TY - JOUR A1 - Hunke, Til A1 - Huber, Florian A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - The Evolution of Song Lyrics: An NLP-Based Analysis of Popular Music in Germany from 1954 to 2022 JF - Music & Science N2 - Music is an indispensable cultural product, reflecting changes in social, psychological, and cultural contexts. This study analyzes the historical evolution of topics and conveyed affect in popular music lyrics in Germany from 1954 to 2022, using LDA-based topic modeling and transformer-based sentiment analysis. These results show that Love & Relationships is the most referenced topic, with Dreams & Longings prominent until the mid-1960s and Society & Status rising from 2017. The sentiment analysis reveals a significant decline in positive sentiment since the mid-1960s, accompanied by increases in negative, ambiguous, and neutral sentiments. These trends may reflect broader societal changes, including shifts in cultural values, rising individualism, and increasing mental health issues. The study highlights the evolving nature of popular music and its reflection of social dynamics. KW - Popmusik KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Automatische Sprachanalyse Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-52618 SN - 2059-2043 VL - 8 PB - Sage Publications ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Berg, Markus A1 - Wolf, Anna-Christina A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - Age- and Sex-Related Differences in Music Requests on a Radio Show for Children JF - Music & Science N2 - In research on the development of musical preferences, children are often asked either to evaluate musical pieces that have been previously selected by adult experimenters, or to give self-reports on preferences for different musical styles. This study involved analyzing a sample of 1,412 freely and publicly expressed music requests from children aged between 4 and 11 years taken from a German radio program, with regard to age- and sex-specific differences. The music was categorized into genres, as listed on Spotify, and examined using methods of music information retrieval provided by the Spotify Developer application programming interface. Results showed that, at younger ages, the requests were generally more evenly distributed across different genres. Regarding single genres, we observed small positive relationships between age and the likelihood of requesting the genres pop or electro and small negative relationships between age and the likelihood of requesting A capella, German songwriter, indie, theme songs, or children's music. Furthermore, we found that boys requested significantly more rock or hip-hop, whereas girls had a higher tendency to ask for pop. Finally, age- (but no sex-) related differences regarding the Spotify features of valence and liveness of the requested music were found, which were related to the preference for children's music at younger ages. The results thus suggest that previous findings regarding differences between boys and girls and an increasing formation of distinct genre preferences during infancy also apply to single song requests made on a radio show. KW - children’s music KW - children’s musical preferences KW - genre preferences KW - music requests KW - musical identity KW - DFG Publikationskosten KW - HSD Publikationsfonds Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46588 SN - 2059-2043 N1 - Funding: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 532148125 and supported by the central publication fund of Hochschule Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences. VL - 7 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Sage Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Versümer, Siegbert A1 - Blättermann, Patrick T1 - Predicting real indoor soundscapes based on auditory and non-auditory factors across different loudness ranges with linear and nonlinear models T2 - INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings, Conference Proceeding 8, 4 October 2024 KW - Soundscape KW - Lautstärke KW - Psychoakustik Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3397/IN_2024_3386 SP - 3882 EP - 3892 PB - Institute of Noise Control Engineering ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Versümer, Siegbert A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - Weinzierl, Stefan T1 - Day-to-day loudness assessments of indoor soundscapes: Exploring the impact of loudness indicators, person, and situation JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America N2 - This study investigates loudness perception in real-world contexts using predictors related to the sound, situation, or person. In the study, 105 participants recorded 6594 sound environments in their homes, which were then evaluated based on the Experience Sampling Method. Hierarchical linear regressions using a loudness level based on ISO 532-1 allowed for obtaining the best model fits for predicting perceived loudness and explaining the highest variance. LAeq and LAF5 provided comparable results and may require less computational effort. However, the analysis shows that only one-third of the variance explained by fixed effects was attributable to the loudness