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Wear it or fear it: exploration of drivers & barriers in smartwatch acceptance by senior citizens
(2018)
In this paper we propose an integrated immersive augmented reality solution for a software tool supporting spacecraft design and verification. The spacecraft design process relies on expertise in many domains, such as thermal and structural engineering. The various subsystems of a spacecraft are highly interdependent and have differing requirements and constraints. In this context, interactive visualizations play an important role in making expert knowledge accessible. Recent immersive display technologies offer new ways of presenting and interacting with computer-generated content. Possibilities and challenges for spacecraft configuration employing these technologies are explored and discussed. A user interface design for an application using the Microsoft HoloLens is proposed. To this end, techniques for selecting a spacecraft component and manipulating its position and orientation in 3D space are developed and evaluated. Thus, advantages and limitations of this approach to spacecraft configuration are revealed and discussed.
Asset management for distribution networks with high penetration of distributed energy resources
(2018)
Preface
(2018)
Merkmale von Innovationen
(2018)
Augmented reality for supporting manual non-destructive ultrasonic testing of metal pipes and plates
(2018)
We describe an application of augmented reality technology for non-destructive testing of products in the metal-industry. The prototype is created with hard- and software, that is usually employed in the gaming industry, and delivers positions for creating ultra- sonic material scans (C-scans). Using a stereo camera in combination with an hmd enables realtime visualisation of the probes path, as well as the setting of virtual markers on the specimen. As a part of the implementation the downhill simplex optimization algorithm is implemented to fit the specimen to a cloud of recorded surface points. The accuracy is statistically tested and evaluated with the result, that the tracking system is accurate up to ca. 1-2 millimeters in well set-up conditions. This paper is of interest not only for research institutes of the metal-industry, but also for any areas of work, in which the enhancement with augmented reality is possible and a precise tracking is necessary.
Classification of Beyond-Reality Interaction Techniques in Spatial Human-Computer Interaction
(2018)
This paper describes the modeling, optimization, mechanical design, and experimental characterization of a high power density wound field synchronous machine (WFSM) for electric vehicle traction applications. The WFSM is designed for brushless rotor field excitation using an axial flux hydrodynamic capacitive power coupler (CPC). The flexible design environment, which was used for large-scale multiobjective optimization of the WFSM, is described. A prototype WFSM, spray cooled with automatic transmission fluid, with an 80-kW output at a base speed of 4000 r/min has been tested. The prototyped WFSM achieves volumetric torque and power densities of 17.22 N·m/L and 7.19 kW/L referred to the envelope cylindrical volume of the active materials plus spray cooling rings. The specific torque and power densities are 4.69 N·m/kg and 1.95 kW/kg referred to the mass of the active materials and the shaft. The prototyped CPC provided up to 1-kW excitation power with a mass 600 g and volume of 0.271 L.
In combination with a bottoming cycle, operated with a pure fluid in transcritical mode, the usage of a zeotropic mixture as a working fluid appears to be exergetically favorable for power cycle efficiency in cascaded two-stage organic Rankine cycles (CORC). A CORC is set up and initially tested with cyclopentane and propane as working fluids in its high temperature and low temperature cycle, respectively. A thermal oil cycle serves as the heat source and is powered electrically with a maximum heat flow of 158 kW. The design of this experimental setup allows for a rapid replacement of individual components and for a wide range of conditions in terms of fluids and thermodynamic states. The components of all cycles and the measurement and control technology are described in detail. A testing procedure is presented, followed by a discussion of the measurement results, where it is shown that the intended concept of two cascaded organic Rankine cycles is operational and that the measured data are consistent.
Multi-level hp-finite cell method for embedded interface problems with application in biomechanics
(2018)
This work presents a numerical discretization technique for solving 3-dimensional material interface problems involving complex geometry without conforming mesh generation. The finite cell method (FCM), which is a high-order fictitious domain approach, is used for the numerical approximation of the solution without a boundary-conforming mesh. Weak discontinuities at material interfaces are resolved by using separate FCM meshes for each material sub-domain and weakly enforcing the interface conditions between the different meshes. Additionally, a recently developed hierarchical hp-refinement scheme is used to locally refine the FCM meshes to resolve singularities and local solution features at the interfaces. Thereby, higher convergence rates are achievable for nonsmooth problems. A series of numerical experiments with 2- and 3-dimensional benchmark problems is presented, showing that the proposed hp-refinement scheme in conjunction with the weak enforcement of the interface conditions leads to a significant improvement of the convergence rates, even in the presence of singularities. Finally, the proposed technique is applied to simulate a vertebra-implant model. The application showcases the method's potential as an accurate simulation tool for biomechanical problems involving complex geometry, and it demonstrates its flexibility in dealing with different types of geometric description.
