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The PSFC, or Pioneer Sound Field Controller, is a DSP-driven hemispherical loudspeaker array, installed at the University of Aizu Multimedia Center. The PSFC features realtime manipulation of the primary components of sound spatialization for each of two audio sources located in a virtual environment, including the content (apparent direction and distance) and context (room characteristics: reverberation level, room size and liveness). In an alternate mode, it can also direct the destination of the two separate input signals across 14 loudspeakers, manipulating the direction of the virtual sound sources with no control over apparent distance other than that afforded by source loudness (including no simulated environmental reflections or reverberation). The PSFC speaker dome is about 10 m in diameter, accommodating about fifty simultaneous users, including about twenty users comfortably standing or sitting near its ``sweet spot,'' the area in which the illusions of sound spatialization are most vivid. Collocated with a large screen rear-projection stereographic display, the PSFC is intended for advanced multimedia and virtual reality applications.
This dissertation, written for the course Master of European Social Policy Analysis – National University of Ireland Maynooth - , shows the context or so-called framework within which the medical social work service in two different welfare states: Ireland and Germany operates. This means the societal context as a whole, the health system in general (macro-level) and the hospital setting (mezzo-level) in particular. The idea of this publication is to give a short overview of the historic development of medical social work (micro-level) in Ireland and Germany and some background information about what medical social work is. The time frame examined starts from the 1980s up to present. The main questions to be answered are: What are the interdependencies between the macro-, mezzo- and micro-level? Have changes in the health system in general and the hospitals in particular influenced medical social work and if so how? What are the similarities and differences in the two countries?