level. Sixteen percent stemmed from perceived properties of the soundscape; 1% were attributable to relatively temporally stable, person-related predictors like participants' age; non-auditory situational predictors made no additional contribution. The results thus did not confirm previous findings on loudness perception under laboratory conditions, emphasizing the importance of the situational context. Along with the current paper, a comprehensive dataset, including the assessed person-related, situational, and sound-related measures as well as LAeq time-series and third-octave spectrograms, is provided to enable further research on sound perception, indoor soundscapes, and emotion. KW - Lautwahrnehmung KW - Akustische Eigenschaft KW - Hörschädigung KW - Lautstärke KW - Audiometrie KW - Sonogramm KW - Regressionsanalyse KW - Gauß-Prozess KW - Auditory perception KW - Acoustical properties KW - Hearing impairment KW - Loudness perception KW - Audiometry KW - Acoustic noise control KW - Spectrograms KW - Acoustic ecology KW - Regression analysis KW - Gaussian processes Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46127 SN - 0001-4966 VL - 153 IS - 5 SP - 2956 EP - 2972 PB - Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Berg, Markus A1 - Himmelein, Hendrik A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - Effects of noise sensitivity and listening effort on perceptual ratings of background noise JF - JASA Express Letters N2 - Previous research suggests that noise sensitivity is related to inefficient auditory processing that might increase the mental load of noise and affect noise evaluation. This assumption was tested in an experiment using a dual-task paradigm with a visual primary task and an auditory secondary task. Results showed that participants' noise sensitivity was positively correlated with mental effort. Furthermore, mental effort mediated the effect of noise sensitivity on loudness and unpleasantness ratings. The results thus support the idea that noise sensitivity is related to increased mental effort and difficulties in filtering auditory information and that situational factors should be considered. KW - noise sensitivity KW - listening effort KW - Geräuschempfindlichkeit KW - Höranstrengung KW - HSD Publikationsfonds KW - DFG Publikationskosten Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-45747 SN - 2691-1191 N1 - Funding: Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) – 532148125 und durch den zentralen Publikationsfonds der Hochschule Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences. VL - 8 IS - 4 PB - AIP Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - von Berg, Markus A1 - Schwörer, Paul A1 - Prinz, Lukas A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - Analysis of physical and perceptual properties of room impulse responses: development of an online tool T2 - Forum Acusticuum 2023: 10th Convention of European Acoustics Association, Turin, Italy, 11th-15th September 2023 N2 - Over the past decades, research in room acoustics has established several derivative measures of an impulse response, some of which are incorporated in the ISO 3382 standards. These parameters intend to represent perceptual qualities, but were developed without a consistent modeling of room acoustical perception. More recent research proposed comprehensive inventories of room acoustic perception that are purely based on evaluations by human subjects, such as the Room Acoustical Quality Index (RAQI). In this work RA-QI scores acquired for 70 room impulse responses were predicted from room acoustical parameters. Except for Reverberance, the prediction of RAQI factors performed rather poor. In most cases, the sound source had a greater impact on RAQI scores. All analyses are published in an online tool, where users can upload omnidirectional and binaural impulse responses, and instantly obtain and visualize several physical descriptors, as well as predicted RAQI scores for three different sound sources. So far, acceptable prediction accuracy is achieved for Reverberance, Strength, Irregular Decay, Clarity and Intimacy. Larger data sets of evaluated impulse responses are required to improve the model performance and enable reliable predictions of room acoustical quality. Therefore, the administration of RAQI evaluations within the website is currently being developed. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-41955 PB - EAA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anglada-Tort, Manuel A1 - Masters, Nikhil A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - North, Adrian A1 - Müllensiefen, Daniel T1 - The Behavioural Economics of Music: Systematic review and future directions JF - Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology N2 - Music-related decision-making encompasses a wide range of behaviours including those associated with listening choices, composition and performance, and decisions involving music education and therapy. Although research programmes in psychology and economics have contributed to an improved understanding of music-related behaviour, historically, these disciplines have been unconnected. Recently, however, researchers have begun to bridge this