The ability to understand and predict the pressure losses of orifices is important in order to improve the air flow within the secondary air system. This experimental study investigates the behavior of the discharge coefficient for circular orifices with inlet cross flow which is a common flow case in gas turbines. Examples of this are at the inlet of a film cooling hole or the feeding of air to a blade through an orifice in a rotor disk. Measurements were conducted for a total number of 38 orifices, covering a wide range of length-to-diameter ratios, including short and long orifices with varying inlet geometries. Up to five different chamfer-to-diameter and radius-to-diameter ratios were tested per orifice length. Furthermore, the static pressure ratio across the orifice was varied between 1.05 and 1.6 for all examined orifices. The results of this comprehensive investigation demonstrate the beneficial influence of rounded inlet geometries and the ability to decrease pressure losses, which is especially true for higher cross flow ratios where the reduction of the pressure loss in comparison to sharp-edged holes can be as high as 54%. With some exceptions, the chamfered orifices show a similar behavior as the rounded ones but with generally lower discharge coefficients. Nevertheless, a chamfered inlet yields lower pressure losses than a sharp-edged inlet. The obtained experimental data were used to develop two correlations for the discharge coefficient as a function of geometrical as well as flow properties.
In energieeffizienten Gebäuden spielt der Bedarf an Energie für die Raumheizung gegenüber der benötigten Energie für Warmwasser und zum Antrieb elektrischer Geräte eine zusehends untergeordnete Rolle. Die thermische Energie für elektrische Haushaltsgeräte, wie Waschmaschine, Kühlschrank etc., wird für gewöhnlich dezentral im Gerät erzeugt. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist das Ziel eines Forschungsprojekts der Bau und der Test eines Funktionsmusters zur funktionalen und energetischen Kopplung der Haushaltsgeräte und der Heizungs- und Lüftungstechnik des Gebäudes. Grundgedanke dabei ist die Nutzung von Synergien bei Komponenten und Wärmeströmen, wie der Wärmepumpe als Kälteaggregat für den Kühlschrank, und die effiziente Nutzung von Abwärme der Haushaltsgeräte für die Warmwasserbereitung und Raumheizung.
Editorial: 100 Jahre Stinnes-Legien-Abkommen – Ursprung auch der bundesdeutschen Tarifautonomie
(2018)
Situational influences on music selection behavior in daily life: An experience sampling study
(2018)
In diesem Interview mit Prof. Dr. Michael Marmann von der Hochschule Düsseldorf geht es um Digitalkompetenz und agile Lehre. Darüber hinaus erklärt uns Prof. Dr. Marmann was es mit UnSeminaren auf sich hat. Als Informatiker ist er für die Lehr- und Forschungsgebiete E-Learning, Multimedia und Datenbanksysteme verantwortlich. Seine Hauptforschungsinteressen liegen in den Bereichen E-Learning-Strategien, Optimierung von E-Learning-Entwicklungsprozessen, E-Assessment-Systeme und Digitale Transformation. Das Interview fand im Rahmen der HFD Winter School 2017 in Berlin statt.
Interview ist online verfügbar. Siehe related URL.
Medien, Design und Demenz
(2018)
Bürgerbewegung PRO NRW
(2018)
Morrison, Jim
(2018)
Vedder, Eddie
(2018)
Ferré, Léo
(2018)
Gainsbourg, Serge
(2018)
Aznavour, Charles
(2018)
Brel, Jacques
(2018)
In a previous work we have demonstrated a novel numerical model for the point spread function (PSF) of an optical system that can efficiently model both experimental measurements and lens design simulations of the PSF. The novelty lies in the portability and the parameterization of this model, which allows for completely new ways to validate optical systems, which is especially interesting for mass production optics like in the automotive industry, but also for ophtalmology. The numerical basis for this model is a non-linear regression of the PSF with an artificial neural network (ANN). In this work we examine two important aspects of this model: the spatial resolution and the accuracy of the model. Measurement and simulation of a PSF can have a much higher resolution then the typical pixel size used in current camera sensors, especially those for the automotive industry. We discuss the influence this has on on the topology of the ANN and the final application where the modeled PSF is actually used. Another important influence on the accuracy of the trained ANN is the error metric which is used during training. The PSF is a distinctly non-linear function, which varies strongly over field and defocus, but nonetheless exhibits strong symmetries and spatial relations. Therefore we examine different distance and similarity measures and discuss its influence on the modeling performance of the ANN.
A method of determining the distance of an object from an automated vehicle based on images taken by a monocular image acquiring device. The object is recognized with an object-class by means of an image processing system. Respective position data are determined from the images using a pinhole camera model based on the object-class. Position data indicating in world coordinates the position of a reference point of the object with respect to the plane of the road is used with a scaling factor of the pinhole camera model estimated by means of a Bayes estimator using the position data as observations and under the assumption that the reference point of the object is located on the plane of the road with a predefined probability. The distance of the object from the automated vehicle is calculated from the estimated scaling factor using the pinhole camera model.
