TY - CHAP A1 - von Berg, Markus A1 - Prinz, Lukas A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - Comparing individual perception of timbre and reverberance BT - Proceedings of the 24th International Congress on Acoustics N2 - Room reverberation alters the spatial impression and timbre of a sound by modulating its spectral and temporal characteristics. Thus, we argue that, on a perceptual level, reverberation basically breaks down into interaural differences and spectro-temporal cues and that the separation of a perceived timbre into a sound source and a surrounding room is a purely cognitive process. To investigate the connection between the perception of reverberation cues and timbre analysis, the sensitivity for changes in reverberation was compared to timbre perception abilities. The Timbre Perception Test was used to measure the perception of the temporal envelope, spectral centroid, and spectral flux of artificial sounds. Sensitivity for changes in reverberation time was tested with a discrimination task using speech and noise with speech-alike spectral and temporal envelopes as source signals. Musical and acoustical expertise was assessed through the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index and self-reports on experience with and knowledge of acoustics. There was a considerable correlation between timbre and reverberance perception ability, but timbre perception and academic experience predicted only 41% of the variance in reverberance perception. Still, perception abilities related to similar acoustical phenomena seem to be better indicators of listening skills than self-reports on acoustical or musical expertise. KW - Timbre KW - Klangfarbe KW - Reverberation KW - Nachhall Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-38706 UR - https://ica2022korea.org/data/Proceedings_A11.pdf CY - Gyeoungju, Südkorea ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anglada-Tort, Manuel A1 - Masters, Nikhil A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - North, Adrian A1 - Müllensiefen, Daniel T1 - The Behavioural Economics of Music: Systematic review and future directions JF - Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology N2 - Music-related decision-making encompasses a wide range of behaviours including those associated with listening choices, composition and performance, and decisions involving music education and therapy. Although research programmes in psychology and economics have contributed to an improved understanding of music-related behaviour, historically, these disciplines have been unconnected. Recently, however, researchers have begun to bridge this gap by employing tools from behavioural economics. This article contributes to the literature by providing a discussion about the benefits of using behavioural economics in music-decision research. We achieve this in two ways. First, through a systematic review, we identify the current state of the literature within four key areas of behavioural economics-heuristics and biases, social decision-making, behavioural time preferences, and dual-process theory. Second, taking findings of the literature as a starting point, we demonstrate how behavioural economics can inform future research. Based on this, we propose the Behavioural Economics of Music (BEM), an integrated research programme that aims to break new ground by stimulating interdisciplinary research in the intersection between music, psychology, and economics. Y1 - 2022 SN - 1747-0218 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221113761 SN - 1747-0226 VL - 76 IS - 5 PB - SAGE ER - TY - THES A1 - Rosenthal, Fabian T1 - Einsatz und Anpassung von Methoden der Audio-Feature-Extraktion am Beispiel von Indoor Soundscapes T1 - The application of audio feature extraction methods to the analysis of indoor soundscapes. N2 - Im häuslichen Umfeld erleben Menschen abhängig von ihrer Wohnsituation unterschiedlichste Geräuschumgebungen (Indoor Soundscapes), die einen hohen Einfluss auf das Wohlbefinden haben. Im Rahmen einer Feldstudie wurde daher die theoretisch und praktisch relevante Frage untersucht, welche Merkmale der wahrgenommenen Geräuschumgebungen als besonders ereignisreich oder angenehm bewertet werden. Einhundertfünf Teilnehmer*innen berichteten nach der Experience-Sampling-Methode zeitgesteuert über auftretende Geräuschumgebungen des häuslichen Alltags. Sie bewerteten deren subjektive Wirkung gemäß Soundscape-Standard. Zudem fertigten sie in-situ Audioaufnahmen der Geräuschszenarien an. Die 6594 Tonaufnahmen wurden einer Audioinhaltsanalyse unterzogen und im Zuge dessen wurden vier Featuresets verschiedener Berechnungsansätze extrahiert. Mithilfe der Perzentilen LASSO-Regularisierung wurden lineare gemischte Modelle für Angenehmheit und Ereignisreichtum sowie drei Multilevel-Modelle für Angenehmheit aufgestellt. Die besten Modelle erklären 9 % der Varianz von Angenehmheit und 27 % der Varianz von Ereignisreichtum durch feste Effekte selektierter Prädiktoren aller getesteten Featuresets. Angenehmheit sinkt vor allem, wenn lautheitsbasierte Features hohe Werte zeigen. Ereignisreichtum ist am stärksten abhängig von kurzen Spitzen des C-bewerteten Schalldruckpegels und wird im Vergleich zu Angenehmheit stärker von Zeitschwankungen der Features bestimmt. Durch den Vergleich der Featuresets wird deutlich, dass die Modelleffekte bekannter psychoakustischer Größen durch Hinzufügen von MFCC-Features verbessert werden. Darüber hinaus wird anhand von Multilevel-Modellen gezeigt, dass die Angenehmheit des lautesten Viertels der Tonaufnahmen deutlich besser durch feste Effekte erklärbar ist als der leisere Rest des Datensatzes. Kongruent mit aktuellen Befragungsstudien kann durch Audiofeatures eine Kategorienabhängigkeit der Soundscape-Bewertungen belegt werden: Musik und Sprache werden als angenehmer bewertet, technische Geräusche und Anlagenrauschen hingegen als unangenehmer. Hoher Ereignisreichtum hängt mit menschgemachten Geräuschen (z. B. Poltern, Stuhlrücken) zusammen. Diese Ergebnisse stellen eine wichtige Komponente in der umfassenden Beschreibung komplexer Geräuschumgebungen dar und ihnen kommt in Zeiten der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie, in denen Wohnraum vermehrt heterogen genutzt werden muss, eine erhöhte Bedeutung zu. N2 - Depending on their living situation, people experience a wide variety of indoor soundscapes in their home environment, which have a major impact on their well-being. As part of a field study, the theoretically and practically relevant question of which features of the perceived soundscapes are rated as particularly eventful or pleasant was therefore investigated. One hundred and five participants used the experience sampling method to report on noise environments that occur in everyday domestic life. They assessed their subjective impact according to the soundscape standard. They also made in-situ audio recordings of the sound scenarios. The 6594 sound recordings were subjected to an audio content analysis and four feature sets of different calculation approaches were extracted. Using percentile LASSO regularisation, linear mixed models for pleasantness and event richness and three multilevel models for pleasantness were constructed. The best models explain 9 % of the variance of pleasantness and 27 % of the variance of event richness by fixed effects of selected predictors of all tested feature sets. Pleasantness decreases especially when loudness-based features show high values. Event richness is most dependent on short peaks of the C-weighted sound pressure level and is more strongly determined by time variations of the features compared to pleasantness. By comparing the feature sets, it becomes clear that the modelling effects of known psychoacoustic quantities are improved by adding MFCC features. In addition, multilevel models show that the pleasantness of the loudest quarter of the sound recordings can be explained much better by fixed effects than the quieter rest of the data set. Congruent with current survey studies, a category dependency of the soundscape evaluations can be proven by audio features: Music and speech are rated as more pleasant, while technical noises and system noise are rated as more unpleasant. High event richness is related to man-made noises (e.g. rumbling, chair backs). These results represent an important component in the comprehensive description of complex noise environments and they are of increased importance in times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, when living space must be used increasingly heterogeneously. KW - Soundscapes KW - Audio features KW - Audio Analyse Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-43991 N1 - Supplementary material to the thesis "Einsatz und Anpassung von Methoden der Audio-Feature-Extraktion am Beispiel von Indoor Soundscapes". DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11060721 CY - Düsseldorf ER -