gap by employing tools from behavioural economics. This article contributes to the literature by providing a discussion about the benefits of using behavioural economics in music-decision research. We achieve this in two ways. First, through a systematic review, we identify the current state of the literature within four key areas of behavioural economics-heuristics and biases, social decision-making, behavioural time preferences, and dual-process theory. Second, taking findings of the literature as a starting point, we demonstrate how behavioural economics can inform future research. Based on this, we propose the Behavioural Economics of Music (BEM), an integrated research programme that aims to break new ground by stimulating interdisciplinary research in the intersection between music, psychology, and economics. Y1 - 2022 SN - 1747-0218 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221113761 SN - 1747-0226 VL - 76 IS - 5 PB - SAGE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - von Berg, Markus A1 - Prinz, Lukas A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - Comparing individual perception of timbre and reverberance BT - Proceedings of the 24th International Congress on Acoustics N2 - Room reverberation alters the spatial impression and timbre of a sound by modulating its spectral and temporal characteristics. Thus, we argue that, on a perceptual level, reverberation basically breaks down into interaural differences and spectro-temporal cues and that the separation of a perceived timbre into a sound source and a surrounding room is a purely cognitive process. To investigate the connection between the perception of reverberation cues and timbre analysis, the sensitivity for changes in reverberation was compared to timbre perception abilities. The Timbre Perception Test was used to measure the perception of the temporal envelope, spectral centroid, and spectral flux of artificial sounds. Sensitivity for changes in reverberation time was tested with a discrimination task using speech and noise with speech-alike spectral and temporal envelopes as source signals. Musical and acoustical expertise was assessed through the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index and self-reports on experience with and knowledge of acoustics. There was a considerable correlation between timbre and reverberance perception ability, but timbre perception and academic experience predicted only 41% of the variance in reverberance perception. Still, perception abilities related to similar acoustical phenomena seem to be better indicators of listening skills than self-reports on acoustical or musical expertise. KW - Timbre KW - Klangfarbe KW - Reverberation KW - Nachhall Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-38706 UR - https://ica2022korea.org/data/Proceedings_A11.pdf PB - International Commission for Acoustics CY - Gyeoungju, Südkorea ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - Wilczek, Tobias A1 - Weinzierl, Stefan T1 - Junk Food or Haute Cuisine to the Ear? – Investigating the Relationship Between Room Acoustics, Soundscape, Non-Acoustical Factors, and the Perceived Quality of Restaurants JF - Frontiers in Built Environment N2 - Sound and music are well-studied aspects of the quality of experience in restaurants; the role of the room acoustical conditions, their influence on the visitors’ soundscape evaluation and their impact on the overall customer satisfaction in restaurants, however, has received less scientific attention. The present field study therefore investigated whether sound pressure level, reverberation time, and soundscape pleasantness can predict factors associated with overall restaurant quality. In total, 142 persons visiting 12 restaurants in Berlin rated relevant acoustical and non-acoustical factors associated with restaurant quality. Simultaneously, the A-weighted sound pressure level (LA,eq,15) was measured, and the reverberation time in the occupied state (T20,occ) was obtained by measurements performed in the unoccupied room and a subsequent calculation of the occupied condition according to DIN 18041. Results from linear mixed-effects models revealed that both the LA,eq,15 and T20,occ had a significant influence on soundscape pleasantness and eventfulness, whereby the effect of T20,occ was meditated by the LA,eq,15. Also, the LA,eq,15 as well as soundscape pleasantness were significant predictors of overall restaurant quality. A comprehensive structural equation model including both acoustical and non-acoustical factors, however, indicates that the effect of soundscape pleasantness on overall restaurant quality is mediated by the restaurant’s atmosphere. Our results support and extend previous findings which suggest that the acoustical design of restaurants involves a trade-off between comfort and liveliness, depending on the desired character of the place. KW - DOAJ Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-32115 SN - 2297-3362 N1 - The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2021.676009/full#supplementary-material; ut:000655121500001 VL - 676009 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogel, Peter A1 - Blättermann, Patrick T1 - Investieren unter