Alles ist lean, vernetzt und agil! Was bedeutet das für technische Redaktionsprozesse? Wie lassen sich z.B. Autorenprozesse für interaktive Lernmedien schlanker gestalten? Welche Formate und Werkzeuge sind interessant, um technische Produkte und Dienstleistungen auf einfache und attraktive Weise zu erklären, ohne dabei den Ressourcenrahmen zu sprengen? Und ist nicht auch die digitale Wissensvernetzung, die mehr und mehr zu einem entscheidenden Wettbewerbsfaktor für Unternehmen jeglicher Größe und Branche wird, ein spannendes Betätigungsfeld für technische Redakteure? In der Keynote werden diese Fragestellungen aus einer E-Learning- und Wissensmanagementperspektive thematisiert und durch aktuelle Praxisbeispiele illustriert.
Die Digitalisierung kommt – auch in der Hochschullehre. Daran besteht kein Zweifel. Die Frage ist nur: Wann, wo und wie die deutsche Hochschullandschaft dem unaufhaltsamen Trend begegnen wird, um sowohl im nationalen wie auch internationalen Vergleich attraktiv und wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben. Eine Mammutaufgabe, zu deren erfolgreicher Bewältigung viele verschiedene „Stellschrauben“ gedreht werden müssen. Welche das sind, wer sie betätigen muss und wohin die Reise letztendlich führen kann – darauf sucht der 1. HIGHER EDUCATION Summit 2018 kreative, kontroverse und visionäre Antworten.
Veranstaltet vom neuen FORUM Higher Education, bringt der programmatisch hochwertige und intensive Tageskongress führende Denker, Entscheider und Anwender digitaler Lern- und Lehrlösungen für den Hochschulbetrieb aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum zusammen.
Agile Lernsettings zur Entwicklung der digital literacy – Perspektiven für die Hochschullehre
(2018)
Die Buzzwords Agilität und Digitalisierung sind in aller Munde. Durch den damit verbundenen digitalen Wandel benötigt der Arbeitsmarkt Personal mit hoher Digitalkompetenz, und zwar über alle Branchen und Berufsprofile hinweg. Doch wie lässt sich das erreichen? Welchen Part können und sollten Hochschulen in der Entwicklung der digital literacy übernehmen? Anhand konkreter Beispiele aus der Lehrpraxis zeigt der Vortrag auf, wie agile Konzepte und digitale Medien in neuen Lernsettings zusammenwirken können, um die Studierenden besser auf eine zunehmend digitalisierte Lebens- und Arbeitswelt vorzubereiten.
Videomitschnitt der Vorlesung ist verfügbar. Siehe related URL.
Das Buzzword Agilität ist in aller Munde. Agile Methoden und Werkzeuge werden vor allem in der Softwareentwicklung eingesetzt. Agilität steht dort vor allem für mehr Flexibilität und Kundenorientierung. Mehr und mehr setzen sich agile Prinzipien aber auch als generelles Managementkonzept jenseits der Softwareentwicklung durch. Gerade junge Unternehmen und Startups der Digitalbranche mit Ihren oftmals flachen Hierarchien machen sich agile Werte wie Selbstorganisation, Transparenz, Commitment, Kommunikation auf Augenhöhe und kontinuierliches Feedback zu eigen.
Wir haben uns gefragt, ob sich agile Werte, Prinzipien und Methoden nicht auch auf die Hochschullehre übertragen lassen. Führt z.B. der Einsatz agiler Projekttools wie Slack oder Trello zu einer Bereicherung klassischer Lehrformate? Welche Auswirkungen haben sie möglicherweise auf Lernintensität und Lehreffizienz? Lässt sich mit "agileren" Lehrformaten auch ein Beitrag zur Entwicklung der digital literacy von Studierenden erzielen, um sie auf diesem Weg besser auf eine zunehmend digitalisierte Lebens- und Arbeitswelt vorzubereiten?
In mehreren Lehrveranstaltungen jüngerer Vergangenheit sind wir diesen Fragen nachgegangen und berichten in diesem Beitrag über unsere Erfahrungen.
Undergraduate students in engineering often have little exposure to the world of scientific publishing and the culture of sharing research work. While the beneficial exchange between research and teaching is well promoted, while the benefits of conference participation for students have already been surveyed and while courses on scientific writing are readily available, the concept of mini-conferences as part of the curriculum combines all three aspects into one. Therefore, the course "Engineering Conferences" was developed and installed as a mandatory part of a master program for engineering students. The idea is to go beyond simply teaching the standards of academic writing and skills for using scientific publications. By using a learner-centered approach, the students are engaged in typical activities around an active attendance of a real conference. Based on their bachelor thesis, they write a paper complying with common academic standards, submit the paper and review submissions of their fellow students. They also produce a poster and defend their work in a poster session held publicly on campus. This contribution is based on the experience from the first four terms teaching the course. It explains the didactic rationale behind the concept and individual teaching modules, it comprises the collection of useful resources for teaching and organizing scientific publishing and it includes the consequences drawn from course evaluation results.