmidtmann, Katharina and Wegmann-Herr, Pascal and J{\"u}rgens, Andreas}, title = {Molecular Biological Methods to Assess Different Botrytis cinerea Strains on Grapes}, volume = {2024}, number = {2}, publisher = {microbiology research}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/microbiolres15020037}, pages = {567 -- 581}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Botrytis cinerea is a well-known pathogen that can be challenging to control in crops, such as wine grapes. To adapt to the increasing problems of climate change and strain resistance, it is important to find new methods to detect Botrytis cinerea and differentiate strains. These methods include strain differentiation and classification by simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and early detection of the fungus by qPCR. Various strains were analysed using SSR markers and either agarose gel electrophoresis or capillary sequencing via PCR. A sensitive qPCR method was refined to achieve an early detection method for the pathogen. The results demonstrate promising ways to distinguish between strains using both agarose gel electrophoresis and capillary sequencing as well as to detect infection before it becomes visible on grapes. This can be used to further understand and analyse different Botrytis cinerea strain characteristics such as laccase activity, regional or annual effects. The early detection method can be used to better prepare growers for an impending infection so that targeted efforts can be made.}, language = {en} } @article{ScharfenbergerSchmeerStahlEdoetal.2022, author = {Scharfenberger-Schmeer, Maren and Stahl, Lea Franziska and Edo, Manon and Nonnenmacher, Timon and Reif, Daniela and Rex, Friederike and Wegmann-Herr, Pascal and Kortekamp, Andreas and Fischer-Schuch, Jochen and Thines, Eckhard}, title = {Ozonized Oleic Acid as a New Viticultural Treatment? Study of the Effect of LIQUENSO® Oxygenate on the Carpoplane Microbial Community and Wine Microorganisms Combining Metabarcoding and In Vitro Assays}, volume = {2022}, number = {3}, publisher = {ecologies}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ecologies3030023}, pages = {292 -- 307}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In this study, an amplicon metagenomic approach was used to determine the effect of repeated treatments with ozonized oleic acid on the microbial community of grapevine carpoplane. Differences in community composition of treated vineyards were compared to non-treated and conventionally treated samples regarding the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiome at two developmental stages (BBCH 83, BBCH 87). The results showed effects both on occurrence and on abundance of microorganisms and the community assembly. Wine-relevant genera such as Acetobacter and members of the former genus Lactobacillus could be identified as part of the natural microbiota. The impact of the new viticultural treatment on these organisms was assessed in liquid culture-based microtiter assays. Therefore, we investigated an array of two acetic acid bacteria (AAB), four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and nine saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts. Brettanomyces bruxellensis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pediococcus sp. and Acetobacter aceti revealed the highest sensitivities against ozonized oleic acid (LIQUENSO® Oxygenat). Culture growth of these organisms was significantly reduced at an ozonide concentration of 0.25\% (v/v), which corresponded to a quarter of the concentration used in the vineyard. The metabarcoding approach in combination with complementary in vitro assays allow new insights into treatment effects on the community and species scale.}, language = {en} } @article{ScharfenbergerSchmeerBackmannUmberathetal.2025, author = {Scharfenberger-Schmeer, Maren and Backmann, Louis and Umberath, Kim Marie and Wegmann-Herr, Pascal and Weber, Fabian and J{\"u}rgens, Andreas}, title = {Putting Laccase Gene Differences on Genomic Level into Context: An Analysis of Botrytis cinerea Strains from Grapes}, volume = {2025}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/microorganisms13030483}, pages = {21}, year = {2025}, abstract = {One of the most important crop pathogens is Botrytis cinerea. It overcomes plant defenses using laccase, an enzyme which is frequently researched. Yet the differences between strains regarding their laccase activity is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyze laccase genes in the context of the regionality, vintage, and laccase activity of the strains. Eight strains were analyzed