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Increasing the lifetime profitability of battery energy storage systems through aging aware operation

  • Lithium-ion cells are subject to degradation due to a multitude of cell-internal aging effects, which can significantly influence the economics of battery energy storage systems (BESS). Since the rate of degradation depends on external stress factors such as the state-of-charge, charge/discharge-rate, and depth of cycle, it can be directly influenced through the operation strategy. In this contribution, we propose a model predictive control (MPC) framework for designing aging aware operation strategies. By simulating the entire BESS lifetime on a digital twin, different aging aware optimization models can be benchmarked and the optimal value for aging cost can be determined. In a case study, the application of generating profit through arbitrage trading on the EPEX SPOT intraday electricity market is investigated. For that, a linearized model for the calendar and cyclic capacity loss of a lithium iron phosphate cell is presented. The results show that using the MPC framework to determine the optimal aging cost can significantlyLithium-ion cells are subject to degradation due to a multitude of cell-internal aging effects, which can significantly influence the economics of battery energy storage systems (BESS). Since the rate of degradation depends on external stress factors such as the state-of-charge, charge/discharge-rate, and depth of cycle, it can be directly influenced through the operation strategy. In this contribution, we propose a model predictive control (MPC) framework for designing aging aware operation strategies. By simulating the entire BESS lifetime on a digital twin, different aging aware optimization models can be benchmarked and the optimal value for aging cost can be determined. In a case study, the application of generating profit through arbitrage trading on the EPEX SPOT intraday electricity market is investigated. For that, a linearized model for the calendar and cyclic capacity loss of a lithium iron phosphate cell is presented. The results show that using the MPC framework to determine the optimal aging cost can significantly increase the lifetime profitability of a BESS, compared to the prevalent approach of selecting aging cost based on the cost of the battery system. Furthermore, the lifetime profit from energy arbitrage can be increased by an additional 24.9% when using the linearized calendar degradation model and by 29.3% when using both the linearized calendar and cyclic degradation model, compared to an energy throughput based aging cost model. By examining price data from 2019 to 2022, the case study demonstrates that the recent increases in prices and price fluctuations on wholesale electricity markets have led to a substantial increase of the achievable lifetime profit.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author:Nils Collath, Martin Cornejo, Veronika Engwerth, Holger C. HesseORCiDGND, Andreas JossenORCiD
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121531
Identifier:0306-2619 OPAC HS OPAC extern
Parent Title (English):Applied Energy
Publisher:Elsevier
Place of publication:Amsterdam
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2023/07/18
Year of first Publication:2023
Volume:Volume 348
Issue:15 October 2023
Article Number:121531
Number of pages:14 Seiten
Institutes:Fakultät Maschinenbau
IEAT - Institut für Energie- und Antriebstechnik
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 62 Ingenieurwissenschaften
Open Access:open_access
Research focus:FSP1: Energie
Publication Lists:Hesse, Holger
Publication reviewed:begutachtet
Licence (German):Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Release Date:2023/07/21
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