TY - CONF A1 - Rupp, Andreas A1 - Spieß, Denis A1 - Plitzner, Michael A2 - Decker, Matthias A2 - Heim, Rüdiger A2 - Sonsino, Cetin M. T1 - Ringing conditions, durability life and sound quality of church bells T2 - VAL4 - Fourth International Conference on Material and Component Performance under Variable Amplitude Loading N2 - Bells are musical instruments exposed to severe loading and stress conditions during ringing. The impact of the clapper leads to local wear with material abrasion and high stresses with possible fatigue cracks. Such damages may only be identified based on tone shifts and increased damping, when they have already propagated to large dimensions. Consequently repair such as welding or even re-casting become necessary. Here procedures for the fatigue life evaluation of bells are presented based on investigations of at least more than 300 culturally and historically important bells in Europe. From those investigations the most important conclusion is, that each bell is unique in its structure and its setup for ringing and has to be evaluated individually. Thus recent research aimed on a very early crack detection. Then changes of the sound are still very small, so that the musical quality of the bell may not be impaired. Then still measures can be taken to stop the crack propagation at this early stage without severe repair and the bell continues to ring. Recent research concentrates on the design of the sound of the bell based on the parameters by which the bell setup is defined and the stress conditions are determined. KEYWORDS BELL, RINGING, SOUND, FATIGUE CRACK, WEAR, LOADING, SIMULATION, MEASUREMENT, MONITORING KW - Glocke KW - Materialprüfung Y1 - 2020 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-hs-kempten/frontdoor/index/index/docId/230 SN - 978-3-9820591-0-5 VL - 2020 SP - 707 EP - 716 PB - Deutscher Verband für Materialforschung und -prüfung e.V. CY - Berlin ER -