The conversion of ethanol over 3d-metal saponite-like smectites

  • The replacement of fossil fuel processes with renewable pathways is critical to circumvent climate change and environmental risks. A process of interest is the production of 1,3-butadiene (BD), which is primarily derived as a by-product of naphtha steam cracking. A sustainable alternative path involves converting renewable ethanol to BD via the Lebedev process, which requires a catalyst with balanced redox, acidic, and basic sites. Due to the necessity of a multifunctional catalyst, existing materials for this reaction are either comprised of catalyst mixtures or supported catalysts. In this study, we introduce a bulk material, saponite, containing M–O–Si sites, which combine required catalytic sites for the ethanol to BD (ETB) reaction in one material. The product composition in ethanol conversion were strongly dependent on the type of 3d-metal used, while no conclusive correlation between surface properties, conversion, and product composition was observed. Herein, using V-Sap*, weThe replacement of fossil fuel processes with renewable pathways is critical to circumvent climate change and environmental risks. A process of interest is the production of 1,3-butadiene (BD), which is primarily derived as a by-product of naphtha steam cracking. A sustainable alternative path involves converting renewable ethanol to BD via the Lebedev process, which requires a catalyst with balanced redox, acidic, and basic sites. Due to the necessity of a multifunctional catalyst, existing materials for this reaction are either comprised of catalyst mixtures or supported catalysts. In this study, we introduce a bulk material, saponite, containing M–O–Si sites, which combine required catalytic sites for the ethanol to BD (ETB) reaction in one material. The product composition in ethanol conversion were strongly dependent on the type of 3d-metal used, while no conclusive correlation between surface properties, conversion, and product composition was observed. Herein, using V-Sap*, we achieved an ethene productivity of 448 gethene kgcat−1 h−1 (74%) at 573.15 K. High acetaldehyde productivity was maintained with Cu-Sap* (466 gAcA kgcat−1 h−1, 49%) at 573.15 K and Zn-Sap (528 gAcA kgcat−1 h−1, 55%) at 723.15 K. Mg-Sap primarily produced ethene but also yielded 10 gBD kgcat−1 h−1 BD at 723.15 K. Higher BD outputs were observed with Ni-Sap (31 gBD kgcat−1 h−1 at 523.15 K) and Mn-Sap* (51 gBD kgcat−1 h−1 at 723.15 K). This underscores the potential of saponite-based materials for flexible product outputs in ethanol conversion, influenced by the choice of integrated 3d-metal.show moreshow less

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Author:Marc GreuelORCiD, Clara Maria Watermann, Heiko Lohmann, Stefan KaluzaORCiD, Ulf-Peter ApfelORCiD, Barbara Zeidler-Fandrich
Qualitätssicherung:peer reviewed
open access:Gold - Erstveröffentlichung mit Lizenzhinweis
Research fields:Materialien / Materialien - Allgemein
Fachbereich/Einrichtung:Hochschule Düsseldorf / Fachbereich - Maschinenbau und Verfahrenstechnik
Document Type:Article
Year of Completion:2025
Language of Publication:English
Publisher:Royal Society of Chemistry
Parent Title (English):Materials Advances
Issue:6
Page Number:14
First Page:2885
Last Page:2898
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-52973
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ma01036a
ISSN:2633-5409
GND Keyword:Butadien; Katalyse; Material
Information on the Research Data:All data supporting the findings can be found in the article and ESI,† or is available from the authors upon request.
Licence (German):Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Release Date:2025/05/21
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