using whole genome sequencing, and the laccase activity was assessed. The strains were differentiated by SSR-PCR. We looked at all 14 known laccase genome regions as well as the promoter and terminator regions using variant metrics and phylogenetic trees. The laccase genes seem to be correlated with the regionality of the strains rather than the laccase activity, which provides new understanding to the study of pathogen adaption in specific environments. Some of the laccase gene regions showed little to no evolutionary change, while other regions showed a great variety of changes. This research highlights taking different laccase gene regions into context. We provide fundamental information for further research. Further studies, especially on gene expression, could provide insightful information regarding the potential of pathogen infection.}, language = {en} } @article{JungLakatosWerneretal.2023, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Werner, Lina and Briegel-Williams, Laura and Emrich, Dina}, title = {Roccellinastrum, Cenozosia and Heterodermia: Ecology and phylogeny of fog lichens and their photobionts from the coastal Atacama Desert}, volume = {2023}, publisher = {Pensoft Publishers}, address = {Sofia}, doi = {10.3897/mycokeys.98.107764}, pages = {32}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Some deserts on Earth such as the Namib or the Atacama are influenced by fog which can lead to the formation of local fog oases - unique environments hosting a great diversity of specialized plants and lichens. Lichens of the genera Ramalina, Niebla or Heterodermia have taxonomically been investigated from fog oases around the globe but not from the Atacama Desert, one of the oldest and driest deserts. Conditioned by its topography and the presence of orographic fog, the National Park Pan de Az{\´u}car in the Atacama Desert is considered to be such a lichen hotspot. Applying multi-gen loci involving phylogenetic analyses combined with intense morphological and chemical characterization, we determined the taxonomic position of five of the most abundant epiphytic lichens of this area. We evaluated Roccellinastrum spongoideum and Heterodermia follmannii which were both described from the area but also finally showed that the genus Cenozosia is the endemic sister genus to Ramalina, Vermilacinia, Namibialina and Niebla. As a result, we have described the species Heterodermia adunca, C. cava and C. excorticata as new lichen species. This work provides a comprehensive dataset for common fog lichen genera of the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert that can be used as a baseline for monitoring programs and environmental health assessments.}, language = {en} } @article{JungSommerKarstenetal.2022, author = {Jung, Patrick and Sommer, Veronika and Karsten, Ulf and Lakatos, Michael}, title = {Salty Twins: Salt-Tolerance of Terrestrial Cyanocohniella Strains (Cyanobacteria) and Description of C. rudolphia sp. nov. Point towards a Marine Origin of the Genus and Terrestrial Long Distance Dispersal Patterns}, volume = {2022}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/microorganisms10050968}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The ability to adapt to wide ranges of environmental conditions coupled with their long evolution has allowed cyanobacteria to colonize almost every habitat on Earth. Modern taxonomy tries to track not only this diversification process but also to assign individual cyanobacteria to specific niches. It was our aim to work out a potential niche concept for the genus Cyanocohniella in terms of salt tolerance. We used a strain based on the description of C. rudolphia sp. nov. isolated from a potash tailing pile (Germany) and for comparison C. crotaloides that was isolated from sandy beaches (The Netherlands). The taxonomic position of C. rudolphia sp. nov. was evaluated by phylogenetic analysis and morphological descriptions of its life cycle. Salt tolerance of C. rudolphia sp. nov. and C. crotaloides was monitored with cultivation assays in liquid medium and on sand under salt concentrations ranging from 0\% to 12\% (1500 mM) NaCl. Optimum growth conditions were detected for both strains at 4\% (500 mM) NaCl based on morpho-anatomical and physiological criteria such as photosynthetic yield by chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements. Taking into consideration that all known strains of this genus colonize salty habitats supports our assumption that the genus might have a marine origin but also expands colonization to salty terrestrial habitats. This aspect is further discussed, including the ecological and biotechnological relevance of the data presented.