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Die volumetrische Erfassung von Aushüben auf Baustellen ist ein kostenrelevanter Faktor und wird auch heute im täglichen Baustellenbetrieb oft noch in manueller Detailarbeit durchgeführt. Kostengünstige Sensoren zur Tiefenerfassung ermöglichen die halbautomatische Erfassung von Baugruben. Augmented Reality (AR) kann für diesen Prozess das nötige Feedback liefern. Vorgestellt wird ein Prototyp, bestehend aus einem Tablet mit integrierter Kamera und einem Lidar-Scanner. Es wird die Erfassung des Volumens bezüglich Nutzbarkeit und Genauigkeit mit Einsatz von AR getestet und evaluiert. Zur Bestimmung des Volumens wird unter Verwendung von Strahlen mit Unterstützung einer Grafik-Engine ein Algorithmus entwickelt. Der Algorithmus ist robust gegen nicht vollständig geschlossene Volumen. Die Bedienung, Überprüfung und Visualisierung findet durch praktischen Einsatz von AR statt.
The “Journal of Virtual Reality and Broadcasting” is an open access E-journal covering advanced media technology for the integration of human computer interaction and modern information systems. The main focus is on the creation of synergies between such basic technologies as computer graphics and state-of-the-art broadcasting techniques.
The main goals are to publish research results in the field of Virtual Reality and Broadcasting, to provoke discussions, and to promote the exchange of ideas and information. Developments in the area have a direct effect on society, therefore social aspects will also be considered. As an interdisciplinary field Virtual Reality requires multilateral collaboration in order to enable new applications.
RB publishes articles consecutively and in electronic form only. All articles are peer-reviewed in a strict review process by at least three independent experts from the appropriate field of research and appear in the English language. The articles are organized in one volume per year with ten to twenty articles. Material that has been previously presented at conferences undergo a major revision and are extended and modified by the authors with at least 20% new material according to the Journal's policy for previously published articles. The Journal has been established in 2004.
Currently, the submission and publication of articles is free of charge. No author fees are applied.
We report about several experiments on applying mixed reality technology in the context of accessing collective memories from atomic bombs, Holocaust and Second World War. We discuss the impact of Virtual Reality, Augmented Virtuality and Augmented Reality for specific memorial locations. We show how to use a virtual studio for demonstrating an augmented reality application for a specific location in a remote session within a video conference. Augmented Virtuality is used to recreate the local environment, thus providing a context and helping the participants recollect emotions related to a certain place. This technique demonstrates the advantages of using virtual (VR) and augmented (AR) reality environments for rapid prototyping and pitching project ideas in a live remote setting.
This article describes the possibilities and problems that occur using the SteamVR tracking 2.0 system as a camera tracking system in a virtual studio and explains an approach for implementation and calibration within a professional studio environment. The tracking system allows for cost effective deployment. Relevant application fields are also mixed reality recording and streaming of AR and VR experiences.
Live video streaming is becoming increasingly popular as a form of interaction in social applications. One of its main advantages is an ability to immediately create and connect a community of remote users on the spot. In this paper we discuss how this feature can be used for crowdsourced completion of simple visual search tasks (such as finding specific objects in libraries and stores, or navigating around live events) and social interactions through mobile mixed reality telepresence interfaces. We present a prototype application that allows users to create a mixed reality space with a photospherical imagery as a background and interact with other connected users through viewpoint, audio, and video sharing, as well as realtime annotations in mixed reality space. Believing in the novelty of our system, we conducted a short series of interviews with industry professionals on the possible applications of our system. We discuss proposed use-cases for user evaluation, as well as outline future extensions of our system.
