004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
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Newsletter 1/2011
(2011)
Increasing global awareness of the benefits of electromobility has brought about the need for new concepts in terms of the acoustic design of future vehicle generations. This includes both the creative design process and the development of suitable methods for the evaluation of target sounds by trial participants. The main difference between e-car sound surveys and those carried out on familiar sound categories is the potential consumer’s lack of experience with electric vehicles. Thus the consumer has no, or very unspecific, expectations in this regard. Several studies have consequently shown that many subjects have to construct their personal frame of reference for evaluation within the listening experiment. However, this is possibly at odds with experience-based expectations relating to the sounds of conventional combustion engines. The result is a conflict of objectives between the traditional and the modern, familiarity and strangeness and not least between driving freedom and ecological awareness. In this context, the authenticity of the sound and the subjective interpretability of the sound information also appear as moderator variables. Moreover, associations with other vehicle categories, for example streetcars, also influence the perceived sound quality. In the course of this contribution, these factors will be expounded and their influence on the evaluation of interior noise discussed.
Design of domestic soundscapes - Evaluation of household appliances in laboratory and reality
(2011)
Psychologische Einflussfaktoren bei der Beurteilung des Innengeräusches von Elektrofahrzeugen
(2011)
Designing core ontologies
(2011)
Despite its impressive complexity the cytoskeleton succeeds to persistently organize itself and thus the cells' interior. In contrast to classical man-made machines, much of the cellular organization originates from inherent self-assembly and self-organization allowing a high degree of autonomy for various functional units. Recent experimental and theoretical studies revealed numerous examples of cytoskeleton components that arrange and organize in a self-regulative way. In the present review we want to shortly summarize some of the principle mechanisms that are able to inherently trigger and regulate the cytoskeleton organization. Although taken individually most of these regulative principles are rather simple with intuitively predictable consequences, combinations of two or more of these mechanisms can quickly give rise to very complex, unexpected behavior and might even be able to explain the formation of different functional units out of a common pool of available building blocks.
Cell migration is associated with the dynamic protrusion of a thin actin-based cytoskeletal extension at the cell front, which has been shown to consist of two different substructures, the leading lamellipodium and the subsequent lamellum. While the formation of the lamellipodium is increasingly well understood, organizational principles underlying the emergence of the lamellum are just beginning to be unraveled. We report here on a 1D mathematical model which describes the reaction-diffusion processes of a polarized actin network in steady state, and reproduces essential characteristics of the lamellipodium-lamellum system. We observe a steep gradient in filament lengths at the protruding edge, a local depolymerization maximum a few microns behind the edge, as well as a differential dominance of the network destabilizer ADF/cofilin and the stabilizer tropomyosin. We identify simple and robust organizational principles giving rise to the derived network characteristics, uncoupled from the specifics of any molecular implementation, and thus plausibly valid across cell types. An analysis of network length dependence on physico-chemical system parameters implies that to limit array treadmilling to cellular dimensions, network growth has to be truncated by mechanisms other than aging-induced depolymerization, e.g., by myosin-associated network dissociation at the transition to the cell body. Our work contributes to the analytical understanding of the cytoskeletal extension's bisection into lamellipodium and lamellum and sheds light on how cells organize their molecular machinery to achieve motility.
The Soundtrack Of Your Life
(2012)
Dieser Jahresbericht der Campus IT der Fachhochschule Düsseldorf ist ein Beleg für das weitere quantitative und qualitative Wachstum dieser Einrichtung. Eine moderne IT ist essentiell für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Hochschulen. Die Campus IT hat im Jahr 2012 gezeigt, dass sie diesen Auftrag verstanden hat und mit Drittmitteleinnahmen dafür gesorgt hat, das Bild der modernen IT Realität werden zu lassen. Diesem Ziel verschreiben wir uns weiterhin, so dass die Hochschule auch in Zukunft auf eine moderne Campus IT setzen kann.
Test environments in sound quality research often significantly differ from human’s everyday world. Hence the claim for ecological validity of such experiments is reasonable, but too vague in its bare formulation. The estimation of ecological validity requires theoretical knowledge about the meaning and the totality of factors influencing everyday listening and their interaction. Therefore the influence of “reality factors” on the sound evaluation of household appliances was investigated within the framework of nine experiments. These tests were performed in four different settings with varied reality degrees. The psychological realism and the perceived face validity of the tests were examined by means of interviews. The results reveal, on the one hand, that stimuli are perceived as more pleasant in everyday-like environments. The analysis of the relative judgments shows, on the other hand, that the influence of the experimental realism is moderated by a number of factors. These are the saliency and meaning of the sounds, differences between the assessed devices, and personality traits. The correlation and regression analysis confirms that the perceived sound character is widely independent from experimental realism. However, there is great empirical evidence, that valid assessments of sound quality require the reconstruction of everyday attention and action processes.