}, language = {en} } @article{AcostaWuTenkampetal., author = {Acosta, Ruth and Wu, Haoran and Tenkamp, Jochen and Walther, Frank and Starke, Peter}, title = {SteBLife, a New Approach for the Accelerated Generation of Metallic Materials' Fatigue Data}, series = {Metals}, volume = {10}, journal = {Metals}, number = {6}, issn = {2075-4701}, doi = {10.3390/met10060798}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {The service life of materials and components exposed to repeated mechanical loads is limited, which is why the understanding of the damage evolution and estimating its fatigue life is of high importance for its technical application. This paper shows how temperature and magnetic field measurement methods can be used to describe the cyclic deformation behaviour of metallic materials and to derive parameters from this, which are used in short-term methods to calculate the fatigue life. Within the SteBLife (stepped-bar fatigue life) approach, only three to five fatigue tests with a stepped fatigue specimen are required to determine a complete S-N or Woehler curve with scatter bands for different failure probabilities. If only a trend S-N curve is required, the number of tests can be reduced to a single fatigue test only. In the framework of this paper, these approaches will be presented for normalised SAE 1045 (C45E) and quenched and tempered SAE 4140 (42CrMo4) steels.}, language = {en} } @article{Starke2019, author = {Starke, Peter}, title = {StressLifetc - NDT-related assessment of the fatigue life of metallic materials}, series = {MP Materials Testing}, journal = {MP Materials Testing}, editor = {B{\"o}llinghaus, Thomas}, doi = {10.48537/opus4-48}, pages = {297 -- 303}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Weight-optimized component design as well as a reliable estimation of the lifetime of metallic materials and components requires a comprehensive understanding of fatigue processes and a systematic investigation of the underlying fatigue behavior. Therefore, nondestructive testing methods, digitalization of measurement techniques as well as signal processing can be combined with a short-term procedure in order to acquire potentially more information about fatigue processes, while experimental effort and costs are reduced significantly. This leads not only to considerable advantages over conventional methods for determining S-N curves, but also over established short-term procedures, due to the possibility of applying this information from just a few specimens to attain fatigue life calculations. The StressLifetc approach is a new short-term calculation method which considers the nonlinear relation between the elastic, elastic-plastic and plastic portion of the material response in the deformation process. Within the scope of the present work, the change in temperature of SAE 1045 (C45E) specimens was measured during fatigue tests via an infrared camera in order to feed the thermal response back into the new StressLifetc approach for a reliable fatigue life calculation.}, language = {en} } @article{JungLakatosPaperetal.2023, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Paper, Michael and Koch, Max and Nilges, Tom and Br{\"u}ck, Thomas B.}, title = {Stripped: contribution of cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances to the adsorption of rare earth elements from aqueous solutions}, volume = {2023}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2023.1299349}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The transformation of modern industries towards enhanced sustainability is facilitated by green technologies that rely extensively on rare earth elements (REEs) such as cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), terbium (Tb), and lanthanum (La). The occurrence of productive mining sites, e.g., is limited, and production is often costly and environmentally harmful. As a consequence of increased utilization, REEs enter our ecosystem as industrial process water or wastewater and become highly diluted. Once diluted, they can hardly be recovered by conventional techniques, but using cyanobacterial biomass in a biosorption-based process is a promising eco-friendly approach. Cyanobacteria can produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that show high affinity to metal cations. However, the adsorption of REEs by EPS has not been part of extensive research. Thus, we evaluated the role of EPS in the biosorption of Ce, Nd, Tb, and La for three terrestrial, heterocystous cyanobacterial strains. We cultivated them under N-limited