Der fünfzehnte Workshop "Virtuelle und Erweiterte Realität" der Fachgruppe VR/AR der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. wurde an der Hochschule Düsseldorf vom 10.-11.10.2018 durchgeführt. Als etablierte Plattform für den Informations- und Ideenaustausch der deutschsprachigen VR/AR-Szene bot der Workshop den idealen Rahmen, aktuelle Ergebnisse und Vorhaben aus Forschung und Entwicklung – auch provokative Ideen – im Kreise eines fachkundigen Publikums zur Diskussion zu stellen. Insbesondere wurde auch jungen Nachwuchswissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit gegeben, ihre Arbeiten zu präsentieren; darunter fielen laufende Promotionsvorhaben oder auch herausragende studentische Arbeiten von Hochschulen und Forschungseinrichtungen. Das Programmkomitee hat 12 Lang- und 6 Kurzbeiträge aus über 29 Gesamteinreichungen ausgewählt. Die Beiträge decken das Spektrum der Virtuellen und Erweiterten Realität ab. Der Workshop fand am 10. Oktober gleichzeitig mit dem Innovationstag des Innovationshubs in Düsseldorf statt. Für einen Beitrag eigneten sich alle Themenfelder der "Virtuellen und Erweiterten Realität", insbesondere:
3D Eingabegeräte und Interaktionstechniken
Avatare und Agenten
Displaytechnologien und Tracking
(Echtzeit-)Rendering
Education und Edutainment
Entertainment und Experiences
Gesellschaft und soziotechnische Aspekte
Human Factors
Industrielle Einsatzszenarien
Innovative Anwendungen
Künstlerische Anwendungen
Modellierung und Simulation
Multimodale Interaktion
Systemarchitekturen und Intelligente Umgebungen
Verteilte und kooperative VR/AR-Umgebungen
Augmented reality for supporting manual non-destructive ultrasonic testing of metal pipes and plates
(2018)
We describe an application of augmented reality technology for non-destructive testing of products in the metal-industry. The prototype is created with hard- and software, that is usually employed in the gaming industry, and delivers positions for creating ultra- sonic material scans (C-scans). Using a stereo camera in combination with an hmd enables realtime visualisation of the probes path, as well as the setting of virtual markers on the specimen. As a part of the implementation the downhill simplex optimization algorithm is implemented to fit the specimen to a cloud of recorded surface points. The accuracy is statistically tested and evaluated with the result, that the tracking system is accurate up to ca. 1-2 millimeters in well set-up conditions. This paper is of interest not only for research institutes of the metal-industry, but also for any areas of work, in which the enhancement with augmented reality is possible and a precise tracking is necessary.
In this paper we propose an integrated immersive augmented reality solution for a software tool supporting spacecraft design and verification. The spacecraft design process relies on expertise in many domains, such as thermal and structural engineering. The various subsystems of a spacecraft are highly interdependent and have differing requirements and constraints. In this context, interactive visualizations play an important role in making expert knowledge accessible. Recent immersive display technologies offer new ways of presenting and interacting with computer-generated content. Possibilities and challenges for spacecraft configuration employing these technologies are explored and discussed. A user interface design for an application using the Microsoft HoloLens is proposed. To this end, techniques for selecting a spacecraft component and manipulating its position and orientation in 3D space are developed and evaluated. Thus, advantages and limitations of this approach to spacecraft configuration are revealed and discussed.
Mixed reality telepresence is becoming an increasingly popular form of interaction in social and collaborative applications. We are interested in how created virtual spaces can be archived, mapped, shared, and reused among different applications. Therefore, we propose a decentralized blockchain-based peer-to-peer model of distribution, with virtual spaces represented as blocks. We demonstrate the integration of our system in a collaborative mixed reality application and discuss the benefits and limitations of our approach.
Classification of Beyond-Reality Interaction Techniques in Spatial Human-Computer Interaction
(2018)
Cliffhanger-VR
(2018)
Acquiring human motion data from video images plays an important role in the field of computer vision. Ground truth tracking systems require markers to create high quality motion data. But in many applications it is desired to work without markers. In recent years affordable hardware for markerless tracking systems was made available at a consumer level. Efficient depth camera systems based on Time-of-Flight sensors and structured light systems have made it possible to record motion data in real time. However, the gap between the quality of marker-based and markerless systems is high. The error sources of a markerless motion tracking pipeline are discussed and a model-based filter is proposed, which adapts depending on spatial location. The proposed method is then proven to be more robust and accurate than the unfiltered data stream and can be used to visually enhance the presence of an actor within a virtual environment in live broadcast productions.
The article discusses the question of “How to convey the experience in a virtual environment to third parties?” and explains the different technical implementations which can be used for live streaming and recording of a mixed reality experience. The real-world applications of our approach include education, entertainment, e- sports, tutorials, and cinematic trailers, which can benefit from our research by finding a suitable solution for their needs. We explain and outline our Mixed Reality systems as well as discuss the experience of recorded demonstrations of different VR applications, including the need for calibrated camera lens parameters based on realtime encoder values.
Mobile live video streaming is becoming an increasingly popular form of interaction both in social media and remote collaboration scenarios. However, in most cases the streamed video does not take mobile devices' spatial data into account (e.g., the viewers do not know the spatial orientation of a streamer), or use such data only in specific scenarios (e.g., to navigate around a spherical video stream).
More than three decades of ongoing research in immersive modelling has revealed many advantages of creating objects in virtual environments. Even though there are many benefits, the potential of immersive modelling has only been partly exploited due to unresolved problems such as ergonomic problems, numerous challenges with user interaction and the inability to perform exact, fast and progressive refinements. This paper explores past research, shows alternative approaches and proposes novel interaction tools for pending problems. An immersive modelling application for polygon meshes is created from scratch and tested by professional users of desktop modelling tools, such as Autodesk Maya, in order to assess the efficiency, comfort and speed of the proposed application with direct comparison to professional desktop modelling tools.