Nebenbedingungen - Teil 5: Auswahl von Aktien, Datenqualität und Statistik-Ergebnisse T3 - Trading - 5 KW - Trading Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-28848 SN - 2567-2347 CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brettschneider, Nico A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - de Mooij, Jeroen A1 - Ryskeldiev, Bektur ED - Herder, Jens T1 - Audio vs. Visual Avatars as Guides in Virtual Environments T2 - 21th International Conference on Human and Computer, HC-2018, March 27–28, 2019, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan. N2 - Through constant technical progress, multi-user virtual reality is transforming towards a social activity that is no longer only used by remote users, but also in large-scale location-based experiences. We evaluate the usage of realtime-tracked avatars in co-located business-oriented applications in a "guide-user-scenario" in comparison to audio only instructions. The present study examined the effect of an avatar-guide on the user-related factors of Spatial Presence, Social Presence, User Experience and Task Load in order to propose design guidelines for co-located collaborative immersive virtual environments. Therefore, an application was developed and a user study with 40 participants was conducted in order to compare both guiding techniques of a realtime-tracked avatar guide and a non-visualised guide with otherwise constant conditions. Results reveal that the avatar-guide enhanced and stimulated communicative processes while facilitating interaction possibilities and creating a higher sense of mental immersion for users. Furthermore, the avatar-guide appeared to make the storyline more engaging and exciting while helping users adapt to the medium of virtual reality. Even though no assertion could be made concerning the Task Load factor, the avatar-guide achieved a higher subjective value on User Experience. Due to the results, avatars can be considered valuable social elements in the design of future co-located collaborative virtual environments. KW - Virtual Reality KW - Co-located Collaborations KW - Networked Immersive Virtual Environments KW - Head-mounted Display KW - Avatars KW - Lehre Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-23859 UR - https://vsvr.medien.hs-duesseldorf.de/publications/hc2018-avatar/ PB - Hochschule Düsseldorf CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Versümer, Siegbert A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - Blättermann, Patrick A1 - Becker-Schweitzer, Jörg T1 - Modelling evaluations of low-level sounds in everyday situations using linear machine learning for variable selection JF - Frontiers in Psychology KW - DOAJ Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-23779 SN - 1664-1078 N1 - Supplementary Material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.570761/full#supplementary-material VL - 11 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogel, Peter T1 - Investieren unter Nebenbedingungen - Teil 4: Ergänzung zu Teil 3 N2 - Der vierte Teil der Schriftenreihe "Trading" präsentiert eine statistische Auswertung von Kursdaten bei einer Haltefrist von einem Handelstag. Die Statistik beinhaltet Gewinnfaktor bzw. Rendite und Investitionsgrad aus Teil 1 sowie Volatilität, Chance, Risiko und Handelskosten, welche in Teil 3 eingeführt wurden. Kaufbedingungen werden wie in Teil 1 mit Hilfe des Kursverhältnisses an zwei aufeinander folgenden Handelstagen gebildet. Die Auswertung für den Markt FEBRDUSA_1 historischer Kursdaten liefert eine in sich schlüssige Beschreibung des Einflussfaktors Kaufbedingung auf die künftige Kursentwicklung. Den größten Gewinn liefert eine Mean Reversion-Strategie, bei der die Chance deutlich über dem Risiko liegt. Da die Statistik die Begrenzung eingegangener Neuinvestitionen berücksichtigt, werden Übertreibungen vermieden, die einer arithmetischen Mittelwertbildung anhaften. Die statische Auswertung für einen mit Random Walks gebildeten Markt bestätigt, dass für diesen Fall keine Abhängigkeit von der Kaufbedingung besteht. N2 - The fourth part of the series "Trading" presents experimental findings of price data statistics for a holding period of one day. The statistics include gain factor, return and investment ratio of part 1 as well as volatility, chance, risk and trading costs of part 3. Buy conditions are defined by means of the price relationship for two subsequent trading days, as in part 1. The experimental findings for the market FEBRDUSA_1 of historical price data provides a coherent description of the influence of the buy condition on future prices. The maximum return is provided by a buy condition describing a price slump. Since the statistics incorporates the limited amount of new investments, exaggeration due to arithmetic averaging is avoided. The experimental findings for a market of random walks confirm that there is no dependence on the buy condition in this case. T3 - Trading - 4 KW - Chance KW - Risiko KW - Volatilität KW - Mean-Reversion-Strategie KW - Random Walks KW - chance KW - risk KW - volatility KW - trading costs Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-21206 SN - 2567-2347 PB - Hochschule Düsseldorf CY - Düsseldorf ER -