and non-limited conditions and extracted their EPS for compositional analyses. Subsequently, we investigated the metal uptake of a) the extracted EPS, b) the biomass extracted from EPS, and c) the intact biomass with EPS by comparing the amount of sorbed REEs. Maximum adsorption capacities for the tested REEs of extracted EPS were 123.9-138.2 mg g-1 for Komarekiella sp. 89.12, 133.1-137.4 mg g-1 for Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03, and 103.5-129.3 mg g-1 for Nostoc sp. 20.02. A comparison of extracted biomass with intact biomass showed that 16\% (Komarekiella sp. 89.12), 28\% (Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03), and 41\% (Nostoc sp. 20.02) of REE adsorption was due to the biosorption of the extracellular EPS. The glucose- rich EPS (15\%-43\% relative concentration) of all three strains grown under nitrogen-limited conditions showed significantly higher biosorption rates for all REEs. We also found a significantly higher maximum adsorption capacity of all REEs for the extracted EPS compared to cells without EPS and untreated biomass, highlighting the important role of the EPS as a binding site for REEs in the biosorption process. EPS from cyanobacteria could thus be used as efficient biosorbents in future applications for REE recycling, e.g., industrial process water and wastewater streams.}, language = {en} } @article{JungD’AgostinoBuedeletal., author = {Jung, Patrick and D'Agostino, Paul M. and B{\"u}del, Burkhard and Lakatos, Michael}, title = {Symphyonema bifilamentata sp. nov., the Right Fischerella ambigua 108b: Half a Decade of Research on Taxonomy and Bioactive Compounds in New Light}, series = {Microorganisms}, volume = {9}, journal = {Microorganisms}, number = {4}, issn = {2076-2607}, doi = {10.3390/microorganisms9040745}, abstract = {Since 1965 a cyanobacterial strain termed 'Fischerella ambigua 108b' was the object of several studies investigating its potential as a resource for new bioactive compounds in several European institutes. Over decades these investigations uncovered several unique small molecules and their respective biosynthetic pathways, including the polychlorinated triphenyls of the ambigol family and the tjipanazoles. However, the true taxonomic character of the producing strain remained concealed until now. Applying a polyphasic approach considering the phylogenetic position based on the 16S rRNA and the protein coding gene rbcLX, secondary structures and morphological features, we present the strain 'Fischerella ambigua 108b' as Symphyonema bifilamentata sp. nov. 97.28. Although there is the type species (holotype) S. sinense C.-C. Jao 1944 there is no authentic living strain or material for genetic analyses for the genus Symphyonema available. Thus we suggest and provide an epitypification of S. bifilamentata sp. nov. 97.28 as a valid reference for the genus Symphyonema. Its affiliation to the family Symphyonemataceae sheds not only new light on this rare taxon but also on the classes of bioactive metabolites of these heterocytous and true-branching cyanobacteria which we report here. We show conclusively that the literature on the isolation of bioactive products from this organism provides further support for a clear distinction between the secondary metabolism of Symphyonema bifilamentata sp. nov. 97.28 compared to related and other taxa, pointing to the assignment of this organism into a separate genus.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AckermannAlBostaBackmannetal., author = {Ackermann, Eric and Al Bosta, Brigitte and Backmann, Louis and Block, Joern and Braasch, Christian and Coppers, Anna and Dietzel, Caroline and Dreßler, Marc and Echternkamp, Rebekka and Flegel, Nadine and Gallace, Bruno and G{\"u}nther, Elmar and Hakimian, Daron and Hasnai, Ahmar and Heddenhausen, Paula and Heigwer, Florian and Hempel, Felix and Holzmann, Simon and Jung, Stefanie and Kaiser, Simon and L{\"o}hr, Dirk and Lueck, Julian and Mentler, Tilo and Alexandra, Moritz and Morsch, Sandra and Nadler, Marc and Neff, Carina and Nieratschker, Willi and Nett, Diana and Pfeil, Silko and Plaßmann, Jessica and P{\"o}hler, Jonas and Pratika, Rai and Retterath, Lukas and Saumer, Monika and Scherer, Kai and Schuth, Michael and Schuler, Nicolas and Schumann, Christian and Struck, Philipp and Tarasov, Alexey and Teodorescu, Margareta and Salgado, Billy and Van Laerhoven, Kristof and Von Freymann, Georg and Wagner, Max and Wahl, Michael and Weinert, Stephan and Z{\"u}rbes, Arno}, title = {Tagungsband HAW-Forschungstag 2024}, volume = {2024}, editor = {Eder, S. and Hermsen, T. and Sch{\"a}fer, K.