Live-Video-Broadcasting mit mehreren Kameras erfordert eine Vielzahl von Fachkenntnissen. Robotersysteme ermöglichen zwar die Automatisierung von gängigen und wiederholten Tracking-Aufnahmen, diese erlauben jedoch keine kurzfristigen Anpassungen aufgrund von unvorhersehbaren Ereignissen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein modulares, automatisiertes Kamerasteuerungs- und Bildschnitt-System eingeführt, das auf grundlegenden kinematografischen Regeln basiert. Die Positionen der Akteure werden durch ein markerloses Tracking-System bereitgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden Tonpegel der Lavaliermikrofone der Akteure zur Analyse der aktuellen Szene verwendet. Ein Expertensystem ermittelt geeignete Kamerawinkel und entscheidet, wann von einer Kamera auf eine andere umgeschaltet werden soll. Eine Testproduktion wurde durchgeführt, um den entwickelten Prototyp in einem Live-Broadcast-Szenario zu beobachten und diente als Videodemonstration für eine Evaluierung.
Live video broadcasting requires a multitude of professional expertise to enable multi-camera productions. Robotic systems allow the automation of common and repeated tracking shots. However, predefined camera shots do not allow quick adjustments when required due to unpredictable events. We introduce a modular automated robotic camera control and video switch system, based on fundamental cinematographic rules. The actors' positions are provided by a markerless tracking system. In addition, sound levels of actors' lavalier microphones are used to analyse the current scene. An expert system determines appropriate camera angles and decides when to switch from one camera to another. A test production was conducted to observe the developed prototype in a live broadcast scenario and served as a video-demonstration for an evaluation.
In order to improve the interactivity between users and computers, recent technologies focus on incorporating gesture recognition into interactive systems. The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of using a Myo control armband and the Kinect 2 for recognition of gestures in order to interact with virtual objects in a weather report scenario. The Myo armband has an inertial measurement unit and is able to read electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles, which can be recognized as gestures, which are trained by machine learning. A Kinect sensor was used to build up a dataset which contains motion recordings of 8 different gestures and was also build up by a gesture training machine learning algorithm. Both input methods, the Kinect 2 and the Myo armband, were evaluated with the same interaction patterns in a user study, which allows a direct comparison and reveals benefits and limits of each technique.
The interpretation process of complex data sets makes the integration of effective interaction techniques crucial. Recent work in the field of human-computer interaction has shown that there is strong evidence that multimodal user interaction, i.e. the integration of various input modalities and interaction techniques into one comprehensive user interface, can improve human performance when interacting with complex data sets. However, it is still unclear which factors make these user interfaces superior to unimodal user interfaces. The contribution of this work is an analytical comparison of a multimodal and a unimodal user interface for a scientific visualization application. We show that multimodal user interaction with simultaneously integrated speech and gesture input improves user performance regarding efficiency and ease of use.
Probing the Potential of Multimedia Artefacts to Support Communication of People with Dementia
(2015)
Markerless talent tracking is widely used for interactions and animations within virtual environments. In a virtual (tv) studio talents could be overburden by interaction tasks because camera and text require extensive attention. We take a look into animations and inter- actions within a studio, which do not require any special attention or learning. We show the generation of an artificial shadow from a talent, which ease the keying process, where separation of real shadows from the background is a difficult task. We also demonstrate animations of footsteps and dust. Furthermore, capturing talents’ height can also be used to adjust the parameters of elements in the virtual environment, like the position and scaling of a virtual display. In addition to the talents, a rigid body was tracked as placeholder for graphics, easing the interaction tasks for a talent. Two test productions show the possibilities, which subtle animations offer. In the second production, the rendering was improved (shadows, filtering, normal maps, ...) and instead of using the rigid body to move an object (a flag), the animation was only controlled by the hand’s position.
A visual and spatial feedback system for orientation in virtual sets of virtual TV studios was developed and evaluated. It is based on a green proxy object, which moves around in the acting space by way of four transparent wires. A separate unit controls four winches and is connected to an engine, which renders the virtual set. A new developed plugin registers a virtual object’s position with the proxy object which imitates the virtual object’s movement on stage. This will allow actors to establish important eye contact with a virtual object and feel more comfortable in a virtual set. Furthermore, interaction with the virtual object and its proxy can be realised through a markerless actor tracking system. Several possible scenarios for user application were recorded and presented to experts in the broadcast industry, who evaluated the potential of SpiderFeedback in interviews and by questionnaires.