-H. and Hermsen, T. and Kehr, H. and Liersch, A. and Mehler-Bicher, A. and Piller, G. and Te Heesen, H.}, organization = {Hochschule Kaiserslautern}, doi = {10.57997/opus4-70}, pages = {119}, abstract = {Mit dem hier vorliegenden Tagungsband des landesweiten HAW-Forschungstages 2024 an der Hochschule Kaiserslautern erm{\"o}glichen wir allen Teilnehmenden und Interessierten einen Einblick in die Vielfalt und Exzellenz der Forschung an unseren Hochschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz. Der HAW-Forschungstag 2024 steht unter dem Motto "Die Zukunft ist WIR - Wissenschaft, Innovation, Rheinland-Pfalz". Unsere Forschungsthemen reichen von Gestaltung {\"u}ber Life Sciences und Informatik bis hin zu Wirtschaft, Soziales und Gesundheit. Diese interdisziplin{\"a}re Ausrichtung spiegelt sich in den hier versammelten Beitr{\"a}gen wider und verdeutlicht die Rolle der Hochschulen f{\"u}r Angewandte Wissenschaften als zentrale Player in der modernen Forschungslandschaft.}, language = {de} } @article{JungLakatosLehnertetal.2022, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Lehnert, Lukas W. and Bendix, J{\"o}rg and Lentendu, Guillaume and Grube, Martin and Alfaro, Fernando D. and del Rio, Camilo and Alvarado, Jos{\´e} Luis Guti{\´e}rrez and van den Brink, Liesbeth}, title = {The grit crust: A poly-extremotolerant microbial community from the Atacama Desert as a model for astrobiology}, volume = {2022}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fspas.2022.1052278}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The grit crust is a recently discovered, novel type of biocrust made of prokaryotic cyanobacteria, eukaryotic green algae, fungi, lichens and other microbes that grow around and within granitoid stone pebbles of about 6 mm diameter in the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert, Chile. The microbial community is very well adapted towards the extreme conditions of the Atacama Desert, such as the highest irradiation of the planet, strong temperature amplitudes and steep wet-dry cycles. It also has several other striking features making this biocrust unique compared to biocrusts known from other arid biomes on Earth. It has already been shown that the grit crust mediates various bio-weathering activities in its natural habitat. These activities prime soil for higher organisms in a way that can be envisioned as a proxy for general processes shaping even extra-terrestrial landscapes. This mini-review highlights the potential of the grit crust as a model for astrobiology in terms of extra-terrestrial microbial colonization and biotechnological applications that support human colonization of planets.}, language = {en} } @article{JungLakatosBrandetal.2024, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Brand, Rebekah and Briegel-Williams, Laura and Werner, Lina and Jost, Emily and Lentendu, Guillaume and Singer, David and Athavale, Rujuta and N{\"u}rnberg, Dennis J. and Alfaro, Fernando D. and B{\"u}del, Burkhard}, title = {The symbiotic alga Trebouxia fuels a coherent soil ecosystem on the landscape scale in the Atacama Desert}, volume = {2024}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1186/s40793-024-00601-5}, pages = {21}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Biocrusts represent associations of lichens, green algae, cyanobacteria, fungi and other microorganisms, colonizing soils in varying proportions of principally arid biomes. The so‑called grit crust represents a recently discovered type of biocrust situated in the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert (Chile) made of microorganisms growing on and in granitoid pebbles, resulting in a checkerboard pattern visible to the naked eye on the landscape scale. This specific microbiome fulfills a broad range of ecosystem services, all probably driven by fog and dew‑induced photosyn‑ thetic activity of mainly micro‑lichens. To understand its biodiversity and impact, we applied a polyphasic approach on the phototrophic microbiome of this biocrust, combining isolation and characterization of the lichen photobionts, multi‑gene phylogeny of the photobionts and mycobionts based on a direct sequencing and microphotography approach, metabarcoding and determination of chlorophylla+b contents. Metabarcoding showed that yet unde‑ scribed lichens within the Caliciaceae dominated the biocrust together with Trebouxia as the most abundant eukary‑ ote in all plots. Together with high mean chlorophylla+b contents exceeding 410 mg m-2 , this distinguished the sym‑ biotic algae Trebouxia as the main driver of the grit crust ecosystem. The trebouxioid photobionts could be assigned to the I (T. impressa/gelatinosa) and A (T. arboricola) clades and represented several lineages containing five potential species candidates, which were identified based on the unique phylogenetic position, morphological features, and developmental cycles of the corresponding isolates. These results designate the grit crust as the only known coherent soil layer with significant landscape covering impact of at least 440 km 2 , predominantly ruled by a single symbiotic algal genus.}, language = {en} } @article{JungLakatosBriegelWilliamsetal.2024, author = {Jung, Patrick and Lakatos, Michael and Briegel-Williams, Laura and B{\"u}del, Burkhard and Schultz, Matthias and N{\"u}rnberg, Dennis J. and Grube, Martin and D'Agostino, Paul M. and Kaštovsk{\´y}, Jan and Mares, Jan and Lorenz, Maike and Gil Gonz{\´a}les, Manuel Luis and Dal Forno, Manuela and Westberg, Martin and Chrismas, Nathan and Pietrasiak, Nicole and Whelan, Paul and Dvoř{\´a}k, Petr and Košuthov{\´a}, Alica and Gkelis, Spyros and Bauersachs, Thorsten and Schiefelbein, Ulf and Phi Giao, V{\~o} Thị}, title = {The underestimated fraction: diversity, challenges and novel insights into unicellular cyanobionts of lichens}, volume = {2024}, publisher = {Oxford Academic}, address = {Oxford}, doi = {10.1093/ismeco/ycae069}, pages = {11}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Lichens are remarkable and classic examples of symbiotic organisms that have fascinated scientists for centuries. Yet, it has only been for a couple of decades that significant advances have focused on the diversity of their green algal and/or cyanobacterial photobionts. Cyanolichens, which contain cyanobacteria as their photosynthetic partner, include up to 10\% of all known lichens and, as such, studies on their cyanobionts are much rarer compared to their green algal counterparts. For the unicellular cyanobionts, i.e. cyanobacteria that do not form filaments, these studies are even scarcer. Nonetheless, these currently include at least 10 different genera in the cosmopolitan lichen order Lichinales. An international consortium (International Network of CyanoBionts; INCb) will tackle this lack of knowledge. In this article, we discuss the status of current unicellular cyanobiont research, compare the taxonomic resolution of photobionts from cyanolichens with those of green algal lichens (chlorolichens), and give a roadmap of research on how to recondition the underestimated fraction of symbiotic unicellular cyanobacteria in lichens.}, language = {en} } @article{RaniPachauriVuetal.2018, author = {Rani, Dipti and Pachauri, Vivek and Vu, Xuan-Thang and Ingebrandt, Sven}, title = {Top-Down Fabricated Silicon Nanowire Arrays for Field-Effect Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen}, number = {2018/3}, publisher = {ACS Publications}, doi = {10.1021/acsomega.8b00990}, pages = {8471 -- 8482}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Highly sensitive electrical detection of biomarkers for the early stage screening of cancer is desired for future, ultrafast diagnostic platforms. In the case of prostate cancer (PCa), the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is of prime interest and its detection in combination with other PCa-relevant biomarkers in a multiplex approach is advised. Toward this goal, we demonstrate the label-free, potentiometric detection of PSA with silicon nanowire ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (Si NW-ISFET) arrays. To realize the field-effect detection, we utilized the DNA aptamerreceptors specific for PSA, which were covalently and site-specifically immobilized on Si NW-ISFETs. The platform was used for quantitative detection of PSA and the change in threshold voltage of the Si NW-ISEFTs was correlated with the concentration of PSA. Concentration-dependent measurements were done in a wide range of 1 pg/mL to 1 μg/mL, which covers the clinical range of interest. To confirm the PSA-DNA aptamer binding on the Si NW surfaces, a sandwich-immunoassay based on chemiluminescence was implemented. The electrical approach using the Si NW-ISFET platform shows a lower limit of detection and a wide dynamic range of the assay. In future, our platform should be utilized to detect multiple biomarkers in one assay to obtain more reliable information about cancerrelated diseases}, language = {en} } @article{MasoodSchaeferWeyland, author = {Masood, Muhammad Irfan and Sch{\"a}fer, Herbert Karl and Weyland, Maximilian}, title = {Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone}, series = {PLOS ONE}, volume = {15}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, number = {8}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0237025}, pages = {1 -- 24}, abstract = {Troxerutin (TRX) is a water-soluble flavonoid which occurs commonly in the edible plants. Recent studies state that TRX improves the functionality of the nervous system and neutral- izes Amyloid-ß induced neuronal toxicity. In this study, an in vitro assay based upon Neural stem cell (NSCs) isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal balb/c mice was established to explore the impact of TRX on individual neurogenesis processes in general and neuroprotective effect against ß-amyloid 1-42 (Aß42) induced inhibition in differentia- tion in particular. NSCs were identified exploiting immunostaining of the NSCs markers. Neurosphere clonogenic assay and BrdU/Ki67 immunostaining were employed to unravel the impact of TRX on proliferation. Differentiation experiments were carried out for a time span lasting from 48 h to 7 days utilizing ß-tubulin III and GFAP as neuronal and astrocyte marker respectively. Protective effects of TRX on Aß42 induced depression of NSCs differ- entiation were determined after 48 h of application. A neurosphere migration assay was car- ried out for 24 h in the presence and absence of TRX. Interestingly, TRX enhanced neuronal differentiation of NSCs in a dose-dependent manner after 48 h and 7 days of incubation and significantly enhanced neurite growth. A higher concentration of TRX also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on neurite outgrowth and length after 48 h of incubation. TRX sig- nificantly stimulated cell migration. Overall, TRX not only promoted NSCs differentiation and migration but also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on NSCs. TRX, therefore, offers an interesting lead structure from the perspective of drug design especially to promote neu- rogenesis in neurological disorders i.e. Alzheimer's disease.}, language = {en} } @article{KrivcovJunkersMoebius2018, author = {Krivcov, Alexander and Junkers, Tanja and M{\"o}bius, Hildegard}, title = {Understanding electrostatic and magnetic forces in magnetic force microscopy: towards single superparamagnetic nanoparticle resolution}, series = {Journal of Physics Communications}, journal = {Journal of Physics Communications}, doi = {10.1088/2399-6528/aad3a4}, pages = {2 -- 13}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The detection of superparamagnetic nanoparticles by magnetic force microscopy (MFM) at the single particle level faces difficulties such as superposition of nonmagnetic signals caused by electrostatic interactions as well as reaching the resolution limits due to small magnetic interactions. In MFM the magnetic force is measured at a certain distance to the substrate following the topography measured in a first scan to avoid an influence of short range forces (lift mode). In this work we showed that performing MFM on superparamagnetic nanoparticles the increase of the tip-substrate distance above the nanoparticle in lift mode scans leads to a reduction of the electrostatic forces resulting in a positive phase shift in contrast to the negative phase shift of the attractive magnetic force. Identifying the electrostatic force in MFM on nanoparticles as a capacitive coupling effect between tip and substrate the origin of often seen topography mirroring in phase images of nanoparticles in general is theoretically explained and experimentally proved. Minimization of the capacitive coupling by adjusting the work function difference between tip and substrate as well as using an optimized tip allows the magnetic visualization of single 10 nm superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) at ambient conditions with and without an external magnetic field.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ToldoJungKuhnetal.2022, author = {Toldo, Mauro and Jung, Mario and Kuhn, Britta and Garcia, Sebastian Camarero and Neugebauer, Frederik and Russnak, Jan and Zimmermann, Lilli and Jost, Thomas and Fredebeul-Krein, Markus and Kehr, Henning and Wiedemer, Volker and Laske, Theresia and Schurk, Robert and Conrad, Christian A. and Piazolo, Marc}, title = {Wirtschaftspolitische Weichenstellung f{\"u}r die Zukunft}, volume = {2022}, editor = {Jung, Mario and Piazolo, Marc and Harms, Inka}, doi = {10.57997/opus4-66}, pages = {108 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Sammelband fasst in komprimierter Form die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse und Ergebnisse der Tagung zusammen und verbindet neben aktuellen wirtschaftspolitischen Themen auch volkswirtschaftliche Strukturanalysen.}, language = {de} }